quiz 2

A patient calls the clinic to talk to the nurse. The patient states that they saw the physician "last week" and was prescribed penicillin for a strep throat. The patient goes on to say that they feel so much better they stopped taking the drug "today," even though there are "a few pills left." What would be the nurse's best response? Select one: A. "Okay, thank you for letting me know." B. "It is of critical importance that you take all the medication so all the germs are killed. Otherwise they could come right back and be even stronger." C. "What you have described are just halo effects of the drug you were taking. They will go away when the drug is totally out of your system." D. "You will need to come to the clinic and be evaluated by your physician to make sure the infection is really gone."

"It is of critical importance that you take all the medication so all the germs are killed. Otherwise they could come right back and be even stronger."

Which of the following medications may be administered concurrently with amphotericin B (Fungizone) to help minimize the adverse reactions to this medication? Select one: A. Sedatives B. Antipyretics C. Beta-adrenergic blockers D. Diuretics

Antipyretics

The nurse provides discharge teaching for a patient who will receive a prescription for cefaclor (Ceclor). What important information will the nurse provide this patient? Select one: a. Avoid alcohol until 72 hours after stopping this medication. b. Genital itching will go away after the drug is discontinued. c. Monitor for yellowing of the skin or eyes and call the doctor if it occurs. d. Avoid grapefruit juice when taking this medication to prevent adverse effects.

Avoid alcohol until 72 hours after stopping this medication. Correct

The pharmacology instructor is discussing antimicrobials with the nursing class. What would the instructor tell the students is the mechanism of action of some antimicrobials? Select one: A. Enhancing cell metabolism and growth B. Promoting protein synthesis C. Inhibiting cell wall synthesis D. Stimulating bacterial reproduction

C. Inhibiting cell wall synthesis

The nurse is caring for a patient with a gram-positive infection. What antibiotic would be most effective in treating this infection? Select one: a. Cefaclor (Ceclor) b. Cefoxitin (generic) c. Cefotaxime (Claforan) d. Cefazolin (Zolicef) Correct

Cefazolin (Zolicef)

The nurse administers nystatin (Mycostatin) to a patient with thrush (oral candidiasis). How does the medication work in the body? Select one: a. Changes membrane permeability b. Prevents reproduction of fungal cells c. Fungistatic d. Inhibits glucan synthesis

Changes membrane permeability

What must be taken into consideration when an antibiotic is chosen? Select one: A. Length of time the client has experienced symptoms B. Culture and sensitivity test results C. The client's hydration status D. The client's age

Culture and sensitivity test results

The nurse is providing patient teaching before discharging a patient home. The patient is taking ciprofloxacin (Cipro). What would the nurse teach this patient is the best way to prevent crystalluria caused by ciprofloxacin (Cipro)? Select one: a. Eliminate red meat and seafood from the diet. b. Encourage at least 2 liters of fluid per day. c. Avoid caffeine and alcohol. d. Spend time in the sun each day to optimize vitamin D levels

Encourage at least 2 liters of fluid per day. Correct

The nurse is administering an anti-infective to a pediatric patient. What will the nurse assess for related to adverse effects in this patient? Select one: a. Cardiovascular function and perfusion b. Hydration and nutritional status c. Liver and pancreatic function d. Rest and sleep status

Hydration and nutritional status

A patient with high cholesterol is taking lovastatin (Mevacor). What drug would the nurse question if it was ordered for this patient? Select one: A. Nifedipine (Procardia) B. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) C. Itraconazole (Sporanox) D. Oxazepam (Serax)

Itraconazole (Sporanox)

A mother of a 3-year-old brings her child to the clinic. The child is diagnosed with pinworms. What drug would be the best choice for the patient? Select one: A. Pyrantel (Pin-Rid) B. Ivermectin (Stromectol) C. Mebendazole (Vermox) D. Thiabendazole (Mintezol)

Mebendazole (Vermox

A child is diagnosed with herpes zoster. He is ordered to receive acyclovir (Zovirax) 300 mg 4 times a day. The nurse determines that the recommended dose is 80 mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses. The child weighs 44 pounds. What is the nurse?s responsibility concerning this acyclovir dose? Select one: a. Administer the drug dose 4 times a day. b. Administer the drug dose every 4 hours c. Notify the health care provider that the dose is too high. d. Notify the health care provider that the dose is too low.

