PY201: CH12

Henry is juror number four in a murder trial. He believes the accused is guilty, but when the jurors vote it becomes clear he is the only one that thinks this way. Henry votes not guilty along with the other jurors despite what he sees as evidence clearly indicating guilt. This is an example of the ________ effect.

Asch

Which statement about groupthink is correct?

Group members modify their opinions to match what they believe is the group consensus.

________ is the strengthening of an original group attitude after the discussion of views within a group.

Group polarization

What is the main point of the textbook discussion of Milgram's obedience study?

Individuals will obey authority to the point of potentially causing serious harm to another person.

Which of the following is an example of a self-serving bias?

Leonard attributes earning a good grade in his psychology class to the fact that he is an exceptionally hard working student who is also incredibly smart. He blames the poor grade he received in his sociology class on having a bad teacher who gave hard exams.

What is the main point of the quizmaster study?

People will overlook obvious situational influences on behavior.

The behavior of soldiers who abused prisoners at the Abu Ghraib facility during the Iraq war was predicted by the Stanford Prison Experiment that was overseen by social psychologist ________.

Philip Zimbardo

According to the frustration aggression theory, which of the following is likely to occur when Simon gets frustrated with his toilet training?

Simon bites his mother

Which of the following is the best example of peripheral route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that rely on celebrity spokespeople advocating for reduction in cigarette use

Which of the following is the best example of central route persuasion?

anti-smoking advertisements that use charts and graphs to show how many people die from smoking-related causes each year

Why are girls more likely than boys to be victims of cyberbullying?

because it is a less direct and nonphysical form of bullying

In Stanley Milgram's obedience research, the person playing the part of the "learner" was an accomplice, or ________, of the experiment. He was aware of the true purpose of the research, was never shocked, and was acting according to Milgramâ s instructions.

confederate

Fantasia believes that people with blue eyes are somehow more creative than other people. Whenever Fantasia encounters a person that has blue eyes and is creative, she places greater importance on this evidence supporting her already existing belief. At the same time, Fantasia ignores any evidence that people without blue eyes might display exceptional creativity. This is called a(n) ________.

confirmation bias

Ashley and Mikhail share their intimate thoughts and emotions, are physically attracted to each other and have an active and satisfying sex life, and are each deeply committed to supporting each other. They share ________ love.

consummate

Suppose you are walking down a street. A woman has fallen down, but because there are so many people around it does not occur to you that you should help. You just assume someone else is about to help her and keep walking. This is an example of ________.

diffusion of responsibility

The field of social psychology studies topics at the intrapersonal level. These topics include ________.

emotions and attitudes, the self, and social cognition

Which type of persuasion approach involves encouraging a person to agree to a small favor or to buy a small item, only to later request a larger favor or purchase of a larger item?

foot-in-the-door technique

Which of the following is the best example of the foot-in-the-door technique of persuasion?

getting your parents to agree to cut their smoking down by a few cigarettes, then asking them to quit altogether

Jasmin belongs to the chess club on her campus. She prefers to associate with other members of the chess club while avoiding people that do not belong to this group. She thinks that those who do not play chess must be less intelligent than those who do, and thus she doesnâ t want to spend time with them. Jasmin has a(n) ________ bias.

in-group

During the international coronavirus pandemic, many people began acting aggressively toward individuals of Chinese descent, blaming them for the virus even though most of those people had lived in the United States for their entire lives. Those Chinese-Americans were the victim of a process called ________.

scapegoating

Which of the following strategies would effectively prevent groupthink from occurring?

seeking outside opinions on group decisions

What was the main conclusion drawn from the Stanford prison experiment?

social roles are powerful determinants of human behavior

What is a main feature of the jigsaw classroom?

students work together with others who are of different racial backgrounds or different ability sets

During which kind of situation might a person be most likely to yield to the effects of informational social influence?

when the correct choice is unclear

Kara gets an F on her social psychology exam. Then she goes home and gets into an argument with her roommate, Lee. Lee assumes Kara is yelling at him because she is just a nasty person, and does not consider that she may just have had a bad day and is venting. Lee is demonstrating ________.

the fundamental attribution error