research methods exam 2
RESEARCH STUDY 6.2 Dr. Ewell, a developmental psychologist is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same sex friend pairs compared to opposite sex friend pairs. Imagine that Dr. Ewell calculates a correlation for his two raters. Which of the following would be the best value for Dr. Ewell to find?
0.89
Another word for discriminat validity is _______ validity
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Dr. Gahan decides to create a questionnaire asking about people's attitudes toward immigration (a socially sensitive topic). He should be most concerned about which of the following?
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In order to use the known groups paradigm to establish criterion validity, which of the following is necessary?
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RESEARCH STUDY 5.1: Dr. Rodriquez is considering conducting a study examining whether narcissistic people have poorer romantic relationships than those who are not narcissistic. One of her first tasks is to determine which of her participants are narcissistic and which are not. She decides to use the scale created by a colleague, the Donalscale. Question 1 reads, "I tend not to think about other people as much as I think about myself." Question 2 reads, "I do not have a high opinion of myself." Question 3 reads, "I think other people think I am really special." Dr. Rodruiquez calculates a correlation coefficient (r) to examine the relationship between question 1 and question 2 and between question 1 and question 3. she finds a correlation coefficent of r=-0.73 between questions 1 and 2 and a correlation coefficient of r=-0.74 between question 1 and 3. Which of the following is true of her findings?
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a researcher most likely prepared two versions of a survey with different questions sequencing to address the issue of
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external validity is most important for which of the following claims?
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if researchers measure every member of a population, they have
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in which of the following cases would a large sample especially be needed?
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in which of the following ways are content and face validity similar?
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negatively worded questions have low construct validity because
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which of the following is correct about sample size?
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which of the following is true of behavioral observation?
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RESEARCH STUDY 6.1: Professor Singh creates a survey to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes: Psychology and Law and Introduction to Neuroscience. He writes the following questions for his survey: A. What was your favorite part of this class? B. Please rate how much you agree with the following statement using the scale below: This was one of my favorite classes all semester. 1 2 3 4 5 Strongly Agree Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree Strongly disagree C. Which of the following is most true of you? a. I am a very serious student. b. I try only as hard as I have to. D. How easy did you feel this class was? 1 2 3 4 5 Easy Hard Which of the questions above is an example of an open-ended question? Answers: a. Question A b. Question C c. Question B d. Question D
A
which of the following results in an unbiased sample?
systematic sample
What is the difference between a ratio scale of measurement and a interval scale of measurement?
a ratio scale of measurement has zero value that actually means "nothing" or "the abundance of something", but an interval scale does not.
which of the following is necessary for a sample to be considered representative?
all members of a population have an equal chance of being included in the sample
Dr. Pierre is interested in studying levels of anxiety in children who have lived through a major natural disaster. As she plans her study, she is considering various operational definitions of anxiety. Which of the following is an example of an operational definition for anxiety that she could consider?
changes in heart rate after viewing images of the aftereffect of the natural disaster.
why might a researcher choose purposive sampling over systematic sampling?
external validity is not vital to the researchers study
which of the following determines the construct validity of a survey question?
how well it is worked
In interoggating the construct validity of a measure, which question should a researcher ask?
is there enough evidence that this measure is valid?
which of the following is an advantage of polling organizations using internet panels over landline panels?
it is easier to follow up with internet panels and track how their opinions change over time
Which of the following is an example of physiological measurement?
measurements of hormones in the bloodstream
RESEARCH STUDY 6.2 Dr. Ewell, a developmental psychologist is planning on conducting a study that involves watching children play together to determine how sharing behavior occurs in same sex friend pairs compared to opposite sex friend pairs. imagine that Dr. Ewell wants to videotape the children interacting in the park. why would most psychologists have no problem with the ethics of Dr. Ewells study?
people in a public park do not expect their behavior to be private
RESEARCH STUDY 6.1: Professor Singh creates a survey to measure how happy his students are with his teaching this semester. He is teaching two classes: Psychology and Law and Introduction to Neuroscience. He writes the following questions for his survey: A. What was your favorite part of this class? B. Please rate how much you agree with the following statement using the scale below: This was one of my favorite classes all semester. 1 2 3 4 5 Strongly Agree Agree Neither agree nor disagree Disagree Strongly disagree C. Which of the following is most true of you? a. I am a very serious student. b. I try only as hard as I have to. D. How easy did you feel this class was? 1 2 3 4 5 Easy Hard Which of the questions above is an example of a question that uses a semantic differential scale?
question D
Danesh has just read an article that describes a study that used a survey completed by participants to assess anxiety levels in adults. He is interested in the reliability of the survey and finds that the authors have provided information about both internal and test-retest reliability, however, there is no information about interrater reliability. Which of the following reasons explains why the authors do not report interrator reliability?
the anxiety scale is a self-report measure, and interrator reliability is needed only when two or more observers are providing ratings
a coorelation coefficient and a scatterplot both provide which of the following pieces of information?
the strength and direction of the relationship between two measurements
Why are techniques like cluster sampling and multistage sampling just as externally valid as simple random sampling?
they all contain elements of random selection
how do reversse worded items address the issue of shortcuts in surveys?
they slow down readers, making them read more carefully
the study that found that two thirds of americans had expereinced at least one adverse childhood experience, (ACE) did not use a random sample. what conclusions can we make about the results of this study?
we are uncertain about the generalizability of the results.
