Research knowledge checks
According to Makic et al (2014) what is the best way to confirm placement of a feeding tube when radiography is not available in a pediatric population? testing aspirate for pH and color detecting carbon dioxide using colometry or capnography testing aspirate for presence of bilirubin and trypsin testing aspirate for concentration of pepsin
testing aspirate for pH and color
A nurse planning a research project wants to know more about their sample. Which of the following would be considered a demographic variable? Pain intensity Socioeconomic status Heart rate Oral temperature
Socioeconomic status
According to Peterson et al (2014), what type of evidence is considered to be the strongest? Meta-synthesis of related qualitative studies Findings from non-experimental research Similar findings from individual replicated studies Systematic reviews of Random Controlled Trials (RCTs).
Systematic reviews of Random Controlled Trials (RCTs).
Which of the following would be considered to be a research hypothesis? Were there improvements in outcome data in caregivers' level of heart failure caregiving burden, confidence and preparedness in providing heart failure home care? What was the state of the art of medicine and nursing regarding childhood malnutrition in the late 19th and early 20th century? The participants will decrease tobacco consumption at the end of the intervention compared to baseline. Study aims were to determine the risk of breast feeding cessation over time.
The participants will decrease tobacco consumption at the end of the intervention compared to baseline.
A nursing student is critiquing a study for her nursing research class She feels like the study findings are generalizable to other settings and populations because it has a small sample size which was obtained by convenience the sampling criteria for subjects was very narrow and restrictive, to provide a homogenous sample. there is consistency of the current study's finding with that found in previous research studies the review of literature was extensive and included a conceptual framework
there is consistency of the current study's finding with that found in previous research studies
In the low Model of Evidence Based Practice, if a nurse brings forward a new research article with ideas that she/he would like to consider implementing on the unit, this would be considered to be a problem-focused trigger an opportunity to monitor and analyze structure, processes, and outcome data. an opportunity for comparative evaluation between two units a knowledge-focused trigger
a knowledge-focused trigger
Common practice for in-text citations for a single author using APA style includes (author last name, first name, page number) (author last name, first initial, year of publication) (author last name, year of publication)
(author last name, year of publication)
One of the 2020 goals of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) is that 60% 70% 80% 90%
90%
A questionnaire has an ID number in one corner that allows the research team to identify the subject. This is an example of: informed consent. a confidentiality. right to privacy. deception.
A confidentiality
You are examining results that are comparing three different educational degrees in nursing (diploma, AN, and BS) to their reported levels of commitment to the profession. The researcher set the alpha level (the level of statistical significance) prior to the study at p< 0.05. Which of the findings below demonstrate statistical significance, based on the researcher's alpha level? No decision can be made as to whether a significant difference was found among diploma, associate degree, and baccalaureate graduates' scores. A significant difference was found among diploma, associate degree, and baccalaureate graduates' scores (r= 001) A significant difference was found among diploma, associate degree, and baccalaureate graduates' scores (r 06)
A significant difference was found among diploma, associate degree, and baccalaureate graduates' scores (r 06)
Nursing students in a research course are learning about problem statements. to be considered researchable, a problem must: a) deal w/ patient outcomes rather than social issues b) be clearly defined as the gap in knowledge c) include an ethical dimension d) be a clear, concise statement of the specific goal or focus of the study
b) be clearly defined as the gap in knowledge
A nurse researcher wants to design a study that looks at the relationship between two variables. She is considering an experimental research design. true false
False
According to Makic et al (2014), which of these is NOT a role of the nurse in the prevention of venothromboembolism (VTE)? Assessing all patients on admission for risk factors related to the development of VTE. Providing early mobility / exercise for patient as indicated to reduce the risk of VTE. Knowing the pharmacological recommendations for VT prophylaxis for medical and surgical patients Ensuring that chemical and mechanical therapies are maintained to reduce the risk of VTE
Knowing the pharmacological recommendations for VT prophylaxis for medical and surgical patients
nursing student is reading a study with an experimental research design. Which one of the following is a necessary requirement for experimental designs? Attrition Manipulation of the independent variable Convenience sample Comparison of naturally occurring groups
