Quiz Chapter 13 - Spinal Cord Spinal Nerves
In response to a muscle being stretched, a muscle spindle initiates a somatic spinal reflex that causes I. contraction of the effector muscle. II. relaxation of the antagonist muscle. III. contraction of the antagonist muscle. IV. relaxation of the effector muscle. 1 only 2 only 3 only 4 only 1 and 2 1 and 3 2 and 4
1 and 2
Spinal nerves I. Are part of the PNS. II. connect the CNS to sensory receptors and effectors in all parts of the body. III. are named according to the region of the vertebral column from which they emerge. IV. are mixed nerves. V. only transmit sensory information. VI. only transmit motor information. 1, 2, 3 1, 2, 3, 4 1, 3, 6 1 and 3 1, 2, 3, 4
1, 2, 3, 4
A typical spinal nerve has how many connections to the spinal cord? 1 2 3 4 5 1
2
In response to a tendon being stretched excessively, a tendon organ initiates a somatic spinal reflex that causes I. contraction of the effector muscle. II. relaxation of the antagonist muscle. III. contraction of the antagonist muscle. IV. relaxation of the effector muscle. 1 only 2 only 3 only 4 only 3 and 4 1 and 2
3 and 4
Place the reflex arc components in order from detecting a stimulus to response. I. motor neuron II. effector III. sensory neuron IV. integration center V. sensory receptor 5, 1, 2, 4, 3 3, 5, 1, 2, 4 3, 5, 4, 1, 2 5, 3, 4, 1, 2 2, 1, 4, 3, 5
5, 3, 4, 1, 2
Christopher Reeve, a famous actor and competitive equestrian, suffered fractures to the top two vertebra and could not breathe without the help of a respirator. Which of the nerves in this diagram were likely damaged? A C D E G
A
In this diagram, respiratory distress can occur if damage occurs to which group of spinal nerves? A C E F H
A
Which of the labeled structures allows doctors to safely introduce antibiotics or anesthetics and measure CSF pressure? A E D A H 1
A
In this diagram which portion of the spinal cord contains cell bodies and axons of interneurons as well as incoming axons of sensory neurons? B C D H I 1
C
A pupillary reflex is integrated in the brain stem so it is classified as a ________ reflex. The smooth muscle of the iris is the effector, so this is classified as a(n) ___________. Spinal; somatic Spinal; autonomic Cranial; somatic Cranial; autonomic Spinal; visceral
Cranial; autonomic
Which of the nerves in this diagram only have anterior and posterior rami branches and do not form plexuses? A B D E G
D
Which of the nerves in this diagram would be involved with 'flexing' the chest wall to bring the ribs together? A C D E G
D
In this diagram which structure is the conus medullaris? E F G H I
E
In this diagram, where is the space that contains a buoyant liquid to form a hydraulic cushion that absorbs shock? E F G H I
E
Which of the labeled structures is composed of squamous to cuboidal cells and is very vascular? D E F G H
E
A gymnast has damaged their hip flexor muscles. The nerve that innervates these muscles arise from which group of spinal nerves in this diagram? A C F H I 1
F
In this diagram which portion of the spinal cord contains cell bodies that regulate cardiac muscle, smooth muscle and glands? B C D F H
F
In this diagram, where is the space that contains interstitial fluid? E F G H I 0
F
Which of the labeled structures would receive injections to cause loss of sensation to control pain in childbirth? B C F G H 1
F
Which of the nerves in this diagram innervates muscles that extend the toes and if damaged results in foot drop (plantar flexion)? A C F E G
F
In the diagram which structure contains nerve roots that arise from the lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal region of the spinal cord? C D E F G 0
G
In this diagram, where is the structure that adheres to the spinal cord and brain? E F G H I
G
If you had a rash on the anterior surface of your trunk, what labeled structure would serve the muscles and skin of that area? B C G H F
H
In this diagram where would somatic motor nuclei be located? B C E F H
H
In this diagram, where is the avascular structure located between the subdural and subarachnoid space? E F G H I
H
In this diagram where would the medial reticulospinal tract be located? B C H I F
I
In this diagram, which layer is the thickest protective covering? E F G H I 1
I
A child was in a diving accident. When brought into the emergency room, the doctor used sharp and blunt objects to determine if there was any sensation on the bottom of the foot and the lateral aspect of their palm. The child stated they could not feel the stimulus in either area. What nerves were most likely damaged? L3 and C8. L5 and C6. S2 and T1. C7 and L4. S1 and C6.
