Psychology of Adjustment- Chapter 1 test

Which of the following is the basic premise of adaptation level theory ?

After experiencing a significant life event , we tend to eventually revert back to our earlier outlook .

Suppose Suzy is normally a very negative , unhappy person . Then , she buys a winning lottery ticket where she wins two million dollars ! Which of the following scenarios is MOST likely to occur ?

After initially becoming a more positive person she will eventually return to her unhappy self

___ can allow one to manage stress.

Both internal and external resources

___ psychology is especially concerned with the issue of mental health and disease.

Clinical

___ psychology considers how we change over our lives.

Developmental

Which of the following is true of the person-situation debate

It has largely been resolved such that personality and social factors are both equally important in understanding behavior.

___ defines how our life unfolds over the years.

Life course

Which of the following does NOT illustrate behavior ?

Mary is playing outside with her friends .

Which of the following statements about age and life experience is FALSE ?

Our age necessarily determines our life experience .

___ involves trying to purposefully change a stressful situation.

Planful problem-solving

___-focused coping involves trying to change to source of one's demands.

Problem

___ is the process of discussing aspects of the self to others.

Self-disclosure

___ Psychology explores how social and environmental factors affect our lives.

Social

Which of the following is a current example of how new issues in adjustment and coping develop?

The rise of the Internet

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

While we cannot control all events that we may experience in life, we can control our reactions to them.

The start of the new millennium has been called " The Decade From Hell " by some due to _______.

a . terrorism b. environmental disasters c. economic crises d . all of the above

Some argue that an adjustment disorder truly represents ___.

a form of life transition

Which of the following is true of feeling sad?

a. It is a sign of mental illness. b. It can be either A or B. c. It is perfectly normal. d. It has no bearing on our well-being.

Which of the following statements about adjustment is TRUE?

a. It is an ongoing process. b. It depends on several factors. c. It continues to explore new avenues of research. d. All of the above.

Suppose "Person A" believes that we have to adjust with events that are anticipated whereas "Person B" believes that many events are unexpected. Which "Person" is correct (if either)?

a. Person A b. Both c. Person B d. Neither

In terms of understanding adjustment versus coping with an event, what do some argue?

a. They are the same basic process. b. Adjustment can be used to understand coping or vice-versa. c. Coping occurs when faced with a life challenge . d. All of the above

Which of the following can self-disclosure in the classroom produce?

a. a potential for lack of support from others b. a lack of guarantee of confidentiality c. a break in the "secrecy conspiracy" d. all of the above

Developmental psychologists are typically interested in studying ___ changes.

a. biological b. social c. intellectual d. all of the above

The biopsychosocial approach to health emphasized an interplay of ___ factors.

a. biological b. social c. psychological d. all of the above

_________are a part of life .

a. negative events b. challenges c. tragedies d. all the above

Stress can pose a threat to ___.

a. our physical well-being b. both A and B c. our psychological well-being d. neither A nor B

In the past, some have viewed the psychology of adjustment as synonymous with ___.

a. personal growth b. "taking charge" of one's life. c. basic themes of general psychology d. all of the above

Health psychology aims to ___.

a. promote physical health b. treat and prevent illness c. promote mental health d. do all of the above

Adjustment has been viewed as a way of assessing ___.

a. psychological functioning b. well-being c. happiness d. all of the above

An adjustment disorder may be classified by dysfunctions in ___ functioning.

a. social b. occupational c. academic d. all of the above

If you cope with a situation by saying "I make a promise to myself that things will be different next time," then you are likely showing the technique known as ___.

accepting responsibility

We study mental processes in order to understand our __________.

actions

The fact that humans are usually able to rebound after a crisis is generally ______.

adaptive

Joe refuses to accept the fact that he has had his salary significantly reduced This is probably due to ________.

an optimistic bias

Our ability to engage in abstract thought allows for ___.

analysis of complex problems

What does the WCQ do?

assesses coping methods

Psychology is fundamentally about the study of ________.

behavior and mental processes

Traits have all of the following elements EXCEPT ___.

being fleeting

The fact that the field of psychological adjustment pertains to many "real world" phenomena highlights its ___ nature.

biased.

The psychology of adjustment is LEAST likely to highlight to highlight research from ___ psychology.

biological

The study of adjustment has relevance for

both our well - being and our mental health

Constant change occurs with respect to ____________.

both our worlds and selves

A major loss should include ___ markers.

both subjective and objective

A layperson likely has a ___ psychologist in mind when they think of a "psychologist."

clinical

The Robber's Cave experiment highlighted ways to ___.

combat prejudiced.