Manipulation of the independent variable
Which of the following measures of central tendency would be appropriate to describe the average pulse rates of a group of hospitalized patients? mean median Variance range
Mean
One example of a research population with diminished autonomy (vulnerability) would be; members of a senior citizen center middle-aged women college students mentally ill patients
Mentally Ill patients
Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis: "Cancer patients who receive music therapy complain less frequently of pain and require less pain medication than cancer patients not receiving music therapy. Relaxation therapy Complaints of pain Pain medication use Music therapy
Music therapy
Identify the type of sampling method used in the following example: To obtain mothers of children with cystic fibrosis, a researcher contacted one such mother who lived In her neighborhood and asked her if she knew any other mothers of children with cystic fibrosis Simple random sampling Cluster sampling Network sampling Convenience sampling
Network sampling
A nurse hypothesizes that the presence of social support from family affects the pain perception of hospitalized patients. What is the dependent variable in this hypothesis? a) family members b) a pain perception c) hospitalized patients d) social support
Pain perception
Open-ended questions provide primarily: qualitative quantitative confirmatory exhaustive
Qualitative
Which of the following study designs focuses on finding a cause and effect relationship among variables, but uses a lower level of control? experimental phenomenology quasi-experimental descriptive
Quasi-experimental
If a researcher wants to understand what it is like to undergo chemotherapy from the patient's perspective of their lived experience, the study design is: a) historical research b) phenomenology c) ethnography d) quantitative descriptive
b) phenomenology
A friend asks you to explain the difference between a conceptual definition and an operational definition of anxiety. You help her to understand these concepts by providing her with the following operational definition of anxiety a) overwhelming feeling of uneasiness b) score above 40 on the Anxiety Invenvory c) discomfort at the highest level d) a sense of fear
b) score above 40 on the Anxiety Invenvory
The purpose of an IRB (institutional review board) is to: a) critique the research of a study b) review the costs associated w/ an institutional study c) determine the appropriate journals for publication of the study d) determine the extent to which human rights will be protected in a study
d) determine the extent to which human rights will be protected in a study
Concept of causality would be important in which of the following research designs? a) descriptive b) time dimensional c) phenomenological d) experimental
d) experimental
A conceptual definition of a variable is: also considered to be the intervention. the systematic investigation of relationship. influencing the selection of the sample. defined in the review of literature.
defined in the review of literature
A nursing student is planning to conduct a review of the literature for a research study. One of the main purposes of conducting a review of the literature is to: give the researcher insight into what data analysis techniques should be used help select an optimum sample size determine existing knowledge on the topic discover an instrument for data collection that has been used many times
determine existing knowledge on the topic
A power analysis is conducted to: determine a reliability coefficient test for internal validity estimate a sample size set the level of significance
estimate a sample size
A research hypothesis: predicts the expected results or outcomes of the study clarifies the gap in the literature in the study defines the theoretical framework for the study is used to determine relationships in a study
predicts the expected results or outcomes of the study
The level of significance usually set in nursing studies is at either. 0.03 or .003 0.5 or 0.1 005 or 001 .05 or 01
.05 or 01
A researcher notes that although no statistical significance was found, some elderly nursing home residents with dementia who were exposed to soothing music for 6 hours daily exhibited lower heart rates and less agitation. This finding would have which type of significance? Clinical importance Statistical significance Inferential statistics General inferences
Clinical importance
A sample of 75 subjects was asked by a nurse researcher to participate in a study at an immunization booth in the mall. What type of sampling method is the researcher using? Convenience sampling Stratified random sampling Network sampling Systematic sampling
Convenience sampling
Which of the following types of studies would require the largest sample size? Ethnography Correlational Phenomenological Grounded theory
Correlation
A researcher designs a study as a quantitative descriptive study. Which of the following would NOT typically be part of the research methodology for the study? Describing a causal effect between the variables. Using valid and reliable instruments. Clear conceptual definition of study variables. Finding a representative sample.