S1 and C6
A patient who has loss of pin prick sensation starting at the level of the nipple and downward on the right side would have a lesion in the spinal cord at which level? C7-C8 T4-T5 T6-T7 T10-T12 S1-S2
T6-T7
Why is a spinal tap performed below L2 of the spinal cord? The spinal cord is present ensuring there will be a subarachnoid space present. The spinal meninges and spinal cord are not present, ensuring no damage to the nervous system. The spinal meninges and spaces extend passed the proper spinal cord, allowing fluid to be withdrawn with a minimal risk of damage to the spinal cord. There is more space between the vertebrae in a flexed position below L2. The supracristal line is the only way to determine placement of the needle in spinal taps.
The spinal meninges and spaces extend passed the proper spinal cord, allowing fluid to be withdrawn with a minimal risk of damage to the spinal cord.
The area of the skin that provides sensory input to the CNS via one pair of spinal nerves is called a dermatome. a microtome. perineurium. a fascicle. an epitome
a dermatome
Sensory information travels to the brain via Ascending tracts Descending tracts Integration tracts Anterior roots Direct motor pathways
ascending tracts
Which nerve innervates the muscle that abducts the arm at the shoulder and the skin overlying the deltoid? phrenic nerve axillary nerve intercostal nerve ulnar nerve common fibular nerve
axillary nerve
The spinal cord ends between L1 and L2 at T12 at S5 at L5 between T9 and T10
between L1 and L2
What parts of a neuron within a nerve is/are wrapped in a protective endoneurium? I. Myelinated axon II. Unmyelinated axon III. Dendrites 1 only 2 only 3 only Both 1 and 2 1, 2 and 3
both 1 and 2
Which plexus arises from the structure labeled B in the diagram? cervical plexus brachial plexus thoracic nerves lumbar plexus sacral plexus
brachial plexus
Which of the following spinal nerves does not travel through an intervertebral foramen to reach its destination? cervical spinal nerve 1 thoracic spinal nerve 12 lumbar spinal nerve 2 sacral spinal nerve 1 cervical spinal nerve 7 1
cervical spinal nerve 1
Which type of descending motor pathway conveys nerve impulses that originate in the cerebral cortex and allows you to use your fingers for sewing and sign language? vestibulospinal tract corticospinal tract reticulospinal tract spinothalamic tract
corticospinala tract
Which spinal meninges is composed of collagen fibers arranged in an irregular pattern that is very strong? Arachnoid mater Dura mater epineurium Pia mater
dura mater
Which of the following parts of a reflex arc would be represented by the contraction of the gastrocnemius muscle or the radial iris muscles? Sensory receptor Sensory neuron Motor neuron Effector Integrating center
effectors
Which of the following lists the connective tissue coverings of the axons, fascicles, and entire nerve in the correct order? endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium endoneurium, epineurium, perineurium perineurium, epineurium, endoneurium epineurium, endoneurium, perineurium
endoneurium, perineurium, epineurium
Which layer of protective connective tissue covers a nerve and fuses with the outer menix layer? dura mater pia mater endoneurium perineurium epineurium 1
epineurium
In reciprocal innervation of the tendon reflex stimulation of afferent fibers causes inhibition of effector muscles inhibition of antagonist muscles excitation of effector muscles excitation of antagonist muscles excitation of muscles on the contralateral side
excitation of antagonist muscles
When the quadriceps muscle extends the lower leg in the patella reflex, what is occurring in the motor neuron to produce an action potential? Influx of sodium and efflux of potassium Influx of sodium and efflux of calcium Influx of potassium and efflux of sodium Influx of both sodium and potassium Efflux of both sodium and potassium 0
