Psychology Chapter 2 test (chapter 3 and 6)
Gabrielle watches her father put batteries into her toy phone, and she is then able to put the batteries into the toy phone herself without further instruction from her father. In this example, Gabrielle's father is a ________.
model
Transmit messages from central nervous system to muscles and glands are called------.
motor neurons
Contiuned behavior and removing something is
negative reinforcement
In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________.
neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus
what will happen when a neuron stimulated during refractory period
nothing will happen
Voluntary behaviors followed by a reward or punishment
operant conditioning
The rest and digest is from
parasympathetic system
In ________ reinforcement, the person or animal is not reinforced every time a desired behavior is performed.
partial
Frontal lobe
planning . lang . emtion
reinforcers have innate reinforcing qualities.
primary
somatsenory cortext in pari
proccesing sensory info
Hypothalamus
regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior (homeostatic processes)
retic form
regulates sleep, motor acvities
The operant chamber (Skinner box) is used to study--------
reinforcement and operant conditioning
The difference between a reinforcer and a punisher is that
reinforcers strengthen behavior and punishers weaken behavior
thryoid gland
release hormones that regurltae growth and appeitie
N.T released too many sending neurons is called
reuptake
pitutary gland
secretes hormones carry instructions (growth and pain)
--------- transmits info from the envirnment to the central nervous system
sensory neurons
reward successive toward targeted behavior is called
shaping
sydney is learning how to play pool. At first, her uncle reinforces her for hitting any of the pool balls. Next, he only reinforces her for hitting the pool balls into a pocket. Finally, he only reinforcers her for hitting her own pool balls into a pocket. What operant conditioning technique is Sydney's uncle using to teach her how to play pool?
shaping
Voluntary movement like speaking and typing are from the ------------ system.
somatic
The UCS
something that elicits a natural, reflexive response (something not afraid of or just naturally do like saliva)
lateralization
specilized function in each hemi
temproal lobe=werinica area
speech but undable to understand it
When you burn your hand you pull away instantly. This is because of the
spinal reflexes
"Little Albert" learned to fear a white rat when it was paired with a loud noise. When "Little Albert" was presented with other similar stimuli that he had not been conditioned to fear, such as a white rabbit or white Santa Claus mask, he would scream and cry just the same. This is an example of _____.
stimulus generalization
cerebral cortex
surface of brain with pattern of folds/bumps(gyri) and groves (sulci)
The fight and flight response is from the
sympathetic nervous system
space between neurons is called the
synapse
Where are the N.T stored?
synaptic vesicles
Which of the following is an example of a reflex?
the pupil of your eye contracting in the presence of bright light
The salvation of the dogs is called
unconditioned response
Which option is the most valid criticism of Watson and Rayner's work with "little Albert"?
unethical
Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.
(-) reinforment
corpus callosum
2 hemi connected by thick band of neural fibers that allows the L and R side to communicate.
chemical messangers of the nervous system are called
N.T
Messanger cells are
Neurons (in the nervous system)
In the operant conditioning techniques reinforcement and punishment, what do the terms positive and negative refer to?
Positive refers to a stimulus that is added and negative refers to a stimulus that is removed.
Gambling at a slot machine is an example of which reinforcement schedule?
Variable ratio
prefrotnal cortext
cog function
The salvation to the sound of the bell is the
conditioned response
The white rat is the
conditioned stimulus
Extinction occurs in classical conditioning by repeatedly presenting the _____.
conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus
limbic system contains hippoc, hypo and amygdala
contians smell and memory
Jaime is teaching her new puppy, Zeus, to "do his business" in the yard. Every time Zeus "does his business" in the yard, Jaime gives him a treat. What schedule of reinforcement is Jaime using?
continuous
The left side of brain allows
control of of right body and allows for memory's, attention and emotions.
Left and Right hemispheres that are together is called
corpus callosum
Neurons recieves messages from other neurons is called
dendrites
communication with in a neuron is
electrical
Natural chemical that blocks and and have pleasure effects is called------- and has the effect of "runners high"
endorphins
The ________ theory explains that the immediate associations involved in a conditioned taste aversion are a result of adaptation that helps us learn to avoid foods that are potentially harmful.
evolutionary
Vince is failing Chemistry. Halfway through the year, his teacher, Mr. Nye, pairs him up with Lisa. Vince has had a crush on Lisa since the seventh grade and he really wants to impress her. Mr. Nye is shocked; since getting paired up with Lisa, Vince has gotten every question right! Vince is demonstrating _____.
latent learning
In Pavlov's classical conditioning, the term conditioned is approximately synonymous with the word ________.
learned
What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?
learning
was the first to describe classical conditioning.
Ivan pavolv
reflexes and predicts cause responses
Classical conditioning
What creates the myelin sheath
Glial cells
Learning first takes place with
acquisition
Which two concepts can be thought of as opposite processes within the classical conditioning model?
acquisition and extinction
epinephrine
adrenaline
Thalums
all senses but smell
Antipsychatic drugs block receptor sites for dopamine (decrease dop) are called
antagonists
Pupil and heart rate are an example of
autonomic nervous system
Action potential travels down the ------
axon
Which of the following is an example of instinct?
baby turning its head to suckle when its cheek is stroked
Objective science that states behavior without reference to mental processes is called
behaviorism
Contain ------------- that are in the nervous system
brain and spinal cord
commuincation between neurons is
chemical
Molly attempts to condition her puppy to greet her when she enters the house. She repeatedly pairs her entry to the house with a treat for the puppy. The puppy eventually acquires this ability, and Molly realizes how irritating it is for the puppy to run up to her every time she enters the house. She attempts to make the puppy stop, and eventually the puppy no longer feels motivated to greet her when she enters the house. The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________.
extiction
Polly used to feel sick from Mc because Polly associated with illness. After a few good meals she no longer feels nausea is an example of
extinction
Gus receives a paycheck at the end of every week. Which reinforcement schedule is this?
fixed interval
excitory N.T that makes an action potentional more likey to occur bc of the + ions is called
glutamate
N.T are less lkey to firer an action potential is called
inhibitory
Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning?
knowing that a student fears exams, the instructor wears a bright red shirt only on exam day, every exam day, to see how long it is before the red shirt becomes an object of fear to the student
Learning that occurs but is not observable in behavior until there is a reason to demonstrate it is called ________ learning.
latent