Notify the health care provider that the dose is too low.

A nurse is providing patient education to the mother of a child receiving their first immunization. The nurse tells the mother that after the injection it is normal for the child to have what? Select one: A. Vomiting and diarrhea B. High fever and sweating C. Lethargy, drowsiness, and irritable D. Pain, redness, and swelling at site of injection Correct

Pain, redness, and swelling at site of injection

_____ immunity results when preformed antibodies are injected into a host who is at high risk for exposure to a specific disease

Passive

The patient in the clinic receives a prescription for an anti-infective to treat a urinary tract infection. The patient asks the nurse, Would you ask the doctor to give me refills on this prescription? I get a urinary tract infection almost once a year it seems and I'd like to have a refill I can store for the next time so I don't have to come back to the clinic. What is the nurse's priority response? Select one: a. Sure, I'd be glad to ask. How many refills would you like to have? b. Most medications, if not used, should be discarded after a year so it is better to get a new prescription next year when you need it. c. This antibiotic doesn't destroy every pathogen that could cause a urinary tract infection so it is better to get the right antibiotic next time.v d. Saving antibiotics for another time and self-diagnosing when antibiotics are needed lead to resistant organisms that no longer respond to drugs.

Saving antibiotics for another time and self-diagnosing when antibiotics are needed lead to resistant organisms that no longer respond to drugs. Correct

The pharmacology instructor is explaining combination drugs to the nursing class. The instructor tells the students that the combination of anti-infective agents may be used for several reasons. What is one of them? Select one: A. Some drugs are synergistic. B. Combination drugs have a better chance of killing the microorganisms. C. Allows for smaller doses of one of the drugs D. Increases the absorption of one of the drugs

Some drugs are synergistic.

When describing the process of cancer cell growth to a patient, the nurse addresses angiogenesis. Which of the following descriptions would the nurse include? Select one: a. A process that involves the cells traveling to other areas of the body to develop new tumors b. The process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells c. The process of growing without the usual homeostatic restrictions that regulate cells d. A process in which the cells lose their ability to differentiate and organize

The process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells

The nurse is reading the patient's medical record and discovers the patient has a mycosis and interprets this as meaning what? Select one: a. An infection caused by a fungus b. A fungus normally found on mucous membranes c. A systemic fungal infection d. A fungal infection with a secondary bacterial infection

a. An infection caused by a fungus

When administering anti-infectives to patients, the nurse is aware of the risk for what potentially fatal adverse effect? Select one: a. Gastrointestinal toxicity b. Eighth cranial nerve damage c. Anaphylaxis

c. Anaphylaxis

The home care nurse is taking care of a patient on IV vancomycin for cellulitis of the left calf. How would the nurse explain how microorganisms develop resistance to anti-infective medications? Select one: a. Microorganisms can alter the blood supply to the infection. b. Microorganisms can stop the cell from reproducing. c. Microorganisms produce a chemical that acts as an antagonist to the drug. Correct d. Microorganisms change their cell membrane to make it look like the drug.

c. Microorganisms produce a chemical that acts as an antagonist to the drug.

A patient is receiving mycophenolate after undergoing a liver transplant 2 weeks ago. Which of the following would be priority nursing problem? Select one: a. acute pain b. imbalanced nutrition c. risk for infection d. need for patient education

c. risk for infection

What drug would the nurse recognize as contraindicated for pediatric use? Select one: a. Fluconazole b. Terbinafine c. Griseofulvin d. Flucytosine

d. Flucytosine

Overuse of anti-infective agents is known to contribute to the onset of superinfections in the body. What is a causative agent of a superinfection? Select one: a. Escherichia coli b. Probenecid c. Protozoans d. Pseudomonas

d. Pseudomonas

The nurse admitted a 25-year-old woman to the unit. What would be the most important thing for the nurse to assess before administering ketoconazole? Select one: a. Complete blood count (CBC) and blood glucose b. Eating and sleeping habits c. Height and weight d. Renal and hepatic function

d. Renal and hepatic function

A group of nursing students are giving a report on the emergence of drug-resistant microbial agents. What could the students cite as a good way to minimize the emergence of drug-resistant microbial agents?

patient needs to take all the prescribed medication, at the time they are prescribed to take it, and to use the medication as indicated, and not for other infections. Avoid using the use of broad spectrum antibacterial drugs when treating trivial or viral infections