Reign of Terror FR IDs 29-48

Georges Jacques Danton The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

Georges Jacques Danton was born on October 26, 1759 and he died on April 5, 1794. Georges was a politician throughout the French Revolution. Georges was the first president of the Committee of Public Safety.

Execution of Louis XVI The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

Louis XVI was executed on January 21, 1793 at the Place de la Concorde in Paris, France. He was executed by guillotine. King Louis XVI was sentenced to guillotine because he was found guilty of having foreign powers.

Maximilian Robespierre The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

Maximilian Robespierre was born on May 6, 1758 and he died on July 28,1794 by guillotine. Robespierre was the architect of the Reign of Terror of the French Revolution. He did not believe in the death penalty and slavery. He also was an advocate for democratic reforms. Despite all of this, he let his power get to him which made him turn into a hateful tyrant.

Place de la Concorde (Revolution/Execution Square) The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

Place de la Concorde is located in Paris. It is where the guillotine stood during the French Revolution. Now, an obelisk marks the spot of where the guillotine stood.

Republicanism The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

Republicanism was created in the 1960s. Republicanism is a form of government where a state is ruled by representatives of the citizen party. It led Americans to desire a government in which the power would come from the people. It made them want to further individual and economic independence.

Committee of Public Safety (name main members/roles) The Reign of Terror

The Committee of Public Safety was founded in September 1793. Its main members were Robespierre, Georges Couthon, and Louis de Saint-Just, who specialized in general political matters. Lazare Carnot specialized in military affairs and Robert Lindet specialized in supplies. The Jacobians established it and aimed to address French safety, social engineering, and terror to restore order.

Constitution of 1795 (The Conservative Phase)

The Constitution of 1795 was created on August 22 1795. The Constitution was established during the Thermidorian Reaction in the French Revolution. The Constitution of 1795 formed a liberal republic with a charter based on the payment of taxes. It would help to slow down the legislative process.

The Continental System (The ConservativePhase)

The Continental System was initiated by the Berlin decrees on November 21, 1806. The Continental System was designed to stop Great Britain through the demolition of British trade. It was Napoleon's strategy to wear out Britain's economy by banning trade between Britain and the states inhabited by or associated with France. This eventually led to the fall of Napoleon and it was proved ineffective.

The De-Christianization Program The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The De-Christianization Program caused the exercise of religion to be banned. Holidays were replaced with triumphs of the French Revolution, church lands were distributed to the poor, and the royal measurement system was replaced with the metric system. The cathedral of Notre Dame in Paris was turned into the "Temple of Treason" as revenge for the Church organizing counter revolutionary movements. The Paris commune system supported the destruction of royal and religious statues, the ban on clergal dress and the encouragement of the clergy to give up their vocations. Also, the deportation of priests was denounced by 6 citizens.

The Directory Government (name members/structure/role) (The Conservative Phase)

The Directory Government lasted for 4 years; From November 1795 to November 1799. The members of this government were Paul François, Jean Nicolas, and vicomte de Barras. These men held the executive power in France. The Directory Government used military force to put down uprisings.

Revolutionary Tribunal The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The Revolutionary Tribunal was created by the National Convention in 1793. They were politically motivated courts formed by the National Convention. The Revolutionary Tribunals were used for the trial of political criminals.

Law of 22 Prairial The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The Law of 22 Prairial was authorized on June 10, 1794. The Committee of Public Safety clarified the judicial process to one of accusation and execution. The Law of 22 Prairal was passed to make revolutionary justice efficient, rejecting the accused any successful right to self-defense it eliminates all sentences other than death or absolution.

Law of Suspects The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The Law of Suspects was a decree passed on September 17, 1793 by the National Convention. The Law of Suspects introduced the saying that subjects had to demonstrate their innocence. The purpose of this decree was to roughly define was had to be arrested and inspected prior to the revolutionary tribunals.

Levée en Masse The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The Levée en Masse was ordered on August 23,1793. It was an emergency course of action to increase the manpower that was believed by the generals to save the patrie en danger and to throw off the danger of annexation.

National Convention The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The National Convention was formed on September 21, 1792. It was the first French assembly that was chosen by vote without the differences of the different classes. The National Assembly was elected to provide a new constitution for the new country and overthrow the monarchy.

Revolutionary Calendar The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The Revolutionary Calendar was established on October 5, 1793. The Revolutionary Calendar was created during the French Revolution and was intended to be a more rational and scientific system that would steer clear of Christian associations. Instead of 7 weeks, there were 10 weeks, and the holidays were changed to national holidays.

Sans-Culottes The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The Sans-Culottes was formed in 1792. The Sans-Culottes were made up of small shopkeepers, tradesmen, and artisans who shared many of the same ideals of their middle-class representatives in government. The Sans-Culottes wanted a democratic government with a universal vote. They also wanted price control on essential goods and foods. They were best known for bringing put political change by using intimidation and mob violence.

September Massacres (1792) The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The September Massacres occurred from September 2 to September 6 in 1792. The September Massacres was a mass killing of prisoners, which took place in Paris. The Massacres affected the government by provoking disputes between the political groups of the Montagnards and the Girondins.

Thermidorian Reaction (The Conservative Phase)

The Thermidorian Reaction occurred on July 27, 1794. The Thermidorian Reaction resulted in the fall of Robespierre and the fall of revolutionary passion and the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution. The Thermidorian Reaction was caused by the vote from the National Convention to kill Robespierre and other main members of the revolutionary government.

War in the Vendée The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The War in the Vendée started in March 1793 and ended in March 1796. The War in Vendée occured because the people of the Vendée resisted the rising land taxes, the national government's attacks on the church, the growth of the revolutionary war, the introduction of conscription, and the execution of Louis XVI. The war left significant traces on French politics.

The Guillotine The Reign of Terror (The Radical Stage)

The guillotine was invented in 1789 and was first used in 1792. Nicolas Jacques Pelletier was the first person to be executed by the guillotine. The purpose of the guillotine was meant to be a compassionate form of capital punishment because it lessened the suffering.