PSYCH
The direction of an individual's erotic interests refers to the individual's
sexual orientation
A bicyclist claims that bicycle racing times would be faster if individuals raced in groups, because the knowledge of being in a group produces more energy to perform better. The bicyclist's claim is based on the concept of
social facilitation
Hiroko's fifth-grade teacher was disappointed when he performed poorly in math. She believes that Asian students are academically excellent and never perform poorly. In this scenario, the teacher's beliefs best illustrate
stereotyping
If one were to translate "white house" to Spanish from English, it would be "casa blanca," or "house white." This demonstrates a difference in ________ between the two languages.
syntax
Manish is studying the prenatal development of a fetus. He observes that the fetus is in its third week since conception and that the spinal cord is about to be formed. Which of the following periods in prenatal development is Manish most likely observing?
the embroyonic period
The term ________ refers to experiencing one's psychological gender as being different from one's biological sex.
transgender
Carlos, a manager, wants to meet his team members—Megan, Aisha, Chang, and Jake—at 9.00 a.m. the following day. Aisha turns up 15 minutes late for the meeting. In this scenario, who among the following is committing the fundamental attribution error?
Chang, who think Aisha has a laid-back attitude toward work
Who among the following is most likely to have a low intelligent quotient (IQ)?
Coby, whose chronological age is above is mental age.
In the context of Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following is true of the accommodation and the assimilation process?
Individuals develop new schemas (schemata) when they use the assimilation process
The moment Jenna walks into the classroom, Ryan realizes that his heart is beating faster than usual. He wonders whether he is infatuated with her. This reaction is best explained by the
James-Lange theory
Which of the following experiments demonstrated the profound effect of obedience
Miligram's experiment
Which of the following statements about attraction between people is true?
People tend to shy away from the unknown, which is why similarity facilitates attraction.
Which of the following is true of Maslow's hierarchy of needs?
The higher-level needs can only observed in a person who is relatively satisfied in the most basic needs.
Which of the following statements is true of the adolescent brain?
The prefrontal cortex continues to mature into early adulthood
Identify a true statement about heuristics.
They aid in narrowing down the possible solutions to a problem.
In the context of emotion, when information about fear is conveyed through the direct brain pathway, it moves from the thalamus to the
amygdala
Miguel's son Lucas is fighting with his younger brother over a toy. Miguel gently explains to Lucas on how he could have avoided the fight with his brother. Instead of scolding his son, he communicates his points in a calm and a peaceful manner on ways to end his fight with his brother. Miguel is most likely a(n) ________ parent.
authoritative
Kylie knows that excessive drinking can adversely affect her health. Every time she engages in binge drinking, she tells herself that all her friends who binge drink seem healthy. In this scenario, Kylie is attempting to reduce
cognitive dissonance
Lily and her classmates are asked to write an essay on what they want to be when they are older. Although Lily wants to be a florist, she does not write about it. Instead, she writes about wanting to be a doctor because most of her friends want to be doctors. In the context of social influence, Lily is best exhibiting
conformity
Veronica caught her neighbor stealing her purse. The neighbor confessed that she didn't have enough money to pay her rent and bills. Even though Veronica sympathized with her neighbor, she filed a complaint against her because she wanted to follow the law. According to Kohlberg's stages of moral development, she is most likely in the _____ stage of moral development.
conventional
An infant cries very often and faces difficulties in adapting to new situations. Which of the following temperament styles would best describe him?
difficult
The sociocultural standards that determine when, where, and how emotions should be expressed are called
display rules
Danielle is planning on a vacation with her family. During dinner, she talks to her family about it, and each one of them give their own ideas and plans for the vacation. Which of the following types of thinking has Danielle employed?
divergent thinking
Lolita uses her kitchen knife to cut vegetables. She always uses her knife for either slicing bread or for chopping meat. Despite these uses, Lolita also occasionally uses the knife to unscrew nails from her kitchen equipment. This alternate way of using the knife shows that Lolita has overcome
functional fixedness
According to Noam Chomsky, the fact that children all over the world acquire language at the same time indicates that
human beings are prewired to learn language at a certain time.
Miguel is able to think clearly about himself and has a clear understanding of his own goals and ambitions. He understands how human personality works and the psychology behind human behavior. According to Garndner's types of intelligence, which of the following type of intelligence is Miguel exhibiting?
intrapersonal intelligence
Bradley is an exceptionally good student. He enjoys studying and works hard toward improving the overall quality of his work. Bradley is motivated to study topics beyond the scope of his syllabus and takes pride in his gift for learning. Bradley's behavior can be attributed to
intrinsic motivation
Emilia is a 6-year-old who uses her grandmother as a base to explore her environment. Whenever her grandmother leaves her to do her daily chores, she shows visible signs of distress. When her grandmother returns, Emilia expresses her joy and feels happy to see her again. This is an example of ________ attachment.
secure