RAD 130 Ch 5
Which of the following tangential projections is used to demonstrate the carpal canal? 1. Axial 2. Inferosuperior 3. Superoinferior
2 and 3
If the IR and wrist are placed flat on the table for the PA axial projection of the wrist (Stecher method), what central ray orientation is required? -10 degrees toward the elbow -10 degrees toward the hand -20 degrees toward the elbow -20 degrees toward the hand
20 degrees toward the elbow
Which of the following positions of the hand will place the epicondyles parallel with the plane of the IR? -Lateral -Pronation -Supination -45-degree lateral rotation
Supination
Which fat pad lies parallel with the anterior aspect of the proximal radius? -Anterior -Coronoid -Posterior -Supinator
Supinator
Which of the following breathing techniques should be used for an AP projection of the humerus? -Suspended respiration -Full inspiration -Full expiration -Shallow breathing
Suspended respiration
Which bone is labeled as letter B in the figure above? -Capitate -Hamate -Trapezoid -Trapezium
Trapezoid
Which bone is labeled as letter G in the figure above? -Pisiform -Scaphoid -Triquetrum -Lunate
Triquetrum
What anatomy is labeled as letter A in the image below? -Capitulum -Lateral epicondyle of humerus -Trochlea -Coronoid process of ulna
Trochlea
What anatomy is labeled as letter B in the image below? -Lateral epicondyle of the humerus -Medial epicondyle of the humerus -Coronoid process of the ulna -Trochlea
Trochlea
How many phalanges are there in the thumb?- -One -Two -Three -Four
Two
If a patient is unable to extend the forearm for an AP projection of the elbow, how many projections are necessary to avoid distortion of the joint? -Two -Three -Four -Five
Two
Letter A in the image below labels the: -medial epicondyle of the humerus. -capitulum. -radial head. -trochlea.
capitulum
Letter B in the figure above labels the _____ phalanx of the _____ digit. -distal; first -distal; second -proximal; first -first; second
distal; second
Letter D in the figure above labels the: -first metacarpal. -proximal phalanx of the fifth digit. -fifth metacarpal. -proximal phalanx of the first digit.
fifth metacarpal
The only saddle joint in the human body is the _____ joint. -radioulnar -radiocarpal -first digit, carpometacarpal -fifth digit, carpometacarpal
first digit, carpometacarpal
The thumb is also known as the: -lateral digit. -first digit. -medial digit. -fifth digit.
first digit.
The palm of the hand is formed by: -five carpals. -five metacarpals. -eight carpals. -eight metacarpals.
five metacarpals
To demonstrate the coronoid process in the axiolateral projection of the elbow (Coyle method), the elbow is flexed _____ degrees. -45 -80 -90 -75
80
How many degrees is the elbow flexed for a lateral projection of the wrist? -0 -25 -45 -90
90
How many degrees is the elbow flexed for the lateral projection of the elbow? -0 -45 -75 -90
90
To demonstrate the radial head in the axiolateral projection of the elbow (Coyle method), the elbow is flexed _____ degrees. -30 -45 -80 -90
90
Which of the following projections would be used to better demonstrate the carpal interspaces? -AP -PA -Lateral -PA oblique with lateral rotation
AP
What projection and anatomy is demonstrated in the image below? -AP forearm -AP humerus -Lateral forearm -Lateral humerus
AP humerus
The posterior fat pad lies in the: -coronoid fossa. -olecranon fossa. -radial fossa. -radial notch.
olecranon fossa
The bone part identified by the arrow in this figure is the: -trochlea. -capitulum. -radial head. -olecranon process.
olecranon process
The head of the radius articulates on the medial side with the: -coronoid process. -trochlear notch. -ulnar styloid process. -radial notch.
radial notch
The head of the radius fits into a depression on the lateral aspect of the coronoid process of the ulna. This depression is called the: -radial fossa. -coronoid fossa. -radial notch. -trochlear notch.
radial notch
Letter J in the figure above labels the: -radial styloid. -ulnar styloid. -humeral styloid. -radial head.
radial styloid
All of the following positions are used to demonstrate the hand in the lateral projection, except: -ulnar surface on IR, hand extended. -radial surface on IR, hand extended. -ulnar surface on IR, digits in "fan lateral." -radial surface on IR, digits in "fan lateral."
radial surface on IR, digits in "fan lateral."
Letter C in the image below labels the: -radial tuberosity. -capitulum. -radial head. -trochlea.
radial tuberosity
The carpal bones articulate with the: -radius only. -ulna only. -phalanges only. -radius, ulna, and phalanges.
radius only.
