Q1 Essential Science Vocabulary

Electrons

negatively charged subatomic particle found outside of the nucleus of the atom

Products

new substances formed in a chemical reaction and that they are located on the right side of the arrow in a chemical equation.

Heterogeneous Mixture

not uniform throughout, the component substances can be visibly distinguished

Chemical Symbol

one or two letter abbreviation derived from the element's name.

Acid

pH of less than 7

Base

pH of more than 7

Mixture

physical combinations of two or more different substances that retain their own individual properties and are combined physically (mixed together)

Protons

positive subatomic particle found in the nucleus of an atom.

Compound

pure substances that are composed of two or more types of elements that are chemically combined

Periodic table

quick reference for associating the name and symbol of an element.

Chemical change

result in the formation of one or more new substances with new chemical and physical properties

pH scale

scale used to classify solutions

Atom

smallest particle in a chemical element or compound that has the chemical properties of that element.

Precipitate

solid substance formed when two solutions are chemically combined.

Neutrons

subatomic particle with no charge (neutral) found in the nucleus of the atom.

Catalyst

substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction

Reactants

substances broken apart or combined in a chemical reaction and that they are located on the left side of the arrow in a chemical equation

Reactivity

tendency of a substance to undergo chemical changes

Homogeneous Mixture

uniform throughout, the substances are evenly mixed and cannot be visibly distinguished

Chemical properties

be recognized only when substances react or do not react chemically with one another, that is, when they undergo a change in composition.

Physical properties

can be observed and measured without changing the kind of matter being studied.

Chemical Formula

constructed from the symbols of the elements composing the substance.

Physical change

do not change the composition of a substance, only the physical properties

Metal

elements with similar properties found on the left side of the "staircase" on the periodic table

Nonmetal

elements with similar properties found on the right side of the "staircase" on the periodic table

Metalloid

elements with similar properties that create a "staircase" on the periodic table

Element

Simplest form of a pure substance that cannot be broken into anything else by physical or chemical means.

Conductivity

ability of a material to conduct electricity or heat

Solubility

ability to dissolve in a liquid

Law of conservation of mass

amount of matter does not change during a chemical reaction, only that the atoms are rearranged to form new substances. This is evidenced in a balanced chemical equation.