Psychology 2

Which of the following statements about algorithms is (are) true?

Both

Sleep stage 5

rem

Punishment

Designed to reduce behavior

Observational learning

Modeling what's around

Hertz is a measure of ________.

Frequency

Semantics

Deriving meaning from words

Spearman believed in what

G for intelligence, measurable

Syntax: How words are organized

GR SM SO

Norming

Giving the test to a large population to reference scores

Hindsight bias

It was predictable

Functional fixedness

Only see it useful one way

Positive punishment

Something is added to decrease behavior

Negative punishment

Something taken away to decrease likelihood of behavior

IQ test name

Stanford-Binet, now Wechsler

Representative bias

Stereotype someone to confirm judgement with no valid basis

Classical conditioning

Stimulus, then behavior. SB. Respondent, passive

Optic Chiasm

X that merges eye information and sends to opposite sides

At the point of the optic chiasm, information from the right visual field (which comes from both eyes) is sent to the ________ side of the brain, and information from the left visual field is sent to the ________ side of the brain.

Left, right

Which term refers to the vocabulary of a language?

Lexicon

9. Which of the following is an example of a synthetic opioid?

Methadone

After Niaz's car breaks down, and he is convinced that it was a predictable event and he knew it would happen even though there was no way of knowing it would happen. This exemplifies

Hindsight bias

1.Which term describes the tendency to maintain a balance, or optimal level, within a biological system?

Homeostasis

Shaping

Rewarding close approximations of behaviors

Crystallized intelligence

Accuired knowledge retrieval

Sternbergs theory of intelligence

Analytical intelligence, practical, and creative

Gesalt psychology

Based on the idea that the whole is different from sum of parts

Operant conditioning

Behavior encouraged by reinforcement. Behavior, then reward/stimulus. BS

Fovea

Contains cones

Reinforcement

Designed to increase behavior

Natural concepts are mental groupings created naturally through our ________.

Experiences

Which of the following describes the difference in stimuli required to detect a difference between the stimuli?

Just noticeable

Which term describes the perception of the body's movement through space?

Kinesthesia

Language acronym

LPM, lexicon, phoneme, morpheme

Anchoring bias

Only focus on one thing in a problem

Confirmation bias

Only pay attention to what confirms your belief

8. Tariq depends on cigarettes to relieve his stress, though he smokes so infrequently that he experiences no significant, noticeable physical symptoms when he is not smoking. What does this exemplify?

Psychological dependence

Wesley is in a movie theater with no windows—the only light is low illumination from the emergency lights on the floor. Which photoreceptors will be most useful to Wesley as he attempts to leave the theater?

Rods

The analytical intelligence component of the triarchic theory of intelligence is demonstrated by the ability to ________.

analyze, evaluate, judge, compare, and contrast

Most score on iq test

85-110

Learning behvavior model:

ARRM attention retention reproduction motivation

3. Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when ________.

An individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep.

Top down processing

Another deer, jump to conclusion. Using what you know only

Availability heuristic

Make a decision only by what info is available

5. After Omar falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. He is 4 years old. This occurs in at about 90 minutes into his sleep. Which parasomnia does Omar have?

Night terrors

Sleep stage 1-4

Nrem

Vicarious reinforcement

Powerful to see others win. Hype wins, brush off losses so it seems like you win more

4. Mohammed is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Mohammed is probably experiencing ________ sleep.

REM

Grammar

Rules used to make meaning of lexicon

A(an) ________ is a mental construct (or box) consisting of a cluster or collection of related concepts.

Schema

Fluid intelligence

See complex relationships and solve them

Which term refers to the process by which we derive meaning from morphemes and words?

Semantics

2. Which theorist described dreams as having manifest and latent content?

Sigmund Freud

Which of the following exemplifies olfaction?

Smelling cookies

Which type of processing involves the interpretation of sensations and is influenced by available knowledge, experiences, and thoughts?

Top down processing

Concepts are categories or groupings of linguistic information, images, ideas, or memories, such as life experiences.

True

An anchoring bias occurs when you focus on ________.

faulty heuristic in which you fixate on a single aspect of a problem to find a solution

Convergence Insufficiency is an ocular disorder that involves_____

motor coordination of the two eyes on near point tasks

What is a binaural cue?

two-eared cue to localize sound

Cattel believed what

Crystallized intelligence and fluid intelligence

Parents of African American students filed a case against the state of California in 1979 because they believed the testing method used to identify students with learning disabilities________.

Culturally unfair

10. Melatonin release is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________.

Darkness, light

Interval vs ratio

Delivery time, after either fixed or unpredictable responses

7. Alcohol is considered a ________ because it tends to suppress central nervous system activity.

Depressant

Which concept is a type of mental set where you cannot perceive an object being used for something other than what it was designed for?

Functional Fixedness

Which field of psychology includes the following concepts: figure-ground relationship, law of continuity, and principle of closure?

Gestalt

Latent learning

Learning that occurs but is not visible until used

Bottom up processing

Perceptions built from sensory input

Which refers to the idea that intelligence consists of a unitary factor?

Gardner's theory

6. Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________.

Narcolepsy

Mental set

Using the same mentality

"the global capacity of a person to act purposefully, to think rationally, and to deal effectively with his environment"

Wechsler believed