Renal, Urinary, Reproductive system

A female client has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections. What should the nurse include in the teaching plan when educating the client about health practices that may help decrease future urinary tract infections? 1 "Wear cotton underpants." 2 "Void at least every 6 hours." 3 "Increase foods containing alkaline ash in the diet." 4 "Wipe from back to front after toileting."

"Wear cotton underpants."

A client is taught how to change the dressing and how to care for a recently inserted nephrostomy tube. On the day of discharge the client states, "I hope I can handle all this at home; it's a lot to remember." Which is the best response by the nurse? 1 "I'm sure you can do it." 2 "Oh, a family member can do it for you." 3 "You seem to be nervous about going home." 4 "Perhaps you can stay in the hospital another day."

"You seem to be nervous about going home."

What is the action of vasopressin? 1 Promotes sodium reabsorption 2 Reabsorbs water into the capillaries 3 Promotes tubular secretion of sodium 4 Stimulates bone marrow to make red blood cells

Reabsorbs water into the capillaries

Which hormone influences kidney function? 1 Renin 2 Bradykinin 3 Aldosterone 4 Erythropoietin

Aldosterone

A client reports an absence of menstruation to the nurse. Which condition does the nurse suspect? 1 Gonorrhea 2 Amenorrhea 3 Dysmenorrhea 4 Ectopic pregnancy

Amenorrhea

A nurse evaluates that a client with chronic kidney disease understands an adequate source of high biologic-value (HBV) protein when the client selects which food from the menu? 1 Apple juice 2 Raw carrots 3 Cottage cheese 4 Whole wheat bread

Cottage cheese

A client arrives at a health clinic reporting hematuria, frequency, urgency, and pain on urination. Which diagnosis will the nurse most likely observe written in the client's medical record? 1 Chronic glomerulonephritis 2 Nephrotic syndrome 3 Pyelonephritis 4 Cystitis

Cystitis

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of cancer of the liver with ascites and is scheduled for a paracentesis. Which nursing intervention is appropriate to include in the client's plan of care? 1 Cleansing the intestinal tract 2 Marking the anesthetic insertion site 3 Discussing the operating room set-up 4 Having the client void before the procedure

Having the client void before the procedure

The nurse finds that a client with a urinary disorder has very pale-yellow-colored urine. What is the significance of this abnormal finding? 1 It indicates dilute urine. 2 It indicates blood in the urine. 3 It indicates concentrated urine. 4 It indicates the presence of myoglobin.

It indicates dilute urine.

A pathology report states that a client's urinary calculus is composed of uric acid. Which food item should the nurse instruct the client to avoid? 1 Milk 2 Liver 3 Cheese 4 Vegetables

Liver

Which hormone elevations indicate Turner syndrome? Select all that apply. Lutropin Prolactin Follitropin Testosterone Progesterone

Lutropin Follitropin

The nurse finds that a client has reduced urinary output. Which condition would the nurse document in the client's medical record? 1 Anuria 2 Dysuria 3 Oliguria 4 Nocturia

Oliguria

Which part of the female reproductive system produces testosterone in females? 1 Uterus 2 Ovary 3 Fallopian tube 4 Ovarian follicle

Ovary

The nurse is performing a physical examination of a client by placing the left hand on the back and supporting the client's right side between the rib cage and the iliac crest. Which physical assessment maneuver is the nurse performing on this client? 1 Palpation 2 Inspection 3 Percussion 4 Auscultation

Palpation

The nurse is educating student nurses about the anatomy and physiology of the kidneys. What term does the nurse explain is used for the tip of the pyramid of a kidney? 1 Calyx 2 Papilla 3 Renal pelvis 4 Renal column

Papilla

Which phase of the woman's sexual response is characterized by elevation of the uterus? 1 Plateau phase 2 Orgasmic phase 3 Excitation phase 4 Resolution phase

Plateau phase

The nurse is educating new parents about circumcision. Which structure of the penis would this nurse tell the parents is removed during circumcision? 1 Glans 2 Prepuce 3 Epididymis 4 Vas deferens

Prepuce

Which urinalysis finding indicates a urinary tract infection? 1 Presence of crystals 2 Presence of bilirubin 3 Presence of ketones 4 Presence of leukoesterase

Presence of leukoesterase

A nurse is teaching a birthing/prenatal class about breast-feeding. Which hormone stimulates the production of milk during lactation? 1 Inhibin 2 Estrogen 3 Prolactin 4 Progesterone

Prolactin

A client is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit after undergoing a pyelolithotomy. The client's urinary output is 50 mL/hr. What should the nurse do? 1 Record the output as an expected finding. 2 Encourage the client to drink oral fluids. 3 Milk the client's nephrostomy tube. 4 Notify the primary healthcare provider.