The first bone located on the proximal row and lateral side of the wrist is called the: -trapezoid. -trapezium. -lunate. -scaphoid.
scaphoid
What projection of the elbow demonstrates the radial head and neck free of superimposition? -AP oblique projection, lateral rotation -AP oblique projection, medial rotation -AP projection, partial flexion -AP projection, acute flexion
AP oblique projection, lateral rotation
Which fat pad is identified by the arrow in this figure? -Anterior -Posterior -Coronoid -Supinator
Anterior
The scaphoid in the figure above is labeled as letter: -A -B -C -H
C
What anatomy is labeled as number 6 in the image below? -Lunate -Pisiform -Hamate -Capitate
Capitate
Which of the following is the largest carpal bone? -Capitate -Hamate -Scaphoid -Triquetrum
Capitate
What anatomy is labeled as letter D in the image below? -Lateral epicondyle of the humerus -Medial epicondyle of the humerus -Capitulum -Trochlea
Capitulum
The shallow depression, located on the anterior surface of the distal humerus, receives which of the following when the elbow is flexed? -Trochlea -Coronoid process -Capitulum -Radial tuberosity
Coronoid process
What anatomy should be projected free of superimposition for an AP oblique projection of the elbow with medial rotation? -Lateral epicondyle -Coronoid process -Olecranon process -Olecranon fossa
Coronoid process
What anatomy is labeled as letter B in the image below? -Capitulum -Lateral epicondyle of humerus -Trochlea -Coronoid process of ulna
Coronoid process of ulna
What anatomy is labeled as number 1 in the image below? -First metacarpal -Fifth metacarpal -Proximal phalange, fifth digit -Proximal phalange, first digit
Fifth metacarpal
Which of the following methods is used to demonstrate the carpal canal? -Stecher (PA axial) -Norgaard (AP oblique) -Lawrence (inferosuperior axial) -Gaynor-Hart (tangential)
Gaynor-Hart (tangential)
What anatomy is labeled as number 2 in the image below? -Lunate -Pisiform -Hamate -Capitate
Hamate
Which two bones comprise the forearm? -Ulna -Fibula -Radius -Humerus
Ulna Radius
What bone is shown in this figure? -Radius -Tibia -Ulna -Humerus
Humerus
What is the bone in the upper arm? -Radius -Ulna -Humerus -Capitulum
Humerus
Which of the following is the primary projection used to demonstrate anterior or posterior displacement of fractures of the hand or wrist? -AP -PA -Lateral -AP oblique
Lateral
What anatomy is labeled as letter C in the image below? -Lateral epicondyle of the humerus -Medial epicondyle of the humerus -Coronoid process of the ulna -Trochlea
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
The anatomy labeled as letter D in the figure above is the _____ joint. -proximal IP -distal IP -metacarpophalangeal -carpometacarpal
metacarpophalangeal
The central ray for a PA projection of the wrist is directed to enter the: -radiocarpal joint. -scaphoid. -midcarpal area. -third CMC joint.
midcarpal area
Which anatomy is well demonstrated in this projection of the hand in the figure above? 1. Joint spaces 2. Distal phalanges 3. Middle phalanges
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following positions can be used to perform a lateral projection of the humerus on a patient who has a suspected fracture? -Supine -Standing -Lateral decubitus -Lateral recumbent
Lateral recumbent
Which of the following methods is used when the arm cannot be abducted for the standard AP or lateral projection of the humerus? -Stecher -Lawrence -Norgaard -Gaynor-Hart
Lawrence
What anatomic structure is shown in profile on a lateral projection of the humerus? -Capitulum -Glenoid cavity -Lesser tubercle -Greater tubercle
Lesser tubercle
What structure is shown in profile on a lateral projection of the elbow? -Radial neck -Radial head -Olecranon process -Humeral epicondyles
Olecranon process
What projection of the third digit is demonstrated in the figure above? -PA -PA oblique -Mediolateral -Lateromedial
PA
Which of the following projections corrects foreshortening of the scaphoid? -PA -PA oblique in lateral rotation -PA in radial deviation -PA in ulnar deviation
PA in ulnar deviation
What projection of the hand is demonstrated in the figure above? -PA -PA oblique -Lateral, fan lateral position -Lateral, in extension
PA oblique
Which projection of the first digit is demonstrated in the figure above? -PA -PA oblique -Mediolateral -Lateromedial
PA oblique
Which of the following should be in contact with the tabletop for a PA projection of the wrist? 1. Arm 2. Axilla 3. Forearm
1, 2, and 3
Which of the following should be on the same plane for a lateral projection of the elbow? 1. Wrist joint 2. Elbow joint 3. Shoulder joint
1, 2, and 3
For the AP projection of the thumb, Lewis suggests angling the central ray toward the wrist to demonstrate the first metacarpal free of the sesamoids and of the soft tissue of the palm. What is the suggested central-ray angle? -10 degrees -15 degrees -5 to 10 degrees -10 to 15 degrees
10 to 15 degrees
How many phalanges are there in the hand? -14 -27 -30 -32
14
The 10 joints of the upper limb are all: 1. hinge. 2. synovial tissue. 3. freely movable.
