psychology exam

What do psychologists mean when they talk about "resilience"?

A person's ability to adapt to challenges or recover from difficulty

Prejudice is which of the following?

A)A generalization about a particular group that does not consider variation between individuals B)An organized body of information stored in memory that biases the way new information is interpreted, stored, and recalled C)An attitude directed toward an individual based on their membership in a particular group D)An unjustified negative attitude or a positive attitude toward an individual based on his or her group membership ANSWER:D

The three most common eating disorders are which of the following?

A)Anorexia nervosa B)Bulimia nervosa C)Binge eating D)Purge eating ANSWERS:A,B,C

_____ disorder is characterized by anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away and/or urges to perform repetitive behaviors to prevent or produce some future outcome.

A)Dissociative identity B)Antisocial personality C)Obsessive-compulsive D)Bipolar ANSWER: C

The acronym for electroconvulsive therapy is

A)ET B)ETC C)ECT D)ELECT ANSWER:ECT

Which of the following is the best example of "nature" in the context of the nature-nurture influence?

A)Family dynamics B)Biological inheritance C)Neighborhood quality D)Schooling ANSWER: B

Altruism is which of the following?

A)Giving in to the request of another person B)Giving aid to another person, even if it incurs a cost to oneself C)Giving to another person to ensure reciprocity D)Adhering to social norms of expected behavior ANSWER:B

Which of the following apply to the concept of gender? (Select all that apply.)

A)It refers to social aspects of being male or female. B)It refers to psychological aspects of being male or female. C)It is complex. D)The term gender is synonymous with the term sex. ANSWER: A,B,C

A therapist who uses the technique of reflective speech does which of the following?

A)Mirrors the clients' own feelings back to them B)Reflects on what patients have said C)Makes patients repeat positive statements about themselves D)Provides insight into patients' unconscious thoughts ANSWER:A

The pleasure principle is most closely tied to which of the following?

A)Superego B)Id C)Collective unconscious D)Ego ANSWER: B

Which is true in regard to anxiety disorders, according to the DSM-5?

A)There is only one basic type of anxiety disorder. B)There are an unlimited number of anxiety disorders. C)There are 12 types of anxiety disorders. D)There are eight types of anxiety disorders. ANSWERS:C

A mental illness that affects or is manifested in a person's brain and can affect the way the individual thinks, behaves, and interacts with others is known by the the American Psychiatric Association as _____.

A)an abnormality B)a disorder C)unusual D)deviant ANSWER: A

It is quite possible that we are unaware of the many _____ lives that are being lived by individuals who have psychological disorders.

A)good B)terrifying C)difficult ANSWER:A

Problem-solving skills and the ability to adapt to and learn from life's everyday experiences is known as _____.

A)intelligence B)expertise C)mindfulness D)creativity ANSWER: A

In group therapy, several unrelated people meet with a _____ to discuss some aspect of their psychological functioning.

A)neighbor B)therapist C)friend D)nurse ANSWER: B

(BLANK) is the term for meaningless speechlike sounds uttered by infants.

Babbling

During the week, Zack eats healthily and watches his caloric intake. On the weekends, Zack eats large amounts of food and feels out of control. Zack is exhibiting (BLANK) eating disorder

Binge

Bonnie has been diagnosed with a personality disorder. Her sense of self is unstable, and she is often irritable and unpredictable. Which of the following personality disorders best describes Bonnie?

Borderline

(BLANK) nervosa is to binging and purging as anorexia nervosa is to self-starvation.

Bulimia

(BLANK) occurs when a single sperm cell from the male penetrates the female's ovum.

CONCEPTION

The field of psychology that focuses on the integration of science and theory to prevent and treat psychological disorders is?psychology.

Clinical

The most common form of biomedical therapy is _____.

Drug Therapy

(BLANK) therapists meet with the all members of this group so that they can speak freely for the therapist to see how they interact.

Family

The "pseudo-patient" study by David Rosenhan was a classic study that illustrated which of the following?

How labels can be hard to remove once they are applied

Andrea has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. She has a persistent delusion that she is the Virgin Mary. What is the best description for her delusion?

It is a positive symptom.

Being alert and mentally present for one's everyday activities is known as which of the following?

Mindfulness

What type of psychological service provider has an MD, postgraduate training in abnormal behavior, and the ability to prescribe medication for psychological disorders?

Psychiatrist

(BLANK) identity is a way individuals define themselves in terms of their group membership.

SOCIAL

Anorexia nervosa is much more common in girls and women than boys and men.

True

True or false: A culturally competent therapist demonstrates respect for the client's cultural beliefs and practices while balancing therapeutic goals.

True

True or false: Bipolar disorder is a mood disorder that is characterized by extreme mood swings.

True

True or false: Cognitive treatment works to change behavior or feelings by changing thoughts.

True

Which of Erikson's stages occurs in infancy and involves feeling a sense of assurance toward one's caregiver?

Trust versus mistrust

Observational learning occurs when _____.

an individual learns the consequences of a response without experiencing the consequence directly

Marc is receiving outpatient treatment while living at home rather than receiving services at an inpatient hospital. This is reflective of the (blank) (BLANK) (BLANK) movement

community mental health

Alfred Adler believed that people are primarily motivated to achieve perfection, not find pleasure. His approach is known as _____ psychology.

individual

Four-year-old Sam is asked if it's acceptable to take another child's toy. Sam replies, "No, because Mom will get mad." By focusing only on the threat of punishment and not on the other child's rights or general rules about playing with others, Sam shows that he is in Kohlberg's _____ stage of moral development.

preconventional

Dr. Salzano is showing infants pictures of their parents and of strangers. He wants to know if the babies will consistently look at their parents rather than look at the two pictures equally. Dr. Salzano is using the _____ technique.

preferential looking

The mental activity of transforming information to reach conclusions is known as .?This activity is involved in problem solving and decision making.

reasoning

Ivan is undergoing psychodynamic therapy. He is frequently late for therapy sessions. He sometimes argues with his therapist and may speak endlessly about trivial matters. His therapist describes this as (BLANK)

resistance

The (blank) -(blank) support group is conducted by a paraprofessional or a member of a common-interest group.

self-help

Marie's dorm room is a total mess, and Marie is so overwhelmed, she doesn't know how to fix it. Marie's older sister tells her to start by putting dirty clothes in the hamper and folding the clean ones, and then to move on to putting away books and papers. Marie's sister is using _____ to help Marie solve her problem.

subgoals

The _____ perspective views personality as a collection of broad, enduring dispositions that lead to characteristic behaviors.

trait

True or false: According to the humanistic approach, psychological distress is experienced when there are discrepancies between people's experiences and their self-concepts.

true

A test (such as an IQ test) that accurately measures what it is intended to measure is highly (blank)

vaild