Red Book - Abdomen Review
Which of the following would not be a laboratory finding typically analyzed with suspected gallbladder disease ?
Alpha - Fetoprotein
Which of the following is typically transmitted through contaminated water found . places such as Mexico , Central America , South America , Asia , India , and Africa ?
Amebic liver abscess
Which of the following is an artifact that alters the echogenicity of a tendon ?
Anisotropy
The right portal vein divides into :
Anterior and posterior branches
The right lobe of the liver can be divided into :
Anterior and posterior segments
Which of the following would be least likely to cause focal gallbladder wall thickening ?
Ascites
The insulinoma is a :
Benign pancreatic tumor
The TIPS shunt is placed :
Between a portal vein and hepatic vein
A type of reverberation artifact caused by several small , highly reflective interfaces , such as gas bubbles , describes :
Comet tail artifact
A 71 - year - old patient presents to the emergency department with painless jaundice and an enlarged , palpable gallbladder . These findings are highly suspicious for :
Courvoisier gallbladder
The direct blood supply to the gallbladder is the :
Cystic artery
Clinical findings of fatty infiltration of the liver include :
Elevated liver function tests
A collection of abdominal fluid within the peritoneal cavity often associated with cancer is termed :
Exudate ascites
Sonographically , when the liver is difficult to penetrate and diffusely echogenic , this is indicative of :
Fatty liver disease
Hepatization of the gallbladder occurs when the gallbladder :
Fills with sludge
Which of the following benign liver masses is typically isoechoic and contains a central scar ?
Focal nodular hyperplasia
Empyema of the gallbladder denotes :
Gallbladder filled with pus
What is / are cholelithiasis ?
Gallstones
Acute cholecystitis that leads to necrosis and abscess development within the gallbladder wall describes :
Gangrenous cholecystitis
The covering of the liver is referred to as :
Glisson capsule
A tumor that consists of a group of inflammatory cells best describes the :
Granuloma
Which of the following is considered the most common benign childhood hepatic mass ?
Hemangioendothelioma
Which of the following laboratory values would be most helpful in evaluating a patient who has suffered from recent trauma ?
Hematocrit
A tumor that consists of a focal collection of blood best describes the :
Hematoma
The childhood syndrome Beckwith - Weidemann is associated with an increased risk for developing :
Hepatoblastoma
Normal flow toward the liver in the portal veins is termed :
Hepatopetal
Which of the following is a tumor marker that may be used in cases of suspected testicular malignancy ?
Human chorionic gonadotropin ( beta - hCG )
Which of the following is associated with E. granulosus ?
Hydatid liver cyst
Which of the following masses would be most worrisome for malignancy ?
Hyperechoic mass with a hypoechoic halo
Right - sided heart failure often leads to enlargement of the :
IVC and hepatic veins
Which of the following is not a rule of surgical asepsis ?
If one sterile person must pass another , they must pass face - to face .
The main portal vein divides into :
Left and right branches
Which of the following is the space located between the pancreas and the stomach ?
Lesser sac
The left umbilical vein after birth becomes the :
Ligamentum teres
Shortly after birth , the ductus venosus collapses and becomes the :
Ligamentum venosum
Of the list below , which is considered to be an intraperitoneal organ ?
Liver
Transitional cell carcinoma is commonly found in all of the following locations except: a.Liver b.Renal pelvis c.Urinary bladder d.Ureter
Liver
Normal flow within the hepatic artery should demonstrate a :
Low - resistance wave form pattern , with a quick upstroke , and gradual deceleration with diastole
Which structure is a useful landmark for identifying the gallbladder ?
Main lobar fissure
The hepatoma is a :
Malignant tumor of the liver
The hepatoblastoma is a :
Malignant tumor of the pediatric liver
The left portal vein divides into :
Medial and lateral branches
The left lobe of the liver can be divided into :
Medial and lateral segments
The ligamentum teres can be used to separate the :
Medial and lateral segments of the left lobe
Which of the following is the most common form of liver cancer ?
Metastatic liver disease
All of the following are located within the porta hepatis except :
Middle hepatic vein
The left lobe of the liver can be separated from the right lobe by the :
Middle hepatic vein
The main lobar fissure contains the :
Middle hepatic vein
Which part of the gallbladder is involved in Hartmann pouch ?