influx of sodium and efflux of potassium
Which of the following parts of a reflex arc can be monosynaptic or polysynaptic? Sensory receptor Sensory neuron Motor neuron Effector Integrating center
integrating center
The nerves that supply the thigh and calf of leg emerge from the lumbar enlargement filum terminale cauda equina conus medullaris cervical enlargement
lumbar enlargement
In the 400 meter relay, runners handoff the baton to the person in front of them. The second runner in the relay team had to be replaced . They were unable to pronate their forearm to reach behind for the baton because of injury to their brachial plexus. What is the most likely site of their injury? Dorsal scapular nerve Intercostal nerve Phrenic nerve Median nerve Radial nerve
median nerve
An individual suffers a stroke and looses control over their left arm. The individual is affected with __________ paralysis. diplegia monoplegia paraplegia hemiplegia quadriplegia
monoplegia
Which of the following structures travels from the area labeled D in the diagram? obturator nerve phrenic nerve long thoracic nerve thoracodorsal nerve lesser occipital nerve
obturator nerve
Which branch of a spinal nerve serves the deep muscles and skin of the posterior surface of the trunk? Meningeal branch Rami communicantes Intercostal nerve Posterior ramus Anterior ramus
posterior ramus
A nerve impulse initiated at a muscle spindle has to travel through which of the following structures to enter the integrating center? Anterior root of spinal nerve Posterior root of spinal nerve Tectospinal tract Gray commissure Lateral reticulospinal tract
posterior root of spinal nerve
If these structures were severed, the nerve impulses from pain and stretch receptors would not reach the CNS. white columns gray horns anterior root of spinal nerves posterior root of spinal nerves
posterior root of spinal nerves
Which region of the spinal cord allows a dancer to be aware of their movements and body position? Posterior white column Anterior gray horn Anterior white column Lateral white column Gray commissure
posterior white column
Excitation of the quadriceps femoris group and inhibition of the hamstring group is termed _______ innervation. antagonist-effector ipsilateral crossed-extensor reciprocal Intersegmental
reciprocal
Which of the following parts of a reflex arc would involve the posterior root ganglion? Integrating center Sensory neuron Motor neuron Effector Interneuron 1
sensory neuron
Which of the following parts of a reflex arc monitors the rectus femoris muscle stretching? Sensory receptor Integrating center Motor neuron Effector Interneuron 1
sensory receptor
Which structure listed contains cerebrospinal fluid? epidural space subarachnoid space subdural space foramen magnum 1
subarachnoid space
A patient is being examined for muscle weakness. To assess their condition, the doctor tests their knee-jerk reflex by tapping the patella tendon with a reflex hammer and tapping his lower jaw with your finger. Both pathways are considered monosynaptic. What do they have in common? They are both autonomic, cranial reflexes. They both a two neuron pathway, sensory to motor. They are both somatic, autonomic reflexes. The sensory neurons exit the same segment of the spinal cord.
they both a two neuron pathway, sensory to motor
A severed obturator nerve will lead into paralysis of which region of the body? Cervical Thoracic Lumbar Thigh Arms
thigh
An individual with shingles presents with pain and lesions in the mouth, ears, and pharynx. Which dermatomal region would be sending the afferent signals? C2 C3 C1 trigeminal facial
trigeminal
Which type of descending motor pathway excites antigravity muscles in order to exert control over postural changes necessary to compensate for tilts and movements of the body.? vestibulospinal tract corticospinal tract corticobulbar tract spinothalamic tract gracile fasciculus
vestibulospinal tract
