questions related to cancer

A client is receiving busulfan (Myleran). The nurse would notify the physician regarding which assessment finding? 1. Persistent nonproductive, dry cough 2. Hemoglobin 13 g/dL, hematocrit 38% 3. Nausea and vomiting 4. Low serum uric acid

1. Persistent nonproductive, dry cough

A client is being referred to the hospice nurse for care. The nurse explains to the client and the family that the primary goal of hospice differs from the goal of traditional care in what way? Hospice care: 1. Provides support to the family and to the client with a terminal illness 2. Is delivered only at home, so that no extraordinary means are initiated to prolong life 3. Provides a Medicare-supported pain regimen so pain medications are affordable 4. More readily recognizes advance directives related to the "right to die"

1. Provides support to the family and to the client with a terminal illness

The nurse is reviewing the chart of a client who recently had a cervical biopsy. The test results indicate Tis, N0, M0. How will the nurse interpret this information? 1. The cancer is "in situ," which means it is localized and not invasive at this time. 2. The origin of the cancer is probably in the uterus and further testing will be necessary. 3. The lymph nodes are involved and the presence of distant metastasis cannot be determined. 4. There is no cancer present, the tissue was normal.

1. The cancer is "in situ," which means it is localized and not invasive at this time.

A client has developed stomatitis while receiving chemotherapy. What would be an appropriate intervention to suggest for the pain associated with the stomatitis? 1. Use lemon-flavored glycerin swabs. 2. Apply antacid coating solutions and viscous lidocaine. 3. Brush oral plaques off with a soft toothbrush. 4. Have client swish mouth with a weak hydrogen peroxide soluti

2. Apply antacid coating solutions and viscous lidocaine.

The nurse receives report on assigned clients. One client is reported to be at the nadir for his cancer chemotherapy. How will this affect the nursing care plan? 1. Implement bleeding precautions. 2. Reinforce measures and teaching regarding preventing infections. 3. Anticipate nutritional problems caused by nausea and vomiting. 4. Assess for problems with fluid balance.

2. Reinforce measures and teaching regarding preventing infections.

The nurse is assessing a client after beginning external radiation. What is a nursing observation that confirms the presence of early side effects of the radiation? 1. A gradual weight loss and GI disturbances 2. Skin erythema followed by dry desquamation 3. Vertigo when sitting up quickly 4. Excoriation and blisters on the affected skin

2. Skin erythema followed by dry desquamation

A client is going to begin external radiation therapy for his lung cancer. Which comment by the client would indicate to the nurse the need for additional teaching? 1."I will shower with a mild soap and check my skin for areas of redness." 2."I am looking forward to swimming laps again for my exercise." 3."I am going to eat small meals and increase the protein and fiber in my diet." 4."I will use only unscented emollient creams to the dry skin areas on my chest."

2."I am looking forward to swimming laps again for my exercise."

What is a common side effect of radiation therapy that is not associated with the effect of radiation in the treatment field? 1. Reddened skin 2. Bone marrow suppression 3. Fatigue 4. GI disturbances

3. Fatigue

The nurse is evaluating a central venous line before administering the client's chemotherapy. What observation would cause the nurse the most concern? 1. Nurse is unable to withdraw blood into line. 2. Dressing was changed 24 hours ago. 3. Inflammation and exudate are present at the insertion site. 4. Fluid infusing is D5W and 0.45% normal saline.

3. Inflammation and exudate are present at the insertion site.

The nurse understands what major difference between benign and malignant tumors? Malignant tumors: 1. Are encapsulated and immovable 2. Grow at a faster rate than benign tumors do 3. Invade adjacent tissue and metastasize 4. Cause death, whereas benign tumors do not

3. Invade adjacent tissue and metastasize

A client asks the nurse why he has to take several chemotherapy agents at the same time. The nurse's response would be based on which principle? 1.The more medications that can be given together, the shorter the treatment period. 2.The cost is decreased because the medications are administered at the same time. 3. Multiple medications given together will attack the cancer cells at different levels. 4. One medication will interact with another to reduce incidence of side effects.

3. Multiple medications given together will attack the cancer cells at different levels.

Combined therapy of radiation and chemotherapy can have a significant therapeutic impact on the survival of an individual with cancer. The nursing priority for these clients includes measures to: 1. Monitor for acute renal tubular necrosis 2. Control nausea and vomiting 3. Prevent infection 4. Maintain hydration and nutrition

3. Prevent infection

A client is receiving chemotherapy with several antineoplastic agents. Which nursing observation is considered a common side effect of chemotherapy? 1. Slow, slurred speech 2. Increased leukocytes on complete blood count 3. Stomatitis and oral ulcers 4. Sinus dysrhythmias with bradycardia

3. Stomatitis and oral ulcers

The nurse is caring for a client who is being treated with chemotherapy for his lung cancer. The client has had two treatments in the last 2 days, and the nurse notes hyperkalemia and hyperuricemia on the latest serum lab values. The nurse understands that these are symptoms of: 1. Third-space syndrome 2. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone 3. Tumor lysis syndrome 4. Parathyroid deficiency

3. Tumor lysis syndrome

What is an important aspect of client teaching regarding external radiation therapy? 1. Remain isolated after treatments. 2. Fast before the treatment. 3. Schedule treatments monthly. 4. Leave skin markings between treatments.

4. Leave skin markings between treatments.

What are the nursing interventions regarding care of a client with a vaginal radium implant? 1. Clamp and drain the urinary retention catheter. 2. Provide a high-residue diet. 3. Place the client in a semiprivate room. 4. Raise the head of the bed no more than 20 degrees.

4. Raise the head of the bed no more than 20 degrees.

The nurse is updating a teaching plan for a client who has cancer and has been taking doxorubicin (Adriamycin) for the past several months. What is important to review with the client? 1. Report symptoms of hematuria. 2. Increase intake of oral fluids. 3. Avoid folic acid intake. 4. Report symptoms of dyspnea.

4. Report symptoms of dyspnea.

The nurse recognizes which of the following conditions as an oncologic emergency. Select all that apply. ________1. Cardiac tamponade ________2. Leukopenia ________3. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ________4. Hypercalcemia ________5. Hypophosphatemia ________6. Tumor lysis syndrome

________1. Cardiac tamponade ________3. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone ________4. Hypercalcemia ________6. Tumor lysis syndrome

The nurse understands that the following are general adverse effects of antineoplastic drugs. Select all that apply. ________1. Urinary retention ________2. Infertility ________3. Stomatitis ________4. Bone marrow depression ________5. Extravasation ________6. Nausea

________3. Stomatitis ________4. Bone marrow depression ________6. Nausea