Recent American History Ch. 2

In which year did the Chinese Communist Party seize control of China, declaring a socialist People's Republic?

1949

The parallel dividing North from South Korea is...?

38th

Chosin is...?

A battle that took place in North Korea.

The conflict in the Koreas helped to produce what kind of reaction in America?

A fervent anti-communism led by Senator McCarthy.

A favorite tactic of Joseph McCarthy's was to produce what item, as potential evidence of Communist activity?

A list of names.

Alger Hiss's secret documents were hidden in what?

A pumpkin.

Americans feared that the end of WWII would bring...

A return of the Great Depression.

The last two years of the Korean War were characterized by what?

A stalemate, with neither side able to make large gains, despite the heavy fighting.

During the Korean War, the United Nations sent troops to aid the South Koreans with 90% of the U.N. troops being from...?

America

What was the name of the generation that was characterized by the large post war birth rate (they are sucking up our social security benefits as we speak)?

Baby boomers

When confronted with strikes in the coal and railroad industries in 1946, President Truman's response was to...

Break the strikes by threatening a draft.

Who led the Chinese Nationalists on Formosa?

Chiang Kai-Shek

The removal of General Douglas MacArthur from command of the United States-United Nations forces during the Korean War exemplifies the constitutional principal of...?

Civilian control of the military.

The Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan shared the common goal of...

Containing Communism.

During the struggle in China between nationalists and communists after WWII, the United States...?

Continued to support Chiang Kai-Shek with money and weapons even when it became clear his cause was lost.

The investigation into the Alger Hiss case led to Hiss's...?

Conviction for perjury.

The immediate cause of the U.S. military involvement in the Korean peninsula in 1950 was the...

Creation of the DMZ (demilitarized zone) along the 38th parallel.

What party did President Truman belong to?

Democrat

Which US general was relieved of command during the Korean War, for making public statements critical of the government?

Douglas MacArthur

Who led the US occupation of Japan after WWII?

Douglas MacArthur

"If Washington only will not hobble me, I can handle it with one hand tied behind my back," was said by what person and refers to what event?

Douglas MacArthur and Korea

President Harry Truman justified using atomic bombs on Japan in 1945 on the grounds that the...

Early ending of the war would save many lives.

The origins of the Cold War lay in a fundamental disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union over postwar arrangements in...

Eastern Europe

Hirohito

Emperor of Japan

Name of the B-29 that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima

Enola Gay

A governmental action that was consistent with the Cold War mentality was the...?

Establishment of loyalty reviews of government employees.

To be blacklisted is a good thing? True or False

False

To which island did the Chinese Nationalists flee after being defeated by Mao and the Chinese Communists?

Formosa (another name for Taiwan)

"I have a terrific headache."

Franklin Roosevelt

"There is no substitute for victory," was said by...?

General Douglas MacArthur.

Hitler

Germany

Winston Churchill

Great Britain

______Is best known for investigating Communism in the film industry.

HUAC

For what is Jackie Robinson most remembered?

He was the first black baseball player in the major leagues.

Where did MacArthur make his famous amphibious assault?

Inchon

In the Korean War, the Chinese threatened a massive invasion of Korea if the United States...?

Invaded North Korea

What is true about the Chinese entry into the Korean War?

It pushed the anti-communist forces back rapidly all the way into South Korea.

Benito Mussolini

Italy

Who was the leader of North Korea?

Kim Il-Sung

The Yalu River is the border between...?

Korea and China

What kind of war did Truman hope to pursue in Korea?

Limited War

During the Korean war, why was General MacArthur fired as a commander of the anti-communist forces in Korea by the President?

MacArthur publicly disagreed with the President's policy of Limited War in Korea.

During the Korean War, after stopping the original communist invasion the anti-communist forces, commanded by General MacArthur, steadily drove the North Koreans back deep into North Korea. Then the war had a new development as Communist Chinese forces attacked in force. What is the most probable reason why the Chinese decided to enter the war?

MacArthur's aggressive policies and proclamations made the Chinese fear that they themselves might be attacked by the anti-communist forces.

Which revolutionary theorist, writer, and military commander became the first leader of communist China?

Mao Zedong

In May of 1949, China fell to________and became a_________nation?

Mao Zedong and Communist.

Which general replaced MacArthur after Truman dismissed him in 1951?

Matthew Ridgway

Attacks on those suspected of being Communists in the 1950's was called what?

McCarthyism.

NATO formed for the purpose of...

Mutual defense.

The ____________ appeared to be winning the Korean War until China actively entered the war.

Nationalists

When an armistice was signed ending the Korean War...?

North and South Korea were still divided along the 38th parallel.

How many civilians died in the fire bombings of Tokyo in March of 1945?

Over 100,000

The Manhattan Project...

Produced the atomic bomb.

The growth of McCarthyism in the early 1950's was based on...?

Public fear concerning the spread of Communism.

The ROK (South Korean) forces were pushed back to which major South Korean port at the beginning of the war?

Pusan

What is the capital of North Korea?