Record the output as an expected finding.

he nurse is assessing an elderly male. Which finding is seen with aging? 1 Symmetrical testes 2 Reduced size of testes 3 Presence of pubic hair 4 Presence of foreskin on the penis

Reduced size of testes

A nurse is providing client teaching to a woman who has recurrent urinary tract infections. Which information should the nurse include concerning the reason why women are more susceptible to urinary tract infections than men? 1 Inadequate fluid intake 2 Poor hygienic practices 3 The length of the urethra 4 The continuity of mucous membranes

The length of the urethra

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a male client who had an ureterolithotomy. The client has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). For which indicators of a UTI should the nurse instruct the client to be on the alert? 1 Urgency or frequency of urination 2 An increase of ketones in the urine 3 The inability to maintain an erection 4 Pain radiating to the external genitalia

Urgency or frequency of urination

A couple approaches the primary healthcare provider to seek guidance on permanent contraception. Which surgeries are suggested to the couple? Select all that apply. 1 Vasectomy 2 Cryosurgery 3 Mastectomy 4 Varicocelectomy 5 Tubal ligation

Vasectomy Tubal ligation

function of fallopian tubes

transport the ova from the ovary to the uterus each month

A student nurse is caring for a client with chronic kidney failure who is to be treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Which statement by the student nurse indicates to the primary nurse that the student nurse understands the purpose of this therapy? 1 "It provides continuous contact of dialyzer and blood to clear toxins by ultrafiltration." 2 "It exchanges and cleanses blood by correction of electrolytes and excretion of creatinine." 3 "It decreases the need for immobility because it clears toxins in short and intermittent periods." 4 "It uses the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to clear toxins by osmosis and diffusion."

"It uses the peritoneum as a semipermeable membrane to clear toxins by osmosis and diffusion."

A client who had a transurethral resection of the prostate is transferred to the postanesthesia care unit with an intravenous (IV) line and a urinary retention catheter. For which major complication is it most important for the nurse to assess during the immediate postoperative period? 1 Sepsis 2 Phlebitis 3 Hemorrhage 4 Leakage around the IV catheter

Hemorrhage

Which statement indicates the nurse has a correct understanding about kidney ultrasonography? 1 Kidney ultrasonography primarily makes use of iodinated contrast dye. 2 Kidney ultrasonography is performed on the client with an empty bladder. 3 Kidney ultrasonography makes use of sound waves and has minimal risk. 4 Kidney ultrasonography gives three-dimensional information regarding kidneys.

Kidney ultrasonography makes use of sound waves and has minimal risk.

55-year-old client reports cessation of menstrual periods. Which term best describes the client's condition? 1 Menarche 2 Menopause 3 Dyspareunia 4 Amenorrhea

Menopause

A nurse is counseling a woman who had recurrent urinary tract infections. Which factor should the nurse explain is the reason why women are at a greater risk than men for contracting a urinary tract infection? 1 Altered urinary pH 2 Hormonal secretions 3 Juxtaposition of the bladder 4 Proximity of the urethra to the anus

Proximity of the urethra to the anus

nurse is counseling a woman who has had recurrent urinary tract infections. Which factor should the nurse explain is the reason why women are at a greater risk than men for contracting a urinary tract infection? 1 Altered urinary pH 2 Hormonal secretions 3 Juxtaposition of the bladder 4 Proximity of the urethra to the anus

Proximity of the urethra to the anus

Which retrograde procedure involves the examination of the ureters and the renal pelvises? 1 Cystogram 2 Pyelogram 3 Urethrogram 4 Voiding cystourethrogram

Pyelogram

Which diagnostic tests are used to measure the kidney size of a client with kidney dysfunction? Select all that apply. 1 Cystoscopy 2 Cystography 3 Radiography 4 Cystourethrography 5 Computed tomography (CT)

Radiography Computed tomography (CT)

A nurse is evaluating a client's understanding of peritoneal dialysis. Which information in the client's response indicates an understanding of the purpose of the procedure? 1 Reestablishing kidney function 2 Cleaning the peritoneal membrane 3 Providing fluid for intracellular spaces 4 Removing toxins in addition to other metabolic wastes

Removing toxins in addition to other metabolic wastes

Which statement is true regarding the functions of kidney hormones? 1 Prostaglandin increases blood flow and vascular permeability. 2 Bradykinin regulates intrarenal blood flow via vasodilation or vasoconstriction. 3 Renin raises blood pressure because of angiotensin and aldosterone secretion. 4 Erythropoietin promotes the absorption of calcium in the gastrointestinal tract (GI) tract.

