quiz questions nutrition final
in the average healthy person, about how much time is required by the liver to process the alcohol in a typical drink
1 hour
as a general rule, what minimum number of kcalories per day is necessary to ensure nutritional adequacy in an eating plan intended to reduce body weight
1200
what is the approximate body mass index of a woman who is 65" tall and weoghs 125 lbs
21
what is the approximate value for the thermic effect of a 2500-kcalorie diet
250 kcal
a person who typically burns 200 kcals during a 2 mile run would, in the postexercise perios, burn an additional
30 cals
a high risk person of weight-related health problems is seen in a woman whose waist circumference begins to exceed
35 inches
There is a high risk of obesity-related health problems when a man's waist circumference begins to exceed
40 inches
what is the approximate weight gain of a person who consumes an excess of 500 kcalories daily for one month
4lbs
For every decade beyond the age of 30, what is the percentage decrease in the need for total kcalories?
5
what is the approximate percent efficiency of conversion of food energy to ATP energy in the body
50%
in a weight reduction regimen, the most realistic time frame for losing 10% of initial body weight is
6 months
to help prevent weight gain/promote weight maintenance, the DRI suggests daily, moderate intense PA totaling
60 mins
lucy weighed 200 lbs 3 months ago. she returns for her 3-month follow up visit. her weight today is 185 ;bs. what is lucys percent weight change over the last 3 months
7.5% weight loss
aggresive tream=tment should be discussed with people who are obese if they have which of the following risk factors
BMI >/=40
a graph of the relationship between mortality and body mass index is shaped like a
J
the brain chemical neuropeptide Y is known to specifically enhance the craving for
carbohydrate
which of the following leads to production of urea
catabolism of amino acids
an aerobic reaction is one that requires
Oxygen
all of the following are hormones that promote satiety
PYY, CCK, leptin
what is the most satiating macronutrient
Protein
the product of fatty acid catabolism, which cannot be converted into glucose, is
acetyl CoA
which of the following can be synthesized from all three energy-yeilding nutrients
acetyl CoA
fatty acid oxidation results in the direct production of
acetyle CoA
If the carbohydrate content of the diet is insufficient to meet the body's needs for glucose, which of the following can be converted to glucose?
amino acids
which of the following factors has the most influence on the bodys basal metabolic rate
amount of lean body tissue
What term is specific to reactions in which simple compounds are combined into more complex molecules?
anabolic
compents of the female athlete triad
disordered eating; ammenorrhea; bone loss
all of the following are associations between the environment and food intake except
distractions generally appear to reduce food intake
Which of the following statements is true about eating disorders
eating disorders are typically caused by many influencing factors
What term is given to the condition of a female athlete who has an eating disorder and develops amenorrhea and osteoporosis?
female athlete triad
what is the chief factor that determines a person's susceptability to obesity
genetics and environment
all of the following are hormones that promote satiety except
ghrelin
glycolysis is the conversion of
glucose to pyruvate
which of the following outlines the overall sequence of events in the complete oxidation of glucose
glycolysis, TCA cycle, electron transport chain
Jenny is 34 years old and has a BMI of 28. Her body type could be described as "pear-like." John is 55 years old with a BMI of 28, and a body type that is "apple-like." Why is John more likely than Jenny to be at risk for degenerative diseases?
he has central obesity
BMI 24
healthy weight
in the adult body, food energy not stored as fat or glycogen is lost as
heat
a person who exhibits a physiological need to eat is most likely experiencing the sensation of
hunger
Obesity resulting from an increase in the size of fat cells is termed
hypertrophic obesity
On which organ or tissue does leptin primarily act?
hypothalamus
a feature of catabolic reactions is that they
involve the release of energy
BMI of 21
is healthy
elizabeth has been fasting, her breath smells fruity
its from her body's shift to a state of ketosis
which of the following is used to supply some of the fuel needed by the brain only after the body has been fasting for a while
ketones
roommate demetrius
lactate
the cori cycle involves the interconversion of
lactate and glucose
the weight of the body less the fat content is known as the
lean body mass
What are the observed effects of sleep deprivation on leptin and ghrelin?
leptin decreases while ghrelin increases
which of the following is known to promote fat storage in adipocytes
lipoprotein lipase
adverse effects on organs, such as the liver, from the presence of excess body fat is known as
lipotoxicity
what is the primary organ that oxidizes alcohol
liver
all of the following are characteristics of the results of weight loss surgery except
medical supervision in the postsuregery period is required only for the forst 6-9 months
An index of a person's weight in relation to height is called
body mass index
what instrument is used to measure the energy content of foods
bomb calorimeter
which of the following is a characteristic of fat cell development
more and larger fat cells are found in obese people compared with healthy-weight person
which of the following is not one of the components of the female athlete triad
muscle dymorphyia
Bariatrics is a field of medicine that specializes in the treatment of
obesity
external cues that may cause an obese person to resopnd to a food typically include all of the following except
outdoor exercises
the most variable component of energy expenditure is
physical activity
Compared with non-obese people, obese people have a lower
physical activity levels
which of the following defines the body's set point
point above which the body tends to lose weight and below which tends to gain weight
Because obesity apparently has many causes, even in an individual, the best approach seems to be
prevention
the bodys need for water increases on a diet high in
protein
what is the primary factor that differentiates bulima nervosa from binge eating disorder
purging is rarely practiced in binge-eating disorder
the feeling of satisfaction resulting from consumption of a meal that influences the amount of time between meals is terms
satiety
An example of a behavior modification technique for weight control is to
self-monitoring eating habots and emotions around eating
what organ is forst to absorb alcohol after a person takes a drink
stomach
which of the following is the body's first response to the absorption of abundant amounts of carbohydrate
synthesis and storage of glycogen
the most likely explanation for why women readily store fat around the hips whereas men readily store fat around the abdomen is gender differences in
the activity of lipoprotein lipase
all of the following describe the behavior of fat cells except
the number decreases when fat is lost from the body
all of the following are features of fat cell metabolism in men and women except
the rate of fat breakdown is higher in womne than in men
which of the following is the most likely explanation that environment must play a role in obesity
the rate of obesity has been rising while the gene pool has remained relatively constant
reasonable weight loss goals
up to 2 lbs per week, 10% of body weight in 6 months
which of the following defines a moderate level of alcohol intake per day for the average-sized woman
up to one drink
which of the following i =s not a possible fate of metabolized glucose
urea
which of the following can be used to assess the amount of a person's abdominal fat
waist circumference
amoung which of the following groups, which has the highest metabolic rate
younger individuals