2 and 3
The primary structures shown when demonstrating the elbow using the Coyle method is the: 1. coracoid process. 2. coronoid process. 3. radial head.
2 and 3
Which of the following objects would be needed to perform a PA oblique projection of a finger? 1. 2-inch block 2. Lead shield 3. 45-degree foam wedge
2 and 3
The central-ray angulation for the tangential projection (inferosuperior) of demonstrating the carpal canal is _____ degrees. -15 -20 -25 to 30 -35 to 45
25 to 30
What anatomy of the third digit is labeled as letter E in the figure above? -Distal phalanx -Proximal phalanx -Middle phalanx -Metacarpal
Proximal phalanx
Which portion of the first digit is labeled as letter C in the figure above? -Proximal phalanx -Middle phalanx -Distal phalanx -Metacarpal
Proximal phalanx
What anatomy is labeled as letter E in the image below? -Radial head -Capitulum -Coronoid process of ulna -Trochlea
Radial head
What anatomy should be demonstrated free of superimposition on an AP oblique projection of the elbow in lateral rotation? -Capitulum -Trochlea -Radial head and neck -Olecranon process
Radial head and neck
How is the hand positioned for the axiolateral projection of the elbow (Coyle method)? -Supinated -Pronated -30-degree medial oblique -45-degree medial oblique
30-degree medial oblique
How many degrees is the central ray angled for both of the axiolateral projections (Coyle method) of the elbow? -30 -35 -40 -45
45
How much wrist rotation is required for the PA oblique projection, lateral rotation position of the wrist? -25 -30 -40 -45
45
How many degrees should the elbow be angled for an AP lateral oblique projection? -30 degrees -40 degrees -45 degrees -50 degrees
45 degrees
How many degrees should the elbow be angled for an AP oblique projection in medial rotation? -35 degrees -40 degrees -45 degrees -55 degrees
45 degrees
For exact positioning of the PA oblique wrist, and to ensure duplication in follow-up examinations, which of the following is required? -30-degree foam wedge -45-degree foam wedge -2-inch block -3-inch block
45-degree foam wedge
Which of the following devices is necessary to demonstrate the IP joints with a PA oblique projection of the hand? -Finger holder strap -20-degree angle block -45-degree foam block -45-degree foam wedge
45-degree foam wedge
Which two of the following must be clearly demonstrated on a lateral projection of the humerus? -Wrist joint -Entire clavicle -Shoulder joint -Elbow joint
Shoulder joint Elbow joint
Which two of the following should be demonstrated on the AP projection of the humerus? -Wrist joint -Shoulder joint -Elbow joint -Entire clavicle
Shoulder joint Elbow joint
The bone indicated by the arrow in this figure is the: -ulna. -radius. -tibia. -humerus.
ulna
The bone or bone part identified by the arrow in this figure is the: -ulna. -radius. -humerus. -olecranon process.
ulna
The position recommended to increase patient comfort when performing an AP projection of the humerus is: -prone. -recumbent. -supine. -upright.
upright
For a lateral projection of the hand, the central ray is directed to enter the: -second digit MCP joint. -PIP joint. -distal PIP joint. -midmetacarpal area.
second digit MCP joint
The general patient position most commonly used to perform a radiograph of a finger (digit) is: -AP. -PA. -sitting at the end of the table. -standing at the end of the table.
sitting at the end of the table
For the AP projection of the forearm, the hand is: -supinated. -pronated. -placed in the lateral position. -placed in a 45-degree oblique position.
supinated
For the AP projection of the humerus, the hand is positioned: supinated. -pronated. -lateral. -in 30-degree medial rotation.
supinated
For a PA projection of the hand, the central ray is directed to enter the: -second MCP joint. -third MCP joint. -head of the third metacarpal. -head of the second metacarpal.
third MCP joint
For a lateral projection of the second through fifth digits, the central ray is directed: -0 degrees. -5 degrees caudad. -5 degrees cephalad. -2 to 5 degrees cephalad.
