QUIZ 19 CS 16, 17, 27

Usually, the diameters of the cultured pearls in a strand vary from each other by no more than A. 0.5 mm. B. 1 mm. C. 1.5 mm. D. 2 mm.

0.5 mm

By what date had Kokichi Mikimoto begun culturing whole pearls? A. 1908 B. 1920 C. 1932 D. 1954

1908

Chinese freshwater cultured pearls first appeared on the international market around A. 1960. B. 1970. C. 1980. D. 1990.

1970

The nacre quality classification described as "Nucleus not noticeable, no chalky appearance" is A. Fair. B. Excellent. C. Very Good. D. Acceptable

Acceptable

Which animal's tusk produces the most valuable ivory? A. Boar B. Walrus C. Narwhal D. Elephant

Elephant

The major source of jet is A. England. B. Australia. C. South Africa. D. the United States.

England

The matching level that describes a group of pearls with minor variations in uniformity is A. Fair. B. Good. C. Excellent. D. Very Good.

Good

Which of the following organics shows a structure called "engine turning," which looks like lines created on a lathe? A. Shell B. Coral C. Ivory D. Corozo nuts

Ivory

Pearls that show noticeable blemishes are A. Lightly Spotted. B. Heavily Spotted. C. Severely Spotted. D. Moderately Spotted.

Moderately Spotted

Which of the following gems is a natural glass? A. Sphene B. Kyanite C. Fluorite D. Moldavite

Moldavite

Which industry directly contributed to the decline of the natural pearl industry? A. Oil B. Tourism C. Electronics D. Pharmaceuticals

Oil

The oyster used to grow Tahitian cultured pearls is the A. Pinctada fucata. B. Pinctada maxima. C. Hyriopsis cumingii. D. Pinctada margaritifera

Pinctada margaritifera

Which of the following is a calcium carbonate? A. Jet B. Amber C. Pink coral D. Golden coral

Pink coral

Which amber color is most valuable? A. Red B. Brown C. Yellow D. Golden

Red

Which overtone color increases the value of akoya cultured pearls with white bodycolor? A. Rosé B. Green C. Brown D. Yellow

Rosé

The four major types of cultured whole pearls are akoya, South Sea, freshwater, and A. rice. B. Thai. C. blister. D. Tahitian.

Tahitian

South Sea cultured pearls are produced principally in Australia, Indonesia, Myanmar, and A. India. B. Tahiti. C. Japan. D. the Philippines.

The Philippines

To bleach akoya pearls, processors use A. citric acid. B. gamma radiation. C. a combination of hydrochloric acid and heat. D. a combination of hydrogen peroxide and fluorescent light.

a combination of hydrogen peroxide and fluorescent light.

A procedure that includes cleaning, buffing, and sometimes bleaching, done to make cultured pearls presentable and appealing, is called A. working. B. a process. C. doctoring. D. a treatment.

a process

Paua is a Maori name for A. helmet shell. B. abalone shell. C. calcareous coral. D. conchiolin coral.

abalone shell

Pearl is A. a crystal. B. a mineral. C. an organic gem. D. an inorganic gem.

an organic gem

Between 1992 and 2006, oysters in many important Japanese cultured pearl farming areas began to A. multiply rapidly. B. produce larger pearls. C. stabilize their numbers. D. die off in massive numbers.

die off in massive numbers

Essence d'orient is a mixture of A. plastic and calcite. B. aragonite and varnish. C. fish scales and varnish. D. aragonite and conchiolin.

fish scales and varnish

A number of similar cultured pearl strands bundled together is called a A. hank. B. mabé. C. bushel. D. pearl sac.

hank

Amber is actually A. lignite coal. B. fossilized mollusks. C. hardened tree resin. D. the remains of marine animals.

hardened tree resin

Jet is an ornamental form of A. resin. B. calcium. C. conchiolin. D. lignite coal.

lignite coal

Pearl colors tend to be A. intense. B. light in tone. C. low in saturation. D. high in saturation.

low in saturation

The organ that lines the mollusk's shell, encloses its soft body, and contains the cells that form pearl sacs and secrete nacre is the A. foot. B. gonad. C. mantle. D. ligament.

mantle

Saltwater cultured whole pearls grow from a A. parasite. B. bead nucleus only. C. mantle-tissue piece only. D. mantle-tissue piece and a bead nucleus.

mantle-tissue piece and a bead nucleus.

The nacreous layer inside a pearl-bearing mollusk's shell is called A. mantle. B. the gonad. C. conchiolin. D. mother-of-pearl.

mother-of-pearl

The trade term for Tahitian cultured pearls with a dark green-gray to blue-gray bodycolor and rosé to purple overtones is A. peacock. B. lavender. C. pistachio. D. aubergine.

peacock

When mollusks live in cooler water, they form A. larger pearls. B. pearls with higher luster. C. pearls with thicker nacre. D. pearls with darker bodycolor.

pearls with higher luster

At most pearl farms, post-harvest procedures consist of washing and A. dyeing with silver nitrate. B. faceting on corundum laps. C. bleaching by bright fluorescent light. D. polishing in a solution of water and salt.

polishing in a solution of water and salt

In Hawaii, black coral is A. extinct. B. freely harvested and sold. C. protected as an endangered species. D. only harvested by native Hawaiians.

protected as an endangered species

Tortoise shell is composed of A. resin. B. protein. C. calcium. D. aragonite.

protein

Coral's most valuable color is A. red. B. pink. C. white. D. lavender.

red

In pearl culturing, the most difficult shape to produce is A. oval. B. drop. C. round. D. baroque.

round

Seed pearls are A. small imitation pearls. B. very small natural pearls. C. cultured pearls without a bead nucleus. D. accidental byproducts of the pearl-culturing process.

very small natural pearls

The best way to clean pearls is with A. detergent. B. a steam cleaner. C. an ultrasonic cleaner. D. warm, mild soapy water.

warm, mild soapy water.

The first South Sea cultured pearl farm was founded in which country? A. Japan B. Tahiti C. China D. Australia

Australia

What happens when saltwater cultured pearls are exposed to gamma rays? A. Nacre lightens B. Nacre darkens C. Bead nucleus darkens D. Nacre and bead nucleus darken

Bead nucleus darkens

Which of the following is a variety of conchiolin coral? A. Red B. Blue C. Black D. White

Black

The only source of gem-quality benitoite is A. Mogok. B. Ratnapura. C. California. D. the Umba River Valley.

California

Aragonite is a crystallized form of A. silica. B. nacre. C. conchiolin. D. calcium carbonate.

calcium carbonate

Immature amber is known as A. copal. B. ambroid. C. corozo nut. D. doum palm.

copal