Neck
Which of the following is another name for the Wilms tumor ?
Nephroblastoma
Which of the following are not considered retroperitoneal organs ?
Ovaries
The gastrinoma would most likely be discovered in the :
Pancreas
Which of the following has both an endocrine and an exocrine function ?
Pancreas
Which of the following is not considered to be an intraperitoneal organ ?
Pancreas
The inferior extension of the caudate lobe is referred to as :
Papillary process
These potential spaces extend alongside the ascending and descending colon on both sides of the abdomen .
Paracolic gutters
The right intersegmental fissure contains the :
Right hepatic vein
The right lobe of the liver is divided into segments by the :
Right hepatic vein
What is the artifact most likely encountered posterior to a gallstone ?
Shadowing
Which of the following is associated with cholelithiasis and is characteristically found in Africans or people of African descent ?
Sickle cell disease
Which of the following is not an endocrine organ or structure ?
Spleen
A tumor that consists of tissue from all three germ cell layers is the :
Teratoma
The diameter of the portal vein should not exceed :
13 mm
The gallbladder wall should measure not more than :
3 mm
The diameter of the gallbladder should not exceed :
5 cm
The neuroblastoma is a malignant pediatric mass commonly found in the:
Adrenal gland
The pheochromocytoma is a benign mass commonly located in the:
Adrenal gland
The most common cause of cirrhosis is :
Alcoholism
Which of the following occurs when the Doppler sampling rate ( pulse - repetition frequency ) is not high enough to display the Doppler frequency shift ?
Aliasing
This common tumor of the kidney consists of blood vessels , muscle , and fat .
Angiomyolipoma
The term cholangiocarcinoma denotes
Bile duct carcinoma
What form of hepatic abnormality are immunocompromised patients more prone to develop ?
Candidiasis
What hormone causes the gallbladder to contract ?
Cholecystokinin
The diffuse polypoid appearance of the gallbladder referred to as strawberry gallbladder is seen with :
Cholesterolosis
The malignant testicular tumor that consists of trophoblastic cells is the :
Choriocarcinoma
The middle layer of the gallbladder wall is the :
Fibromuscular layer
Which hepatic mass is closely associated with oral contraceptive use ?
Hepatic adenoma
All of the following are sequela of cirrhosis except :
Hepatic artery contraction
Budd - Chiari syndrome leads to a reduction in the size of the :
Hepatic veins
Which of the following is the most common reason for a liver transplant ?
Hepatitis C
A tumor that is of similar echotexture to normal liver tissue is discovered in the liver of an asymptomatic patient . What is the echogenicity of the tumor ?
Isoechoic
The innermost layer of the gallbladder wall is the :
Mucosal layer
Clinical findings of hepatitis include all of the following except :
Pericholecystic fluid
Which of the following is not a pediatric malignant tumor ?
Pheochromocytoma
The most common variant of gallbladder shape is the :
Phrygian cap
Which of the following is true about the portal veins ?
Portal veins have brighter walls than the hepatic veins .
What is another name for Morrison pouch ?
Posterior right subhepatic space
All of the following are clinical findings of HCC except :
Reduction in AFP
Which of the following is caused by the bending of the ultrasound beam when it passes through an interface between two tissues with vastly dissimilar speeds of sound and the angle of the approach is not perpendicular ?
Refraction
The hypernephroma may also be referred to as the :
Renal cell carcinoma
A tonguelike extension of the right lobe of the liver is termed :
Riedel lobe
The cystic artery is most often a direct branch of the :
Right hepatic artery
The outermost layer of the gallbladder wall is the :
Serosal layer
An angiosarcoma would most likely be discovered in the :
Spleen
Which of the following is not a salivary gland ?
Thyroid gland
Normal flow within the hepatic veins is said to be :
Triphasic
What is a substance produced by a cancerous tumor or an organ or structure in response to cancer?
Tumor marker
Which of the following occurs behind strong , granular , and irregular surfaces like crystals , calculi , or calcifications such as a kidney stone ?
Twinkle artifact
A patient with cholecystitis most likely has an elevation in which of the following labs?
WBC count
Which of the following is considered to be a malignant testicular neoplasm ?
Yolk sac tumor