Renin raises blood pressure because of angiotensin and aldosterone secretion.

A male client has discharge from the penis. Gonorrhea is suspected. To obtain a specimen for a culture, what should the nurse do? 1 Instruct the client to provide a semen specimen. 2 Swab the discharge when it appears on the prepuce. 3 Instruct the client how to obtain a clean catch specimen of urine. 4 Swab the drainage directly from the urethra to obtain a specimen.

Swab the drainage directly from the urethra to obtain a specimen.

A nurse is notified that the latest potassium level for a client in acute kidney injury is 6.2 mEq (6.2 mmol/L). Which action should the nurse take first? 1 Alert the cardiac arrest team. 2 Call the laboratory to repeat the test. 3 Take vital signs and notify the primary healthcare provider. 4 Obtain an electrocardiogram (ECG) strip and obtain an antiarrhythmic medication.

Take vital signs and notify the primary healthcare provider.

A client with an indwelling catheter is prescribed a urinalysis test. Arrange the steps involved in the collection of the urine sample in correct order. 1. Aspirate the urine 2. Remove the clamp 3. Attach a sterile syringe 4. Clamp drainage tubing

1.Clamp drainage tubing 2.Attach a sterile syringe 3.Aspirate the urine 4.Remove the clamp

How long will a client's ovum stay viable after its release to get fertilized? 1 72 hours 2 74 hours 3 76 hours 4 78 hours

72 hours

A client with chronic renal failure has been on hemodialysis for 2 years. The client communicates with the nurse in the dialysis unit in an angry, critical manner and is frequently noncompliant with medications and diet. The nurse can best intervene by first considering that the client's behavior is most likely for which reason? 1 An attempt to punish the nursing staff 2 A constructive method of accepting reality 3 A defense against underlying depression and fear 4 An effort to maintain life and to live it as fully as possible

A defense against underlying depression and fear

Which is a primary glomerular disease? 1 Diabetic glomerulopathy 2 Chronic glomerulonephritis 3 Hemolytic-uremic syndrome 4 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Chronic glomerulonephritis

A nurse is assessing the urine of a client with a urinary tract infection. For which characteristic should the nurse assess each specimen of urine? 1 Clarity 2 Viscosity 3 Glucose level 4 Specific gravity

Clarity

What instruction regarding sample collection should the nurse give a client who is ordered a clean-catch urine specimen? 1 Urinate small amount, stop flow, fill half of cup 2 Collect the last urine sample voided in the night 3 Keep the urine sample in dry warm area if delay is anticipated 4 Send the urine sample to the laboratory within 6 hours of collection

Urinate small amount, stop flow, fill half of cup

A client is admitted to the hospital with severe flank pain, nausea, and hematuria caused by a ureteral calculus. What should be the nurse's initial intervention? 1 Strain all urine output. 2 Increase oral fluid intake. 3 Obtain a urine specimen for culture. 4 Administer the prescribed analgesic.

Administer the prescribed analgesic.

A client is admitted to the hospital from the emergency department with a diagnosis of urolithiasis. The nurse reviews the client's clinical record and performs an admission assessment. Which is the priority nursing action? 1 Strain the client's urine. 2 Place the client in the high-Fowler position. 3 Administer the prescribed morphine. 4 Collect a urine specimen for culture and sensitivity.

