Respiratory System Perusall

27. A low partial pressure of oxygen promotes hemoglobin binding to carbon dioxide. This is an example of the

A. Haldane effect

21. When ventilation is not sufficient, which of the following occurs?

A. The capillary constricts.

34. When do fetal breathing movements begin?

A. around week 20

8. Which of the following structures is not part of the bronchial tree?

A. aveoli

11. A section of the lung that receives its own tertiary bronchus is called the ________.

A. bronchopulmonary segment

32. A full complement of mature alveoli are present by ________.

A. early childhood, around 8 years of age

28. Increased ventilation that results in an increase in blood pH is called ________.

A. hyperventilation

5. What is the function of the conchae in the nasal cavity?

A. increase surface area

14. Which of the following processes does atmospheric pressure play a role in?

A. pulmonary ventilation

19. Which of the following prevents the alveoli from collapsing?

A. residual volume

17. Gas flow decreases as ________ increases.

A. resistance

13. The pleura that surrounds the lungs consists of two layers, the ________.

A. visceral and parietal pleurae.

26. Which of the following occurs during the chloride shift?

B. Chloride is exchanged for bicarbonate.

23. The partial pressure of carbon dioxide is 45 mm Hg in the blood and 40 mm Hg in the alveoli. What happens to the carbon dioxide?

B. It diffuses into the alveoli.

33. If a baby is born prematurely before type II cells produce sufficient pulmonary surfactant, which of the following might you expect?

B. difficulty inflating the lungs

10. Which of the following structures separates the lung into lobes?

B. fissure

35. What happens to the fluid that remains in the lungs after birth?

C. . It is absorbed shortly after birth.

4. Which of the following anatomical structures is not part of the conducting zone?

C. alveoli

31. The olfactory pits form from which of the following?

C. ectoderm

24. Oxyhemoglobin forms by a chemical reaction between which of the following?

C. hemoglobin and oxygen

15. A decrease in volume leads to a(n) ________ pressure.

C. increase in

22. Gas exchange that occurs at the level of the tissues is called ________.

C. internal respiration

12. The ________ circulation picks up oxygen for cellular use and drops off carbon dioxide for removal from the body.

C. respiratory

9. What is the role of alveolar macrophages?

C. to remove pathogens and debris

18. Contraction of the external intercostal muscles causes which of the following to occur?

D. The ribs and sternum move upward.

7. Which of the following are structural features of the trachea?

D. all of the above

25. Which of the following factors play a role in the oxygen-hemoglobin saturation/dissociation curve?

D. all of the above (temperature, pH, BPG)

30. Which of the following stimulates the production of erythrocytes?

D. erythropoietin

20. Gas moves from an area of ________ partial pressure to an area of ________ partial pressure.

D. high; low

6. The fauces connects which of the following structures to the oropharynx?

D. oral cavity

29. Exercise can trigger symptoms of AMS due to which of the following?

D. small venous reserve of oxygen

16. The pressure difference between the intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures is called ________.

D. transpulmonary pressure