Psychology Chapter 4

What occurs during stage 1 sleep? a. Both our respiration and heartbeat quicken. b. Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down. c. Our respiration quickens while our heartbeat slows down. d. Our respiration slows down while our heartbeat quickens.

Both our respiration and heartbeat slow down.

Matt is sleeping. His eyelids are quivering because his eyes are darting around. Matt is probably experiencing ________ sleep. a. night terrors b. non-REM c. NREM d. REM

REM

Melatonin release is stimulated by ________ and inhibited by ________. a. darkness; light b. light; darkness c. pulsing light; steady light d. twilight; gloom

darkness; light

Mona lives in North Carolina. She takes an overnight flight to California to visit with family for a month; when she arrives she is fatigued, sluggish, and irritable. For the next week or so she has trouble sleeping. Mona is probably suffering from ________. a. external circadian b. jet lag c. night terrors d. parasomnia

jet lag

Reggie is a 9-1-1 operator. When the blizzard began, he was told he would have to stay and work three extra shifts to cover for coworkers who were not able to drive to work through the storm. After 32 hours of exhausting work, he makes it home and discovers he is unable to fall asleep no matter how hard he tries. Reggie may be experiencing ________. a. electroencephalography b. K-complex stimulation c. lucid dreaming d. sleep rebound

sleep rebound

________ is one of a group of sleep disorders in which unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep play a role. a. insomnia b. NREM phase c. parasomnia d. REM phase

parasomnia

Sleepwalking is also referred to as ________. a. hypersomnia b. night terror c. restless leg syndrome d. somnambulism

somnambulism

Victoria has accumulated a large sleep debt. This means that she ________. a. falls asleep in the middle of the day b. sleeps more than 12 hours in a 24-hour period c. suffers from chronic sleep deprivation d. suffers from insomnia due to large amounts of debt

suffers from chronic sleep deprivation

How many of the five stages of sleep are considered NREM sleep? a. one b. two c. three d. four

four

Which of the following is a symptom of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD)? a. crying while asleep b. kicking and punching while asleep c. snoring while asleep d. talking while asleep

kicking and punching while asleep

Sleepwalking, night terrors, and restless leg syndrome are all examples of________. a. lucid dreaming b. parasomnias c. protoconsciousness d. somnambulism

parasomnias

Uncomfortable sensations in the leg during periods of inactivity are a symptom of ________ leg syndrome. a. agitated b. nervous c. restless

restless

People often report that they have not been asleep if they are awoken during stage ________ sleep. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

1

The ________ wave is characteristic of stage 1 sleep. a. alpha b. beta c. delta d. kappa

alpha

Obstructive sleep apnea occurs when ________. a. A disruption in signals that regulate breathing, which are sent from the brain, cause periods of interrupted breathing. b. An individual dreams she cannot breathe and wakes up in a panic. c. An individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep. d. Signals sent from the brain that regulate breathing are blocked in the hypothalamus.

an individual's airway becomes blocked during sleep

Bev likes to be up late at night and sleep in; Caleb likes to wake up with the sun and go. a. chromotropes b. chronologies c. chronotypes d. chromatins

chronotypes

The sleep cycle is an example of a(n) ________ rhythm. a. circadian b. external c. protoconscious d. stimulus

circadian

What can you do to realign your biological clock with the external world when you work a rotating shift? a. Expose yourself to bright light while working. b. Surround yourself with darkness while working. c. Take a break every hour to exercise for five minutes. d. Take regular naps throughout the day.

expose yourself to bright light while working

A theta wave is a type of ________. a. brain wave associated with critical thinking b. brain wave associated with sleep spindles c. low frequency, high amplitude brain wave d. low frequency, low amplitude brain wave

low frequency; high amplitude brain wave

Carol was driving to work when he suddenly felt paralyzed and couldn't resist falling asleep. Carol may have ________. a. a stroke b. damage to his K-complex c. narcolepsy

narcolepsy

Cataplexy is a symptom associated with ________. a. insomnia b. narcolepsy c. night terrors d. restless leg syndrome

narcolepsy

After David falls asleep he feels a sense of panic, screams, and attempts to escape from his room. Which parasomnia does David have? a. night terrors b. restless leg syndrome c. sleep apnea

night terrors

Consciousness describes our awareness of internal and external stimuli. a. true b. false

true

Examples of awareness of external stimuli include seeing the light from the sun, feeling the warmth of a room, and hearing the voice of a friend. a. True b. False

true

In what stage of sleep do sleep spindles appear? a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

2

Most people are awake during the day and asleep at night because their ________ cycles are aligned with the outside world. a. circadian b. external c. melatonin d. rhythm

circadian

Shyla experiences a long delay between the time that she goes to bed and the time that she actually falls asleep. In addition, she wakes up several times during the night and has difficulty getting back to sleep. To diagnose Shyla with insomnia, it is necessary that she experiences these symptoms________. a. at least three nights a week for one month b. even after taking medication c. every time she attempts to sleep d. three nights in a row

at least three nights a week for one month

Regular feelings of hunger are an example of a(n) ________ rhythm. a. axon b. biological c. heterostatic d. suprachiasmatic

biological

Sleep apnea is defined by ________. a. a sense of panic in the sufferer often accompanied by screams and attempts to escape b. episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops c. uncomfortable sensations in the legs during periods of inactivity or when trying to fall asleep d. unwanted, disruptive motor activity and/or experiences during sleep

episodes during which a sleeper's breathing stops