Administer the prescribed morphine

The nurse is teaching a client receiving peritoneal dialysis about the reason dialysis solution is warmed before it is instilled into the peritoneal cavity. Which information will the nurse share with the client? 1 Because it forces potassium back into the cells, thereby decreasing serum levels 2 Because it adds extra warmth to the body because metabolic processes are disturbed 3 Because it helps prevent cardiac dysrhythmias by speeding up removal of excess potassium 4 Because it encourages removal of serum urea by preventing constriction of peritoneal blood vessels

Because it encourages removal of serum urea by preventing constriction of peritoneal blood vessels

The nurse observes a client with kidney failure has increased rate and depth of breathing. Which laboratory parameter does the nurse suspect is associated with this client's condition? 1 Potassium 8 mEq/L 2 Hemoglobin 10 g/dL 3 Phosphorous 7 mg/dL 4 Bicarbonate 15 mEq/L

Bicarbonate 15 mEq/L

A nurse is reviewing the clinical record of a client with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Which test result will the nurse check to confirm the diagnosis? 1 Rectal examination 2 Serum phosphatase level 3 Biopsy of prostatic tissue 4 Massage of prostatic fluid

Biopsy of prostatic tissue

The nurse is aware that the Cowper gland is also often referred to by which other term? 1 Skene gland 2 Prostate gland 3 Bartholin gland 4 Bulbourethral gland

Bulbourethral gland

A postmenopausal woman who has cancer of the breast decides to have a lumpectomy followed by chemotherapy. After receiving chemotherapy for several weeks, she tells the nurse that she does not feel well. The nurse reviews the medical record and notices WBCs 2200/mm3 (2.2 x 109/L), RBCs 4.0 million/mm3 (4.7 x 1012/L), hemoglobin 12.0 g/dL (120 mmol/L), hematocrit 38%, platelets 170,000/mm3 (170 x 109/L). Vital signs are heart rate 97 beats/minute, respiration rate 25 breaths/minute, oral temperature 99.1 ºF (37.3 ºC), blood pressure 110/72. Based on this information, what does the nurse conclude is the client's priority need? 1 Promoting rest 2 Preventing infection 3 Avoiding bodily harm 4 Maintaining fluid balance

Preventing infection

Radium inserted in the vagina of a client now is being removed. Which safety precaution should the nurse employ when assisting with the radium removal? 1 Clean the radium in ether or alcohol. 2 Wear foil-lined rubber gloves while handling the radium. 3 Ensure that long forceps are available for removing the radium. 4 Document how long the radium was in place and when it was removed.

Ensure that long forceps are available for removing the radium.

Which test helps to identify fibroids, tumors, and fistulas while performing a reproductive tract examination? 1 Mammography 2 Ultrasonography 3 Hysterosalpingography 4 Computed tomography

Hysterosalpingography

Which part of the kidney produces the hormone bradykinin? 1 Kidney tissues 2 Kidney parenchyma 3 Renin-producing granular cells 4 Juxtaglomerular cells of the arterioles

Juxtaglomerular cells of the arterioles

A nurse educates the client about the relationship between the kidneys and blood pressure. Which term should the nurse use to describe the part of the kidney that senses changes in blood pressure? 1 Calices 2 Glomerulus 3 Macula densa 4 Juxtaglomerular cells

Macula densa

A client is diagnosed with condyloma acuminatum. Which finding in the client supports the diagnosis? 1 Macules on the penis 2 Pus-filled ulcers on the penis 3 Swollen penis with tight foreskin 4 Moist, fleshy projections on the penis

Moist, fleshy projections on the penis

A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of cancer of the prostate. The nurse should teach the client that which serum level will be monitored throughout the course of the disease? 1 Albumin 2 Creatinine 3 Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 4 Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)

The nurse provides discharge instructions to a male client who had an ureterolithotomy. The client has a history of recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs). For which indicators of a UTI should the nurse instruct the client? 1 Urgency or frequency of urination 2 An increase of ketones in the urine 3 The inability to maintain an erection 4 Pain radiating to the external genitalia

Urgency or frequency of urination

A client who is recovering from deep partial-thickness burns develops chills, fever, flank pain, and malaise. The primary healthcare provider makes a tentative diagnosis of urinary tract infection. Which diagnostic tests should the nurse expect the primary healthcare provider to prescribe to confirm this diagnosis? 1 Cystoscopy and bilirubin level 2 Specific gravity and pH of the urine 3 Urinalysis and urine culture and sensitivity 4 Creatinine clearance and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio

Urinalysis and urine culture and sensitivity

The nurse is caring for a client in the postanesthesia care unit. The client had a suprapubic prostatectomy for cancer of the prostate and has a continuous bladder irrigation (CBI) in place. Which primary goal is the nurse trying to achieve with the CBI? 1 Stimulate continuous formation of urine. 2 Facilitate the measurement of urinary output. 3 Prevent the development of clots in the bladder. 4 Provide continuous pressure on the prostatic fossa.

prevent the development of clots in the bladder.