Psych: Chapter 7 quiz

Brandon is trying to improve his retention of course information so that he can perform better on his exams. Which piece of advice would NOT be good?

"Avoid mnemonics."

According to psychologists, memory refers to:

All of the answers are correct.

One of Maria's new patients claims to have been molested and that she discovered this after going to a hypnotherapist. What does Maria NOT know?

Memories recovered under medications are reliable.

The three-stage processing model of memory was proposed by:

Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin.

_____ is a newer understanding of short-term memory that involves conscious, active processing of incoming auditory and visual-spatial information, as well as information retrieved from long-term memory.

Working memory

Which phrase BEST describes the typical forgetting curve?

a rapid initial decline in retention becoming stable thereafter

This literally means "without memory."

amnesia

Memories of emotional events are especially likely to be facilitated by activation of the:

amygdala

Henri and Beth each want to improve their performance on their next psychology test. Beth reviews the material for thirty minutes each day and then goes to bed early the night before the exam. Henri decides to devote the entire night before the exam to studying so that the material will be fresh. Who has used the most effective strategy?

beth

Which area of the brain plays an important role in forming and storing memories created by classical conditioning?

cerebellum

Freddy met a woman in the library and immediately thought he knew her. He asked, "Have I met you before?" She replied, "No," and walked away, assuming he was trying to ask her out. Freddy could have experienced:

déjà vu.

Research conducted by George Sperling showed that people have something akin to a fleeting photographic memory. This _____ provides a momentary sensory memory of visual stimuli, like a picture-image that lasts only a few tenths of a second.

iconic memory

Tameka is reading a novel. When the phone rings, she looks up to see if her husband is going to answer it, which he does. She returns her attention to the book, going back to the exact spot on the page where she left off. Tameka is able to effortlessly return to her reading because:

of automatic processing of space.

Luca has been studying all week for his biology final exam. He studies until he is ready to go to bed because he knows that information presented within _____ hour(s) before sleep will be well remembered.

one

Forgetting is NOT a result of:

priming

In the process of retrieving a specific memory from a web of associations, a person needs to activate one of the strands that leads to it. This process is known as:

priming

Research on memory construction reveals that memories:

reflect a person's biases and assumptions.

One way to test memory is to check the speed of _____ for things that a person once learned but has since forgotten.

relearning

The process of getting information out of memory storage is called:

retrieval

Darlene is trying to remember the name of a woman sitting next to her on the bus. She knows she met her at a party, and she is trying to remember which one. Darlene is able to imagine where the woman was seated at the party, as well as what she was eating. Darlene is using _____ to remember the woman's name.

retrieval cues

The happier Judy feels, the more readily she recalls experiences with former teachers who were warm and generous. This BEST illustrates that emotional states can be:

retrieval cues.

When a person encodes a piece of target information, other bits of information become associated with it. The bits of information connected with the target information are known as:

retrieval cues.

Ivan recently suffered a severe stroke and is no longer able to remember events from his childhood. His memory problems are related to:

retrieval failure.

These memories involve facts and general knowledge.

semantic memories

This type of memory is the first stage in forming explicit memories.

sensory memory

Theo suffers from depression and is currently in treatment. His physician is using electroconvulsive therapy, which will affect his _____ memory.

short-term

Which method does NOT improve your memory?

sleeping less

Lonnie often has vivid dreams. In the morning, he can recall them in great detail. This ability sometimes gets him in trouble because he cannot figure out if he is remembering a dream or something that he actually experienced. This problem is known as:

source amnesia.

Henri and Beth each want to improve their performance on their next psychology test. Beth reviews the material for thirty minutes each day and then goes to bed early the night before the exam. Henri decides to devote the entire night before the exam to studying so that the material will be fresh. Who has used the most effective strategy?

Beth

One reason a person's memories fail is because of problems with information:

encoding

The processing of information into the memory system is called:

encoding

The three steps in memory information processing are:

encoding, storage, and retrieval.

These memories involve experienced events.

episodic memories

The Atkinson-Shiffrin model of memory helps explain how these memories are formed.

explicit memories

The human mind seems to operate on two tracks. One track involves processing _____ memories, and the other specializes in processing _____ memories.

explicit; implicit

Some of a person's memories for an emotionally significant moment or event are vividly clear. These are known as:

flashbulb memories.

Six months after a patient committed suicide, a doctor's attorney is asking if the patient called him before committing the act. The doctor responds in the negative. Three months later, opposing counsel asks him similar questions and he gives the opposite response, confusing this patient with one of his current patients. This is an example of:

source amnesia.

Which method is an effective way to minimize proactive and retroactive interference?

studying before sleeping

After being verbally threatened by a person in a passing car, Teresa was asked if she recognized the MAN who was driving the car. Several hours later, Teresa mistakenly recalled that the driver was male rather than female. Teresa's experience BEST illustrates:

the misinformation effect.

At a block party, Cyndi meets nine new neighbors. Moments later, she can only remember the names of the first three and last two neighbors she met. Her experience illustrates:

the serial position effect.

Brenda has misplaced her car keys and is retracing her activities of the day. She will probably be able to locate her car keys because her brain automatically coded information regarding _____ while she went about her day.

time