Psychology Exam 4 Study Guide

Scarlet, who has schizophrenia, believes that she was sent by God to one day rule the university. Her belief is an example of a...

Delusion.

Anxiety Disorders

Disorders are characterized by excessive and persistent fear and anxiety and by related disturbances in behavior.

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders?

Excessive, persistent fear and anxiety.

What symptoms of schizophrenia do anti-psychotic drugs treat?

Hallucinations, delusions, and bizarre behavior.

Modeling

Has been used successfully in helping children who have a fear of going to the dentist, social withdrawal, obsessive-compulsive behaviors, and phobias.

Winnie the Pooh is diagnosed with a Binge Eating Disorder. Why isn't he diagnosed with Bulimia Nervosa?

He does not attempt to compensate later for the large amounts of honey (food) consumed.

Which of the following statements about psychoanalysis is false?

It focuses on biological explanations for behavior.

Psychotherapy

Therapy that involves talking things out with a trained and educated professional.

What is the goal of humanistic therapy?

To help people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves.

What is the goal of systematic desensitization?

To relax individuals in the presence of a feared object or situation.

A client at a youth treatment center is rewarded for improved grooming habits with coupons he can exchange for special foods or weekend passes. This technique is called...

Token economy.

Which of the following is/are risk factors associated with the development of PTSD following a traumatic event?

Traumatic stress experience. Other subsequent life stressful experiences. Lack of immediate social support.

Group Therapy

Treatment modality that involves 5-10 people with the same issue or concern meeting together with a trained clinician.

Person-Centered Therapy

Type of therapy that emphasizes people's potential for growth and the importance of an empathetic therapist.

Biomedical Therapy

Type of therapy that uses biological treatments to change behavior. These approaches include medication, surgical methods, and electrical shock treatments.

Electroconvulsive Therapy

A treatment for severe depression in which an electric shock is delivered to the patient, resulting in a seizure of the body and the release of a flood of neurotransmitters in the brain.

Felicia is a serious ballerina who watches her caloric intake. She knows that she is below ideal weight but is afraid of being obese. Felicia is preoccupied with food and exercised frequently.. In addition to a preoccupation with food and burning calories, she has also stopped menstruating. Her behaviors suggest that she might be suffering from _________.

Anorexia nervosa.

A person who has no regard for other people and may willingly cause harm to others for personal benefit is possibly experiencing...

Antisocial personality disorder.

Agoraphobia

Anxiety disorder that you fear and avoid places or situations which might cause you panic.

A panic disorder is a type of _________ disorder characterized by panic attacks, along with at least one month of worry about panic attacks or self-defeating behavior related to the attacks.

Anxiety.

Egon can't pay attention in class. He is easily distracted, won't sit still, and displays poor impulse control. The school counselor suggested that his parents take him to a doctor to have him assessed for...

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Every time Jarrad opens his cigarette case or uses his lighter, he gets a painful electric shock. Jarrad's friends and family have been asked not to give him any cigarettes or light any cigarettes for him, so he must use his own lighter if he wants to smoke. Eventually, Jarrad loses his desire to smoke, thanks to...

Aversion therapy.

Renzo's therapist helps him learn to overcome his fear of dogs through several stages of relaxation techniques. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

Behavior therapy.

Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of...

Being outside the home alone.

The __________ model of mental illness explains that disorders such as anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia are caused by chemical imbalances, genetic problems, brain damage or dysfunction, or some combination of those causes.

Biological.

Lulu sees a professional once a month to manage the medication she is taking to help alleviate the symptoms of her anxiety disorder. The type of therapy Lulu is undergoing is called...

Biomedical therapy.

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Childhood disorder characterized by deficits in social interaction and communication and repetitive patterns of behavior or interests.

Which group is play therapy often used to treat?

Children.

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America.

Humanistic therapy is also called _________ therapy.

Client-centered.

Which of the following factors does not strongly predict the development of posttraumatic stress disorder?

Experiencing trauma in isolation.

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of autism spectrum disorder?

Gemma exhibits deficits in social interaction by not initiating conversations with other children, and she turns her head away when spoken to.

During dream analysis, Freud would interpret __________ of the dream refers to be the hidden, symbolic meaning of the dream, which, if correctly interpreted, reveals the unconscious conflicts that created the nervous disorder.

Latent content.

Janice is in the middle of a distinct period of an abnormally and persistently elevated mood. In the last week she has cleaned her house from top to bottom (breaking windows and dishes in the process), bought a new car that she can't afford, and dug up most of her yard in case she might want a garden next year. Janice is experiencing...

Mania.

People with behaviors similar to the evil queen may experience __________ due to their inflated sense of self importance, obsession with self, lack of empathy for others, and a deep need for admiration.

Narcissistic personality disorder.

Like the White Rabbit, a person with has unreasonable thoughts and fears that lead to excessive and repetitive behaviors.

Obsessive compulsive disorder.

Jeff is an unforgiving perfectionist who would rather deliver work a week late than turn in a project with even minor mistakes. In fact, he spends so much time working that he never has time for anything else. Jeff is known to be rigid, inflexible, and stubborn, and he never compromises. Which of the following diagnoses accounts for Jeff's personality?

Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.

People with __________ disorders experience thoughts and urges that are intrusive and unwanted and/or the need to engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts.

Obsessive-compulsive.

Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a...

Phobia.

Harlow is eight years old. She sees Dr. Gardener every Friday at 11:00 a.m. Their sessions involve Dr. Gardener watching Harlow interact with stuffed animals and other toys. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

Play therapy.

In medieval times, abnormal behaviors were viewed as a sign that a person was...

Possessed by demons.

Cordelia, an active duty marine, served in Afghanistan. While she was on patrol with her friend, an IED went off, killing her friend and injuring her. In the two months since her friend died, Cordelia has been jumpy, irritable, avoids talking about her friend, and once every few days experiences a flashback to the explosion. Cordelia is experiencing a __________ disorder.

Post traumatic stress.

After returning from the Iraq war, Billy was plagued by nightmares about ground attacks. He also has difficulties focusing and maintaining relationships due to reliving his military experiences, Billy might have...

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Elena is attending mandatory therapy sessions. Her doctor just wants her to talk about her childhood. What kind of psychotherapeutic orientation does this exemplify?

Psychodynamic psychotherapy.

Schizophrenia

Psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior.

Schizophrenia is considered a __________ disorder.

Psychotic.

Confidentiality

Refers to the fact that the therapist cannot disclose private communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so.

Tiffany is unwilling to discuss certain topics during free association. What term would a psychoanalyst use to describe this behavior?

Resistance.

Veena's thoughts, perceptions, and behaviors are impaired to the point where she is unable to function normally in life. She experiences significant difficulties in many day-to-day activities, such as holding a job, paying bills, grooming, maintaining personal hygiene, and sustaining relationships. Which of the following disorders is Veena living with?

Schizophrenia.

Electroconvulsive therapy is effective in alleviating symptoms for people with...

Severe depression who have not responded to traditional drug therapy.

The virtual reality treatment shown in the video is a good example of what type of treatment discussed in your textbook?

Systematic Desensitization.

Dr. Duncan is a therapist who works with men accused of domestic violence. Although it is difficult, she does her best to be non- judgmental during therapy sessions. Which aspect of client-centered therapy is this?

Unconditional positive regard.