Pyongyang

Since the 1950's, the term McCarthyism has been applied to events that are related to what?

Reckless accusations unsupported by evidence.

President Harry Truman supported a containment policy after WWII in an attempt to...

Reduce the influence of the Soviet Union in European countries.

A major political consequence of the Cold War during Truman's presidency was that...?

Republicans used public dissatisfaction with the Cold War to strengthen their hand.

The House on Un-American Activites Committee was...?

Responsible for a series of highly publicized hearings designed to expose Communist influence in American life.

The young Republican that emerged from the HUAC hearings as an ardent anticommunist, would help his political career.

Richard Nixon

Who led a "witch hunt" for Communist spies in the United States government during the early 1950's?

Senator Joseph McCarthy.

"Those of us who shout the loudest about Americanism in making character assassinations are all too frequently those who, by our own words and acts, ignore some of the basic principles of Americanism." This criticism of Senator Joseph McCarthy and his supporters suggests that...?

Senator McCarthy was a greater threat to the nation than Communist sympathizers were.

What is the capital of South Korea?

Seoul

Alger Hiss, who was accused in 1948 of having once been a member of a secret communist cell in the government, in 1945 had...?

Served as an aide in the State Department.

The phrase "Iron Curtain," used by Winston Churchill in his 1946 speech at Fulton, Missouri, refers to what?

Soviet domination of Eastern Europe.

Name the political parties of Strom Thurmond, Henry Wallace, Harry S. Truman, and Thomas E. Dewey.

Strom Thurmond- Dixiecrat Henry Wallace- Progressive Harry S. Truman- Democratic Thomas E. Dewey- Republican

At the beginning of the Korean War, North Korea was...?

Strongly supported by the Soviet Union.

President Truman's Marshall Plan called for...

Substantial financial assistance to rebuild Western Europe.

The victors in the Chinese Civil War were the...

Supporters of Mao Zedong (Communist)

Who was the leader of South Korea?

Syngman Rhee

Who was the pro-Western, anti communist leader of South Korea between 1948 and 1960?

Syngman Rhee

In the 1940's and early 1950's the House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC)...?

Targeted the film industry.

In August 1945 the Allies divided the Korean peninsula into two parts, divided by which line?

The 38th Parallel.

McCarthyism spawned a hysteria that swept over the nation during the early Cold War. Accusations of links to Communism ruined numerous people and their careers. The decline of Joe McCarthy came after his televised hearings with...?

The Army.

What required organizations thought to be Communist to register with the government?

The Internal Security Act.

How did the war go in its early months - June to September 1950?

The North Korean army conquered almost all the country.

HUAC, which investigated suspected Communists in the 1950's, was an American committee containing members of which body?

The State Department.

The Truman Doctrine pledged that...

The United States would support free people resisting subjugation by insurrection or outside interference.

What was a cause for the investigations of the House on Un-American Activities Committee in the late 1940's and the investigations of a Senate committee headed by Joseph McCarthy in the early 1950's?

The belief that there were Communist agents in the federal government.

As a result of the Korean War...?

The border between North and South Korea was restored at the 38th parallel, the Korean Peninsula became the site of prolonged, unresolved tensions, the United Nations sponsored military action to restore the sovereignty of South Korea, and China intervened when provoked by American troops on its border.

A similarity between the Red Scare of the 1920's and McCarthyism in the 1950's was that during each period...?

The civil liberties of American citizens were threatened.

In the late 1940's HUAC conducted a series of famous hearings into suspected Communists and Communist ideas in which field?

The film industry.

In 1948 President Truman desegregated...

The military

What situation resulted from Senator Joseph McCarthy's search for Communists within the United States during the 1950's?

The reputations of many people were ruined by false accusations of disloyalty.

What did the Japanese Constitution of 1947 ban?

The right to wage war.

Why didn't the Russians veto the US motion in the United Nations to defend South Korea?

They were boycotting the UN.

A subversive is a person who tries to undermine the power and authority of an established system or institution. True or False

True

What statement best describes the turn of events after China's involvement in the Korean War?

U.N. forces were pushed back deep into South Korea.

Joseph Stalin

USSR

In 1945 the war left only these nations with the economic and military strength to significantly influence post WWII world affairs.

United States and USSR

What nations share a land border with communist China?

Vietnam, North Korea, and the Soviet Union.

During the Korean War, Douglas MacArthur...?

Was overconfident and criticized Truman's actions.

Julius and Ethel Rosenberg...?

Were executed for passing American atomic secrets to the Soviet Union.

Joseph McCarthy gained national attention by alleging communist infiltration of the State Department, in a 1950 speech delivered where?

Wheeling, West Virginia.

What is a statement regarding the consequences of the Korean War?

When the war ended, no nation made any significant gain in territory or economic concessions. The dividing line between North and South was almost the same as when the war began.

Truman's style of campaign in the 1948 Presidential election.

Whistle Stop

The Truman administration's decision to oppose the invasion of South Korea by North Korea in June, 1950 was made...?

Without congressional approval.