0 degrees
Which of the following central-ray angles is used for the lateral projection of the wrist? -0 degrees -5 degrees -7 degrees -0 to 5 degrees
0 degrees
In the figure above, the hamate is labeled as letter: -D -F -G -H
F
What anatomic structure is shown in profile on an AP projection of the humerus? -Capitulum -Glenoid cavity -Greater tubercle -Lesser tubercle
Greater tubercle
What anatomy is labeled as letter B in the image below? -Greater tubercle -Lesser tubercle -Humeral head -Glenoid
Greater tubercle
The bone part labeled with the arrow in this figure is the: -radial notch. -trochlear notch. -coronoid process. -olecranon process.
coronoid process
Soft tissue radiographs of the elbow in the lateral position are often ordered to demonstrate: -veins. -nerves. -fat pads. -fractures.
fat pads
For the lateral projection of the forearm, the elbow should be flexed: -45 degrees. -80 degrees. -90 degrees. -120 degrees.
90 degrees
What projection and position is depicted in the image below? -AP, anatomic position -AP oblique, lateral rotation position -AP oblique, medial rotation position -Mediolateral, lateral position
AP oblique, lateral rotation position
What projection and position is demonstrated in the image below? -AP -AP oblique, medial rotation -AP oblique, lateral rotation -AP distal humerus, partial flexion position
AP oblique, medial rotation
The most common oblique projection of the second through fifth digits is _____ with _____ rotation. -AP; medial -AP; lateral -PA; medial -PA; lateral
PA; lateral
Which of the following breathing techniques should be used for a lateral projection of the humerus? -Shallow breathing -Full inspiration -Full expiration -Suspended respiration
Suspended respiration
Which bone is labeled as letter G in the figure above? -Scaphoid -Pisiform -Sesamoid -Trapezium
Trapezium
For the PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation, the central ray is directed to the: -pisiform. -scaphoid. -radiocarpal joint. -midcarpal area.
scaphoid
The PA axial projection of the wrist (Stecher method) clearly demonstrates the: -lunate. -capitate. -scaphoid. -distal row of carpal bones.
scaphoid
The PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation clearly demonstrates the: -trapezium. -trapezoid. -hamate. -scaphoid.
scaphoid
The area on the bone labeled with the arrow is this figure is the: -radial notch. -trochlear notch. -coronoid process. -olecranon process.
trochlear notch
Letter E in the figure above labels the: -pisiform. -ulna. -radius. -scaphoid.
ulna.
The hand in the figure above was positioned: -with the fingers flexed and resting on the IR. -with the fingers extended and parallel with the IR. -in radial deviation. -supinated.
with the fingers extended and parallel with the IR
Which two of the following methods can be used to demonstrate the first CMC joint? -Robert -Burman -Stecher -Norgaard
-Robert -Burman
How many degrees is the central ray angled for the AP forearm. -0 -5 -7 -3
0
The IR must be elevated how many degrees for the PA axial projection of the wrist (Stecher method)? -5 degrees -10 degrees -15 degrees -20 degrees
20 degrees
The hand consists of how many bones? -8 -14 -27 -32
27
How many degrees is the hand rotated for a PA oblique projection of the digit? -25 -40 -45 -35
45
What projection is depicted in the image below? -AP -AP oblique in medial rotation -AP oblique in lateral rotation -Mediolateral
AP
A fracture of the metacarpal neck is known as a _____ fracture. -Colles -Smith -Boxer -Bennett
Boxer
What anatomy is not well demonstrated when the PA oblique hand is performed as show in this photograph? -Radiocarpal articulation -Distal phalanges -IP joints -Metacarpals
Distal phalanges IP joints
Which of the following bones make up the wrist? -Five carpals -Five metacarpals -Eight carpals -Eight metacarpals
Eight carpals
What anatomy is indicated by the arrow in this figure? -Trochlea -Capitulum -Radial head -Olecranon process
Radial head
The central area of the long cylindrical shaft of the radius, ulna, and humerus is called the: -body. -neck. -styloid. -fissure.
body
The third metacarpal of the hand articulates with the: -lunate. -scaphoid. -hamate. -capitate.
capitate
The bone part shown in this figure is the: -distal ulna. -proximal ulna. -distal radius. -proximal radius.
proximal ulna.
