Psych Midterm 1 Chapters 1-5

naturalistic observation

A manager at a science museum wants to identify the most popular exhibits, so once every hour for six weeks she has volunteers count the number of people standing in front of each exhibit. This is an example of

belief perseverance.

Psychological research has proven that many long-held, popular beliefs about psychology are untrue. Psychology as a science has been able to accomplish this by emphasizing

exposed internalized racism in African-American children, particularly among children attending segregated schools.

Psychologists Kenneth and Mamie Phipps Clark found that doll tests

has a weak effect on consumers, if any at all.

Psychologists now believe that subliminal advertising

experimental

Research that involves intentional manipulation of variables is called _______ research.

not substantiated through research.

Scientific investigation has revealed that the "Mozart Effect" (the notion that children become smarter from listening to the music of Mozart) is

????????? A) A report that discusses the different responses of two groups to variations in medical treatment B) A book that documents the development of a person who was diagnosed with a life-threatening illness at a young age C) A documentary film that presents footage of members of an isolated tribe going about their daily lives D) An article that analyzes the results of responses to questionnaires asking about a number of controversial social issues

Which of the following best represents the case study method?

The temperature right now is higher than it was 24 hours ago

Which of the following is an empirical statement?

The closer a correlation is to 0.00, the weaker the relationship.

Which of the following is true about the strength of a correlation?

naturalistic observation

Which of the following research methods would be most appropriate for investigating the relationship between political orientation and belief in climate change?

A quiet co-worker prefers to eat lunch at his desk every day instead of socializing with others in the company cafeteria.

Which of the following would be evidence against the social brain hypothesis?

Hysteria was prevalent during this time, which made women unsuitable as practicing psychologists.

Why did women make few contributions to psychology in the first part of the 20th century?

argue that the overall experience of human perception is greater than the sum of its parts

Gestalt psychologists such as Max Wertheimer and Wolfgang Köhler

neuroscientist

A _______ is most likely to study the brain activities that underlie human behavior.

functional relationships

A behaviorist would be least concerned with

he cannot be deceived by his senses.

According to René Descartes, the very fact that he is thinking proves that

"Well, people tend to be more accident-prone around the full moon, but the crime rate doesn't really go up."

As you and your roommate watch a news report about a big fight that broke out at a local club, he turns to you and says, "I'm not surprised. It's a full moon, after all. People always go crazy around the full moon." As a student of psychology, your response should be:

believe that their children will develop adequately with little parental support.

Parents who agree with John Locke's notion of tabula rasa would most likely

focuses on how people think, remember, store, and use information

Cognitive psychology

determine how various experiences result in different behaviors.

For a behaviorist, the goal of psychology is to

refused to believe him

In Plato's cave allegory, a prisoner was temporarily unchained and allowed to see the fire at the mouth of the cave. When he returned to the chains, the other prisoners

repeatedly exposed to stimuli that are gradually more and more like rats

In a behaviorist approach to treatment for a patient with a fear of rats, the patient is

the mind and behavior

The discipline of psychology can most accurately be defined as the study of

Philosophy

The foundations of psychology are most closely related to which of the following disciplines?

the use of informal data and the belief perseverance in all research.

The hallmarks of psychology as a science are

psychophysics

The study of how physical events, such as lights and sounds, affect our senses is called

????? A) correlational research. B) experimental research. C) naturalistic observation. D) case study research.

To better understand aggressive behavior toward strangers, a psychologist gathers all available information about a man who threatened random people in a mall with an automatic weapon. This is an example of

survey research.

To identify the most popular exhibits at a science museum, every day for six weeks all visitors were asked to rate how much they enjoyed each exhibit. The data were analyzed to look for age and sex differences in exhibit preferences. This was an example of

desensitization.

You are trying to overcome your fear of snakes. Inspired by the work of Mary Cover Jones, your therapist first shows you some pictures of snakes. Then she tells you that there is a small snake in a cage in the next room. She asks you to observe the live snake from a distance, and continues this process until your fear is conquered. Your therapist is using the technique called

???? "Well, research actually shows that almost all of the brain is continually active." or "The data aren't conclusive on that yet, but most psychologists would agree with you."

Your uncle tells you about an interesting magazine article explaining that humans use only 10 percent of their brains. As a student of psychology, your response should be: