Psych exam 2

Grace whistles while tickling khaleel with a feather. Eventually, khaleel starts to squirm and giggle every time grace whistles, even when he is not being tickled. In this example squirming and giggling is an

Conditioned response

When an organism receives a reinforcer each time it displays a behavior, it is called ______ reinforcement

Continuous

When people reach their 40s, they enter the time known as middle adulthood, which extends to the mid-60s. This involves finding their life's work and contributing to the development of others through activities such as volunteering, mentoring, and raising children. According to eriksons theory, what is the primary developmental task of this stage

Generativity vs stagnation

Tammy has a positive view of challenges. She views them as tasks to be mastered. She develops a deep interest in and a strong commitment to becoming a good teacher. When she doesn't pass her first teaching praxis, she quickly recovers and works to overcome a setback. Albert Bandura would say Tammy has _______

High self efficacy

As the third force in psych ______ is touted as a reaction both to the pessimistic determination of psychoanalysis and to the behaviorists view of humans passively reacting to the environment

Humanism

Sigmund Freud suggested that people who are dominated by their ________ might be narcissistic and impulsive

Id

What are innate behaviors that are triggered by a broader range of events, such as aging and the change of seasons

Instincts

After age 65, most people are attempting to asses their lives and make sense of life and the meaning of their contributions. What is the primary developmental task of this stage

Integrity vs dispair

Which of the following is an example of vicarious punishment

Jeong observes bronwyn getting spanked for spitting out her carrots. Because he saw his friend punished, he does not spit out his carrots

Learning that occurs but is not observable in behavior until there is a reason to demonstrate it is called ______ learning

Latent

What do psychologist call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience

Learning

__________ skill refer to our ability to move our bodies and manipulate objects

Motor

Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Daves boss is using ________

Negative reinforcement

Which of the following is not a developmental issue children face during the preoperational stage

Object permanence

Anna watches her older sister do headstands. Anna falls over when she attempts to do a headstand herself. She watches her older sister more carefully, and notices that her sister leans backward slightly to complete her headstand. Dymesha is then able to do headstands herself. Which type of learning is this

Observational

Which statement summarizes the main idea of reciprocal determinism

Our behavior, cognitive processes, and situaltional context all influence each other

Self efficacy is _________

Our level of confidence in our own abilities

Carisa's parents let her stay up as late as she wants. She is allowed to pick out her own clothes and decide when and what she wants to eat. Her parents act more like friends than authority figures. What kind of parenting style is this

Permissive

What is the main idea of the behavior perspective on personality

Personality is significantly shaped by the reinforcements and consequences outside of the organism

_________ developmental involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness.

Physical

It is hard to tell how guys father will respond to guy. Sometimes he is responsive to guys needs, but he is just as likely to ignore guy. At 18 months old, guy clings to his father, but he is just as likely to reject his father if his father tries to play with him. Guy becomes angry when his father leaves, and guy is difficult to comfort even after his father returns. What kind of attachment is this

Resistant

According to Abraham Maslow, the highest need is _________

Self actualization

During jean Piaget's _________ stage, the world is experienced through senses and actions

Sensorimotor

Which of the following is an example of a reflex: an unlearned, automatic response by an organism to a stimulus in the environment

The pupil of your eye contracting in the presences of bright light

Which process involves observing a model being punished and then becoming less likely to imitate the models behavior

Vicarious punishment

Which of the following is an example of operant conditioning

When a dog plays dead she gets a treat in order to encourage her to repeat the behavior

One year old Ainsley learned the schema for trucks because his family had a truck. When Ainsley sees trucks on television, she says "look mommy truck" this exemplifies ______

Assimilation

Classical and operant conditioning are forms of _______ learning

Associational

Marcy in 15 months old, and her father is insensitive and inattentive her needs. Marcy reacts to him the same way she reacts to a stranger- she doesn't care if he leaves the room and when he returns she is slow to notice or react. What kind of attachment is this

Avoidant

In the initial period of learning ______ describes when an organism learns to connect a neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus

Acquisition

Many cultures have stories about a hero who goes on a quest, such as Hercules, King Arthur, and Gilgamesh. What would Carl Jung say this exemplified?

An archetype

Ina can no longer read the street signs, but she refuses to admit she needs glasses to drive. Which defense mechanism does this exemplify

Denial

Which of the following experiments involved the use of social learning theory

Determining how long it takes a person to learn how to knit if she is only allowed to watch YouTube videos of people knitting

The traits openness, consciousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism are key components of the _______

Five factor model

Children in the ______ stage can use abstract thinking to problem solve, look at alternative solutions, and test these solutions.

Formal operations