The bone identified by the arrow in this figure is the: -ulna. -radius. -fibula. -humerus.
radius
Which two of the following projections clearly demonstrate the scaphoid? -PA oblique in medial rotation -PA in ulnar flexion -PA oblique in lateral rotation -PA axial (Stecher method)
-PA in ulnar flexion -PA axial (Stecher method)
Which fat pads are seen on a negative lateral elbow radiograph? 1. Anterior 2. Posterior 3. Supinator
1 and 3
For the lateral projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles are positioned: -perpendicular to the IR. -parallel to the IR. -superimposed on each other. -in 45-degree medial rotation.
-perpendicular to the IR -superimposed on each other.
Which of the following must be clearly demonstrated on an lateral projection of the humerus? 1. Elbow joint 2. Glenoid cavity 3. Shoulder joint
1 and 3
For the PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation, how many degrees is the central ray angled? -0 -5 -7 -5 to 7
0
How many degrees is the central-ray angled for a PA oblique projection of the wrist? -0 -5 -12 -0 to 5
0
The central-ray angulation for the PA projection of the hand is _____ degrees. -0 -5 -7 -3
0
What is the central-ray angulation for the AP elbow when the forearm is partially flexed? -0 degrees -5 degrees -10 degrees -5 to 10 degrees
0 degrees
How far above the humeral head should the upper margin of the IR be placed for a lateral projection of the humerus? -1/2 inch -1 inch -1 1/2 inches -2 inches
1 1/2 inches
How far above the humeral head should the upper margin of the IR be placed for an AP humerus? 1/2 inch -1 inch -1 1/2 inches -2 inches
1 1/2 inches
Which of the following joints should be clearly demonstrated on the AP projection of the forearm? 1. Wrist 2. Elbow 3. Proximal humerus
1 and 2
Which bone is labeled as letter E in the figure above? -Capitate -Scaphoid -Triquetrum -Lunate
Lunate
The lateral projection of the forearm should clearly demonstrate all of the following, except: -radius and ulna. -MCP joints. -elbow joint. -proximal row of carpal bones.
MCP joints
What anatomy is labeled as letter A in the image below? -Lateral epicondyle of the humerus -Medial epicondyle of the humerus -Coronoid process of the ulna -Trochlea
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
How is the upper extremity positioned for the lateral projection of the humerus? -Laterally rotated to place humeral epicondyles at a 45-degree angle -Medially rotated to place humeral epicondyles at a 45-degree angle -Laterally rotated to place the humeral epicondyles parallel with the IR -Medially rotated to place humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR
Medially rotated to place humeral epicondyles perpendicular to the IR
Which of the following passes through the carpal canal? -Radial vein -Radial nerve -Median vein -Median nerve
Median nerve
What anatomy of the third digit is labeled as letter C in the figure above? -Distal phalanx -Proximal phalanx -Middle phalanx -Metacarpal
Middle phalanx
Where is the central ray directed for a lateral projection of the humerus? -Elbow joint -Shoulder joint -Glenoid cavity -Midpoint of the humerus
Midpoint of the humerus
Where is the central ray directed for an AP projection of the humerus? -Elbow joint -Shoulder joint -Body of the humerus -Midpoint of the humerus
Midpoint of the humerus
Flexing the fingers for a PA projection of the wrist causes which of the following? -Placement of the carpal bones farther from the IR -Placement of the carpal bones closer to the IR -Less pain for the patient when the wrist is broken -Greater resolution of the carpal interspaces
Placement of the carpal bones closer to the IR
What anatomy of the third digit is labeled as letter D in the figure above? -Distal IP joint -Proximal IP joint -Metacarpophalangeal joint -Carpometacarpal joint
Proximal IP joint
For the AP projection of the elbow, the humeral epicondyles are positioned: -perpendicular to the IR. -parallel to the IR. -superimposed over each other. -not clearly seen.
parallel to the IR
If the IR and wrist are elevated for the PA axial projection of the wrist (Stecher method), the central ray orientation is: -perpendicular to the IR. -20 degrees toward the elbow. -20 degrees toward the hand. -variable according to the degree of IR/part elevation.
perpendicular to the IR
For a PA oblique projection of the first digit (thumb), the hand is positioned in: -supination. -pronation. -medial rotation. -lateral rotation.
pronation
For a PA projection of the second digit, the central ray is directed to the: -distal interphalangeal joint. -proximal interphalangeal joint. -metacarpophalangeal joint. -carpometacarpal joint.
proximal interphalangeal joint
Letter B in the image below labels the: -medial epicondyle of the humerus. -capitulum. -radial head. -trochlea.
radial head
The capitulum of the humerus articulates with the: -radial head. -trochlea. -lateral epicondyle. -ulnar coronoid process.
radial head
