Public Speaking Chapter 5, 6 & 15

Clustering Brainstorming

A group of the same or similar elements gathered or occurring closely together.

Informative Speech

A speech designed to convey knowledge. Examples are lectures, describing an object, showing how something works and reporting an event.

General Criteria of an Informative Speech 1

Accuracy

Speech about Objects

Anything that is visible and stable in form. Oprah's world transformation.

Auditory Perception

Audience only absorbs information that is interesting to them and disregard other information. EGOCENTRIC.

Audience adaptation after the speech

Be prepared when something goes wrong.

General Criteria of an Informative Speech 2

Clarity

Speech about Concepts

Democracy, capitalism, communism, Confucianism, net neutrality.

Guidelines for Informative Speaking 2

Don't be too technical, avoid abstractions, personalize your ideas, and be creative.

Guidelines for Informative Speaking 1

Don't overestimate what the audience knows, and relate the subject directly to the audience.

Speech about Events

Fashion Week, Met Gala, Presidential Election, Kate Middleton and Prince William's Wedding.

Step 2: Demographic Audience Analysis

Gauge the importance of those features to a particular speaking situations.

Personal Inventory Brainstorming

Generating topics form experiences, interests, hobbies, skills, etc.

Speech about Process

How something is made, done, or how it works.

Audience Adaption before the Speech

How the audience is likely responding to what you're saying and then adjusting what you say to make it more clear.

Step 1: Demographic Audience Analysis

Identify the general demographic features.

General Criteria of an Informative Speech 3

Meaningfulness and Interest

Ways to know about the audience

Observation and asking through contacts.

Selecting a topic

Occasions, audience, and qualifications. Also should be about subjects you know or you want to know more about.

Open-ended Questions

Questions that allow respondents to answer however they want.

Fixed-Alternative Questions

Questions that offer a fixed choice between two or more alternatives.

Scale Questions

Require a response at fixed interval along a scale of answers.

Situational Audience Analysis

Size of audience, physical setting (time and place where you give your speech), and disposition of the audience (towards the topic, speaker, and occasion)

Phrasing a Central Idea

Thesis

Audience-Centeredness

Trying to gain a desired result from the audience.

Residual Message

What a speaker wants the audience to remember after it has forgotten everything else.

Specific Purpose

What do you hope to achieve from the speech. Always as a full infinitive phrase. Not vague.

Audience-Centeredness Questions

Who are you speaking to? What do I want them to know? The background of the audience?