QUIZ 3

Which of the following is the best example of institutional racism? A. Airport security procedures that specify people who appear to be Middle Eastern should be scrutinized more closely than others. B. A waiter refusing to serve a Black man who sits in his section. C. Dr. Jones, a professor, claiming she doesn't even notice the color of her students' skin. D. A landlord who will never rent to anyone who has dark skin.

A. Airport security procedures that specify people who appear to be Middle Eastern should be scrutinized more closely than others.

In the film American Violet, the charges criminal against Dee were eventually dropped because: A. Officer Calvin Becket was found to be intentionally targeting the black community because of his own racial bias. B. The prosecuting attorneys admitted they did not have the evidence to continue to trial. C. The police voluntary dropped the charges when they realized what the consequences of a plea would be for Dee. D. None of the above.

A. Officer Calvin Becket was found to be intentionally targeting the black community because of his own racial bias.

When it comes to attitudes in the U.S. toward gays and lesbians, A. a majority of people believe that homosexual relations between consenting adults should be legal. B. only 20% believe that marriage between couples of the same sex should be legal. C. there has been little change over the years. D. most people agree with the policy of "don't ask, don't tell" in employment situations.

A. a majority of people believe that homosexual relations between consenting adults should be legal.

The theoretical framework that emphasizes how sexuality contributes to the stability of society is the ______. A. functionalist perspective. B. conflict perspective. C. symbolic interaction perspective. D. Social exchange perspective.

A. functionalist perspective.

In practice, sexual harassment in the workplace. A. is an example of discrimination. B. has no real impact on women's employment. C. happens to men as often as it does to women. D. is an inevitable product of men and women working together.

A. is an example of discrimination.

The state _____. A. is made up of government, the police, the military, and the legal system. B. is an individual unit, separate from the police and the military. C. is only made up of government and the legal system. D. cannot be described.

A. is made up of government, the police, the military, and the legal system.

The historical process in any society by which a group comes to be defined as a race is called ______. A. racial formation. B. immigration contact theory. C. the principle of physical salience. D. engendered racism

A. racial formation

Which of the following statements is NOT a factor in the increase in racial disparities in the U.S. incarceration rates between 1980-1991. A. President Reagan's war on drugs included a transfer of funding away from the policing of white-collar crime, onto the policing of street-level crime like drug use and sales. B. African American rates of criminal activity were increased during this time at a level three times higher than white rates of criminal activity. C. Residential segregation by race resulted in the targeted surveillance and policing of predominantly African American neighborhoods for drug crimes. D. All of these were factors in the increase in racial disparities.

B. African American rates of criminal activity were increased during this time at a level three times higher than white rates of criminal activity.

Gail is arguing that women are fundamentally more emotional and men are more aggressive. A. Social constructionist B. Biological determinism C. Gender socialization D. Intersexed

B. Biological determinism

Use of prison labor in private industry deprives free laborers of jobs in a number of sectors because free laborers are economically uncompetitive compared to the prison counterpart. Which perspective best explains this? A. Functionalist B. Conflict C. Postmodern D. Feminist

B. Conflict

_______ theorists see economic restructuring as the result of tensions and power differences between groups vying for social and economic resources. A. Functionalist B. Conflict C. Symbolic interaction D. social exchange

B. Conflict

According to _______ theory, sexual violence such as rape or sexual harassment is the result of power imbalances between men and women. A. functionalist B. conflict C. symbolic interaction D. social exchange

B. conflict

In which type of theory does the power elite model of state power have its origins? A. functionalism B. conflict theory C. symbolic interactionism D. social exchange theory

B. conflict theory

The process of learning the expectations for behavior associated with each sex is called _____. A. sexual differentiation. B. gender socialization. C. gender polarization. D. sexual norm internalization.

B. gender socialization.

What is the sociological term for the hierarchical distribution of social and economic resources according to gender? A. Gender apartheid B. Gender roles C. Gender stratification D. Gender assignation

C. Gender stratification

According to the text, which of the following is true about a person's sexuality? A. There is a definitely a gene that determines sexual orientation. B. Being homosexual or heterosexual depends on one's genetic structure. C. Social influences are an important part of every person's sexual identity. D. There is a definitely no gene that determines sexual orientation.

C. Social influences are an important part of every person's sexual identity.

The privatization of the military refers to the fact that A. it is harder and harder to get into the military. B. it is extremely difficult to get accurate information about military practices. C. an increasing number of the military's functions are being carried out by for-profit, private corporations. D. an increasingly large number of new recruits are being kept in the lower ranks and not permitted to pursue promotions.

C. an increasing number of the military's functions are being carried out by for-profit, private corporations.

Holding the belief that one does not notice racial differences, and that discussing race only perpetuates racism, would be considered ______. A. old-fashioned racism. B. traditional racism C. color-blind racism D. institutional racism

C. color-blind racism

Research on contemporary discrimination in housing has found that _______. A. Racial discrimination in housing is less important than other forms of racial discrimination. B. when two people of different races apply for the same housing both are equally likely to be accepted or turned down. C. members of minority groups are frequently turned down for housing in situations in which a White person is not. D. reverse discrimination, or discrimination toward a White person is equally as common as discrimination.

C. members of minority groups are frequently turned down for housing in situations in which a White person is not.

Postindustrial societies are organized around _____. A. production of goods B. agricultural production C. the provision of services D. trade via the Internet

C. the provision of services

According to Arlie Hoschild's ethnographic research, even when husbands and wives are both employed outside of the home, the bulk of the domestic responsibilities fall on women. The sociological term for this is ______. A. the dual labor market. B. gender segregation. C. the second shift. D. familial inequity.

C. the second shift.

In Marissa Cisneros' lecture, she noted that "food apartheid" is a better way describe the racialized disparities in food access then "food deserts" because A. There is not a food shortage in communities of color, there is a shortage of healthy food in those communities. B. The concept of food apartheid captures the systemic nature of food segregation patterned along racial lines. C. We have enough food in the United States to feed the entire population, it just does not get to everyone equally. D. All of the above.

D. All of the above.

Which of the following best represents feminist theories of the state? A. The state should be predominantly matriarchal. B. A few powerful women are equal in influence to organizations that are predominantly male. C. Women should boycott involvement in the state. D. The state reflects men's interests, and is run primarily by men.

D. The state reflects men's interests, and is run primarily by men.

With regard to gender, Functionalists have been criticized for ____. A. ignoring gender roles. B. emphasizing symbols in their approach to the study of gender. C. failing to see the merits of a conflict approach to the study of gender. D. interpreting gender a fixed role in society.

D. interpreting gender a fixed role in society.

With regard to gender, Functionalists have been criticized for ____. A. ignoring gender roles. B. emphasizing symbols in their approach to the study of gender. C. failing to see the merits of a conflict approach to the study of gender. D. interpreting gender as a fixed role in society.

D. interpreting gender as a fixed role in society.

In 1980 the U.S. incarcerated approximately 500,00 individuals, by the year 2000 that number was almost 2.5 million people; this rise in prison population was due to increased crime commission. True or False?

False

The racial disparities in U.S. jails and prisons are explained by racial differences in criminal involvement. True or False?

False

White youth tend to sell drugs at rates lower than black youths. True or False?

False

Gender norms and the boundaries of gender socialization are frequently enforced through the deployment of homophobia. True or False?

True

The prosecutor and defense attorney both counseled Dee to take a plea deal after she was arrested. This would have led to her eviction from public housing. True or False?

True