A superordinate goal can be viewed as one that is ___ between groups.

common

Mary is frustrated with her boss' poor treatment of her. As such, she has clearly voiced her displeasure to him. Her response to this situation would be described as ___.

confrontive coping

To what does homeostasis refer ?

constant environment in the body

We are ___ when we try to manage self-perceived stressful experiences.

coping

The transactional perspective of coping emphasizes ___.

coping as a process

Someone who is "well-adjusted" is often viewed as ___.

coping well

Distancing tends to presume a sense of ___.

detachment

Perfectionism is associated with all of the following EXCEPT ___.

enduring success

Shelly is very concerned about her mother's pending surgery. By simply hoping for a miracle, she is showing ___.

escape-avoidance

Research on adjustment and coping can best be described as ___.

ever-changing

For those who make a distinction between adjustment and coping, the analogy that adjustment is to coping as ___ would hold true.

everyday is to challenge

Which of the following is an example of a life concern that an elementary age student and a college student might share ? SUP

forging good relationships with peers

Jobs and situations with ___ demands and ___ control tend to be especially stressful.

high; low

What does the experience of victimization highlight in particular?

how not all adverse events are the same in terms of their net impact on individuals

The theme growth is especially associated with the ________ tradition.

humanistic

When was the " War on Terrorism " first described as a " war that knows no boundaries " by Time Magazine ? _

in the 1970s

If you are experiencing cognitive dissonance, then you likely have ___.

inconsistent thoughts and behaviors

High exposure to news media tends to have the effect of __________.

increasing perceptions of threat

Scholarship that is ___ draws from many different fields

interdisciplinary

Adjustment is MOST indicative of ________.

life change

The fact that many Gulf Coast residents did little to prepare for subsequent hurricanes after living through Hurricane Katrina is likely due to ___________.

magical thinking

A "negative" event _______ have positive outcomes for an individual.

may

After coping with a difficult situation, one ___feels better about oneself or one's situation.

may

A major loss should necessarily involve a decrease in a resource ___.

of any kind

Issues from the past_________ have relevance for today

often

Fundamentally, successful coping involves having ___.

one's resources greater than one's demands

Perhaps the most important factor behind happiness is ___.

our close relationships

Internal resources are to external resources as ___.

personal is to outside

Those who view adjustment as a(n) ___ consider it to be an ongoing process.

personal transition

Personal characteristics that impact our beliefs and behaviors defines ___.

personality

The "third generation" view of coping emphasizes ____.

personality traits

The fact that our bodies can only handle so much stress speaks to the restraints of our _______.

physiology

Despite losing his house and a decline in his health, Merv is trying to focus on all of the aspects of his life that are going well. In doing so, he is likely showing ___.

positive reappraisal

Adjustment can be viewed as a(n) ______ in the sense that certain steps may be taken to deal with a situation.

process

Freud forwarded a ___ view of coping

psychodynamic

mental health . The study of how change can impact our mental health and well - being defines

psychological adjustment

Which of the following terms is NOT consistent with the others?

psychological well-being

Another term for abnormal psychology is ___.

psychopathology

Clinical psychology has two broad divisions known as ___.

psychopathology and psychotherapy

An ability to bounce back and thrive after adversity is called ___.

resilience

A reason why someone may feel stressed is due to a lack of ___.

resources

The study of psychological adjustment fundamentally emphasizes a(n) ___ perspective.

scientific

A group of parents are quite nervous about an upcoming school football game. However, one father, Tim, refuses to get "too serious" about it. It appears that Tim is using a(n) ___ method of coping.

self-control

All of the following are problem-focused coping methods EXCEPT ___.

self-control

Dr. Ryers is specifically interested in studying how individuals think others think about them. As such, he probably is especially interested in studying ___.

social cognition

The two broad categories of social psychology are ___.

social cognition and interpersonal influence

The role and nature of groups and societies is particularly highlighted in the field of ___.

sociology

Arguably, health psychology research on the issue of ___ is most central to the field of adjustment.

stress and coping

What does Piaget's model of cognitive development primarily examine?

the cognitive development of children

All of the following are personal factors that can influence adjustment EXCEPT ___.

the quality of social support

Annie believes that whenever she speaks "everyone" will judge her. As such, her views might be MOST reflective of ___.

the spotlight effect

Interpersonal influence can include all of the following EXCEPT for how we ___ others.

think about

Cognition specifically refers to our ___.

thoughts

Ultimately, the question of whether one is adjusting to versus coping with an event is ___ to define.

tricky

Freud stressed the importance of ___ processes.

unconscious