Psychology Chapter 2 test (chapter 3 and 6)

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Gabrielle watches her father put batteries into her toy phone, and she is then able to put the batteries into the toy phone herself without further instruction from her father. In this example, Gabrielle's father is a ________.

model

Transmit messages from central nervous system to muscles and glands are called------.

motor neurons

Contiuned behavior and removing something is

negative reinforcement

In classical conditioning, the association that is learned is between a ________.

neutral stimulus and an unconditioned stimulus

what will happen when a neuron stimulated during refractory period

nothing will happen

Voluntary behaviors followed by a reward or punishment

operant conditioning

The rest and digest is from

parasympathetic system

In ________ reinforcement, the person or animal is not reinforced every time a desired behavior is performed.

partial

Frontal lobe

planning . lang . emtion

reinforcers have innate reinforcing qualities.

primary

somatsenory cortext in pari

proccesing sensory info

Hypothalamus

regulates body temperature, hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior (homeostatic processes)

retic form

regulates sleep, motor acvities

The operant chamber (Skinner box) is used to study--------

reinforcement and operant conditioning

The difference between a reinforcer and a punisher is that

reinforcers strengthen behavior and punishers weaken behavior

thryoid gland

release hormones that regurltae growth and appeitie

N.T released too many sending neurons is called

reuptake

pitutary gland

secretes hormones carry instructions (growth and pain)

--------- transmits info from the envirnment to the central nervous system

sensory neurons

reward successive toward targeted behavior is called

shaping

sydney is learning how to play pool. At first, her uncle reinforces her for hitting any of the pool balls. Next, he only reinforces her for hitting the pool balls into a pocket. Finally, he only reinforcers her for hitting her own pool balls into a pocket. What operant conditioning technique is Sydney's uncle using to teach her how to play pool?

shaping

Voluntary movement like speaking and typing are from the ------------ system.

somatic

The UCS

something that elicits a natural, reflexive response (something not afraid of or just naturally do like saliva)

lateralization

specilized function in each hemi

temproal lobe=werinica area

speech but undable to understand it

When you burn your hand you pull away instantly. This is because of the

spinal reflexes

"Little Albert" learned to fear a white rat when it was paired with a loud noise. When "Little Albert" was presented with other similar stimuli that he had not been conditioned to fear, such as a white rabbit or white Santa Claus mask, he would scream and cry just the same. This is an example of _____.

stimulus generalization

cerebral cortex

surface of brain with pattern of folds/bumps(gyri) and groves (sulci)

The fight and flight response is from the

sympathetic nervous system

space between neurons is called the

synapse

Where are the N.T stored?

synaptic vesicles

Which of the following is an example of a reflex?

the pupil of your eye contracting in the presence of bright light

The salvation of the dogs is called

unconditioned response

Which option is the most valid criticism of Watson and Rayner's work with "little Albert"?

unethical

Dave's boss told him that he doesn't have to attend the company picnic (which everybody dislikes) if Dave meets his sales quota this month. Dave's boss is using ________.

(-) reinforment

corpus callosum

2 hemi connected by thick band of neural fibers that allows the L and R side to communicate.

chemical messangers of the nervous system are called

N.T

Messanger cells are

Neurons (in the nervous system)

In the operant conditioning techniques reinforcement and punishment, what do the terms positive and negative refer to?

Positive refers to a stimulus that is added and negative refers to a stimulus that is removed.

Gambling at a slot machine is an example of which reinforcement schedule?

Variable ratio

prefrotnal cortext

cog function

The salvation to the sound of the bell is the

conditioned response

The white rat is the

conditioned stimulus

Extinction occurs in classical conditioning by repeatedly presenting the _____.

conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus

limbic system contains hippoc, hypo and amygdala

contians smell and memory

Jaime is teaching her new puppy, Zeus, to "do his business" in the yard. Every time Zeus "does his business" in the yard, Jaime gives him a treat. What schedule of reinforcement is Jaime using?

continuous

The left side of brain allows

control of of right body and allows for memory's, attention and emotions.

Left and Right hemispheres that are together is called

corpus callosum

Neurons recieves messages from other neurons is called

dendrites

communication with in a neuron is

electrical

Natural chemical that blocks and and have pleasure effects is called------- and has the effect of "runners high"

endorphins

The ________ theory explains that the immediate associations involved in a conditioned taste aversion are a result of adaptation that helps us learn to avoid foods that are potentially harmful.

evolutionary

Vince is failing Chemistry. Halfway through the year, his teacher, Mr. Nye, pairs him up with Lisa. Vince has had a crush on Lisa since the seventh grade and he really wants to impress her. Mr. Nye is shocked; since getting paired up with Lisa, Vince has gotten every question right! Vince is demonstrating _____.

latent learning

In Pavlov's classical conditioning, the term conditioned is approximately synonymous with the word ________.

learned

What do psychologists call a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge that results from experience?

learning

was the first to describe classical conditioning.

Ivan pavolv

reflexes and predicts cause responses

Classical conditioning

What creates the myelin sheath

Glial cells

Learning first takes place with

acquisition

Which two concepts can be thought of as opposite processes within the classical conditioning model?

acquisition and extinction

epinephrine

adrenaline

Thalums

all senses but smell

Antipsychatic drugs block receptor sites for dopamine (decrease dop) are called

antagonists

Pupil and heart rate are an example of

autonomic nervous system

Action potential travels down the ------

axon

Which of the following is an example of instinct?

baby turning its head to suckle when its cheek is stroked

Objective science that states behavior without reference to mental processes is called

behaviorism

Contain ------------- that are in the nervous system

brain and spinal cord

commuincation between neurons is

chemical

Molly attempts to condition her puppy to greet her when she enters the house. She repeatedly pairs her entry to the house with a treat for the puppy. The puppy eventually acquires this ability, and Molly realizes how irritating it is for the puppy to run up to her every time she enters the house. She attempts to make the puppy stop, and eventually the puppy no longer feels motivated to greet her when she enters the house. The puppy no longer greeting her when she enters the house is an example of ________.

extiction

Polly used to feel sick from Mc because Polly associated with illness. After a few good meals she no longer feels nausea is an example of

extinction

Gus receives a paycheck at the end of every week. Which reinforcement schedule is this?

fixed interval

excitory N.T that makes an action potentional more likey to occur bc of the + ions is called

glutamate

N.T are less lkey to firer an action potential is called

inhibitory

Which experiment involves the use of classical conditioning?

knowing that a student fears exams, the instructor wears a bright red shirt only on exam day, every exam day, to see how long it is before the red shirt becomes an object of fear to the student

Learning that occurs but is not observable in behavior until there is a reason to demonstrate it is called ________ learning.

latent


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