Describing a causal effect between the variables.
Which of the following types of studies is considered a qualitative study? Methodological Ethnographic Comparative Correlational
Ethnographic
In this example of a PICO question: "In elderly hospitalized patients, what is the effect of hourly nursing rounds on reducing falls compared with the standard practice bedside call lights and low bed positioning?" Hourly nursing rounds represent what element of the PICO format? P-population C- comparison O- outcome I- intervention
I- intervention
Which type of reliability is the consistency of measurement of two or more raters? Content Interrater Test-retest Accuracy
Interrater
In APA format, which one of these statements is not true about the references page: References should be placed in alphabetical order by author last name The title of the references page is Bibliography, and should be centered at the top if the page and not in bold font. The name of the journal should be italicized and major words should be capitalized. digital object identifier (DOl) or website for the journal article referenced should be placed at the end of every journal article reference if available.
The title of the references page is Bibliography, and should be centered at the top if the page and not in bold font
According to Groves, Gray and Burns (2015), which one of the following are considered barriers to evidence-based practice? There are adequate resources for implementation of the Evidence Based Practice by nurses There is a need to implement a pilot study as a part of following the lowa model The potential for improved outcomes for patients, providers, and healthcare agencies There may be inadequate research evidence to support certain nursing interventions in practice
There may be inadequate research evidence to support certain nursing interventions in practice
A nursing research student is evaluating a research framework that is explicitly started in a research article. All of these statements describe the purpose of a research framework EXCEPT: it is tested within the study to guide the selection of the inferential statistics it links the findings of the study back to nursing's body of knowledge to guide the development of a study
To guide the selection of the inferential statistics
Descriptive statistics should be reported in every study for which of the following reasons? To determine validity To show the sample characteristics To provide a powerful analysis of data As an indication of reliability
To show the sample characteristics
Which of the following questions is important to ask when determining the significance of the research problem? What will it cost to complete the study? Is there an available pool of subjects? Does the researcher have the necessary expertise? Will the findings influence nursing practice?
Will the findings influence nursing practice?
According to Peterson et al (2014). in AACN's 2012 rating scale level system, grouping together A, B, and C levels of evidence would result in experimental levels of evidence for practice non-experimental levels of evidence for practice expert opinion or manufacturer's recommendations for practice evidence-based recommendations for practice
evidence-based recommendations for practice
Content validity is defined as: maintaining research controls as indicated in the study design and hypotheses. reviewing the inferential and demographics data of the sample. measuring stability, equivalence, and homogeneity of a questionnaire. including all of the major elements relevant to the construct being measured.
including all of the major elements relevant to the construct being measured.
Subjects who volunteered to receive an experimental treatment for pancreatic cancer are educated about essential study information, assessed for understanding of this information, and asked to willingly participate in the research study. This process is known as: coercion deception institutional review informed consent
informed consent
Cronbach's alpha is used to determine: internal consistency among items on a scale. equivalence of observations. triangulation of theories. stability of repeated measurement over time
internal consistency among items on a scale.
What statistical test would you use to determine a relationship between hours worked by nurses in a week and medication errors? frequency distribution x2- chi squared r- Pearson product moment standard deviation
r- Pearson product moment
According to Melnyk et al (2012), what specifically is the role of the EBP mentor? to work with staff nurses to consistently implement and sustain EBP to create clearinghouses of evidence-based practice information to remove the barriers of EBP for staff nurses and nurse leaders to work with potential obstacles to EBP such as physicians and nurse leaders
to work with staff nurses to consistently implement and sustain EBP
A nurse researcher is planning his problem statement for his correlational study. He knows it should include the: variables and type of subjects desired for the study. theoretical framework and measuring tools to be used. setting and statistics that will be used. research design and approach for obtaining consent.
variables and type of subjects desired for the study
