Psychology Chapter 7

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Joan is a ten year old with the mental age of twelve. according to stern, Joan's IQ is ____

creative intelligence

Mozart was a child prodigy. by the age of 12 he composed several music pieces. According to Sternberg's model of intelligence Mozart can be said to have demonstrated a high level of _____

displacement

Ryan is telling his grandchildren stories of his youth and college days. In the context of language, Ryan is demonstrating _____

naturalist intelligence

Susan has the ability to look at the moon and the stars at night and to develop insights into the laws that govern their behavior. In this context, Susan has _____

mental age

The _____ shows the intellectual level at which a child is functioning

heuristics

____ are rules of thumb that help us simplify and solve problems

analytical intelligence

____ enables us to solve problems and acquire new knowledge and it is the type of intelligence measured by standard intelligence tests

creativity

____ is the ability to generate novel and useful solutions to problems

displacement

____ is the capacity to communicate information about events and objects in another time or place

semancity

____ is the quality of language in which words are used as symbols for objects, events, or ideas

displacement

____ is the quality of language that permits one to communicate information about objects and events in another time and place

concept

_____ are mental categories used to group together objects, relations, events, abstractions, or qualities that have common properties

analogy

a ____ is a partial similarity among things that are different in other ways

mental set

a ____ is a tendency to respond to a new problem with the same approach that helped solve similar problems

psycholinguistic theory

according to ____ language acquisition involves the interaction of environmental influences

overregualtion

children between the ages of three and five incorrectly apply the rules of past tense and plural when they say "sitted" instead of "sat". This is known as _____

prototypes

children's _____ become refined after they are shown positive and negative instances and given examples

insight

in gestalt psychology a _____ is a sudden perception of relationships among elements of the mentally represented elements of a problem that permits its solution

language acquisition device

in psycholinguistic theory ______ neural "prewiring" that facilitates the child's learning of grammar

negative instance

pointing to a bird and saying "that is not a mammal" is a _____ of the mammal concept

nativist theory

the ____ of language development holds that the inborn factors - which make up children's nature - cause children to attend to and acquire language in certain ways

the linguistic-relativity hypothesis

the observation that infants display before they learn to speak offers little support to ____

infinite creativity

when a child combines words to form a sentence herself rather than imitate one she has heard before, she is demonstrating the _____ characteristic of language skills

holophrase

A _____ is a single word used by children to express complex meanings

model

Anna points to an object and tells her two year old what it is. the child then points and repeats label. according to social-cognitive perspective, Anna serves as a _____ for her child to acquire language skills

general intelligence

Christopher has good skills many areas of problem solving and reasoning ability. according to Spearman, Christopher's abilities are indicative of _____

mental age

Daniel is an eight year old boy. after taking a test, the Binet-Simon scale showed that he is functioning intellectually like an eight year old therefore Daniel has a ____ of eight.

divergent thinking

In ____ the problem solver associates freely to the elements of the problem, allowing "leads" to run a nearly limitless course