Quiz 1 Cellular Function and Immune System

The nurse is assessing a patient with a diagnosis of inflammation. The nurse would expect to find which of the following signs and symptoms consistent with acute inflammation? (select all that apply) A. Heat B. Erythema C. Pain D. Swelling E. Paleness F. Loss of function

A. Heat B. Erythema C. Pain D. Swelling F. Loss of function

Which of the following cellular changes is considered to be preneoplastic? A. Anaplasia B. Dysplasia C. Metaplasia D. Hyperplasia

Dysplasia

Which of the following hormones activates adrenergic receptors? A. Oxytocin B. Prolactin C. Epinephrine D. Somatotropin

Epinephrine

The predominant phagocyte of early inflammation is the: A. eosinophil. B. neutrophil. C. lymphocyte. D. macrophage.

neutrophil

Many of the responses to stress are attributed to activation of the sympathetic nervous system and are mediated by (select all that apply) A. norepinephrine B. cortisol C. glucagon D. epinephrine

norepinephrine & epinephrine

Excitable cells are able to conduct action potentials because they have A. receptors for neurotransmitters. B. tight junctions. C. ligand-gated channels. D. voltage-gated channels.

voltage-gated channels

Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding transportation across the cell membrane? (select all that apply). A. active transport moves solutes across the membrane against the electrochemical gradient and requires energy B. oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion moving down the electrochemical gradient C. a small, charged molecule would likely enter the cell through simple diffusion. D. both voltage-gated and ligand-gated channels move substrates across the membrane due to changes in the cell membrane potential.

A. active transport moves solutes across the membrane against the electrochemical gradient and requires energy B. oxygen and carbon dioxide cross the cell membrane by simple diffusion moving down the electrochemical gradient

Which of the following statements are TRUE regarding cellular respiration? (select all that apply) A. under anaerobic conditions, glycolysis provides the production of ATP through the reaction of producing 2 pyruvate molecules B. lactic acidosis can develop with prolonged anaerobic conditions due to the cell's continued production of ATP through glycolysis and the end products. C. oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the cytosol D. oxygen is required for the production of ATP through the electron transport chain

A. under anaerobic conditions, glycolysis provides the production of ATP through the reaction of producing 2 pyruvate molecules B. lactic acidosis can develop with prolonged anaerobic conditions due to the cell's continued production of ATP through glycolysis and the end products. D. oxygen is required for the production of ATP through the electron transport chain

The predominant antibody of a typical primary immune response is: A. IgG. B. IgM. C. IgA. D. IgE.

IgM

Endogenous pyrogens act on the hypothalamus to induce fever as part of the systemic response of the inflammatory process. True False

True

A critical factor in the mechanisms of reperfusion injury after ischemia is A. hydropic swelling. B. sodium overload. C. calcium overload. D. lactate accumulation.

calcium overload

Repolarization of a neuron after a depolarizing action potential is due to A. activation of the Na+-K+ pump. B. influx of calcium. C. efflux of potassium. D. influx of sodium.

efflux of potassium

Which patient will develop active immunity? A patient who: A. has natural exposure to an antigen or receives an immunization. B. receives preformed antibodies or T cells from a donor. C. has T cells that become B cells. D. receives immunoglobulin.

has natural exposure to an antigen or receives an immunization

The effects of excessive cortisol production include (select all that apply) A. immune suppression B. hyperglycemia C. hypervolemia D. increased appetite

immune suppression, hyperglycemia, hypervolemia, increased appetite