Restorative art - exam 1

Common practices to achieve wrinkles ( furrows )

- draw in wax w/ blunt force instrument -place wax paper and draw in with an appropriate instrument -moisten and rub a piece of ligature into the wax surface -elevate adjacent areas with cylinders of wax

Methods to achieve firm & dry tissue

-arterial embalming -hypodermic injection -surface compress -cauterizing agent -electric spatula -sealer ( binder agent )

Modelizing media for restoration

-clay -latex and silicone products -cotton&collodium

Methods for firming wax

-cooling the wax ( refrigeration ) -addition of drying powder ( talcum ) -addition of corn starch

Common methods for smoothing wax

-hand/figure smoothing -brush smoothing

Standard practices to soften wax when preparing a restoration?

-mixing with spatula ( friction & body heat ) - mixing with massage cream & petroleum jelly -mixing with cream cosmetics -direct applied heat ( blow dryer )

Common restorative art instruments

-scalpel -forceps -suture needles -scissors -aneurysm hook/needle -water collar ( swelling ) -brushes ( stipple,spreading,powder,tinting,lining ) -head positioning blocks

How to identify infant skull

-skull is not fused -skull still has soft spot

Common methods for applying skin texture ( pores )

-stipple brush -lintless gauze -paper towel imprint -terry cloth or other material with raised, irregular pattern

Cosmetic/Application categories (5)

1) Cream cosmetics 2) transparent & semi-opaque cream 3)liquid Tints 4) opaque paints 5) powder cosmetics

Difference between male, female and infants skulls

1) bone thickness 2) size of bone 3) prominence of eminence

Anatomical structures of the temporal bone used for locating the modeled ear?

1) external auditory meatus 2)zygomatic arch 3)mandibulaire fossa 4)mastoid process

Distinguishing characteristics NOT to be altered or concealed?

1) warts 2) birthmarks 3) scars 4)moles

Lip wax

A very soft wax that may be tinted. It is primarily used to correct lip line of closure separations and modify compromised tissue of the mucous membranes

Solvent to remove oil based residues

Acetone

Removing grease?

Acetone, gasoline;

Removing iodine?

Alcohol

Removing urine?

Ammonia

Lateral

Away (farther) from the midline of the body

Distal

Away (farther) from the trunk of a body, away from the attached end of the limb.

When should receive authorization for restorative art?

Before embalming, not included in the authorization to embalm

Zygomatic bone

Bones of the cheek ( diamond shape )

intestinal fortitude

Embalmer needs to embrace an unbiased attitude with conducting restorations

Removing wax?

Ether

Asymmetry

Face exhibits a lack of true symmetry, balance & proportion. Exhibits differences in paired features

Deep

Farther from the surface of the body ( ex: the heart is deeper than the ribs )

Medium wax is used to ( derma )

Feature modeling

Firm wax is used to ( hard or wound filler )

Fill large cavities, excision treatments. Best if used with firmly embalmed tissues and the basket weave suture as it does not have a lot of adhesive quality

Tissue best for wax restoration

Firm & Dry

For a larger area, which type of wax would you need?

Firm wax

Eminences of the Frontal Bone

Frontal eminence, Supraorbital margin, Superciliary arch, and Glabella

Major restoration

Higher expertise, more extensive process

Color

Impacts of highlights and color

Nasal bone

Inferior to the glabella, and forming a dome over the superior portion of the naval cavity

Removing ink?

Lemon juice

Removing nicotine?

Lemon juice

How to identify female skull

Lighter, smaller, more round

Occipital bone

Lowest part of back + base of the cranium, forming a cradle for the brain

Opaque paints may not

Mix with wax, but can be applied to skin or tissues as an undercoating

Powder cosmetics can be

Mixed with wax but do not adhere well to the wax surface

Norm

Most common characteristics of each feature

Geometric form of the skull

Oval

Removing paint

Paint thinner

widest part of the cranium

Parietal eminence to the opposite parietal eminence

Alvelor process

Portion of the maxillary bones that form the support for the teeth in the upper and lower jaws.

Zygomatic arch depression

Processes of the temporal and zygomatic bones, determines the widest part of the face.

Minor restoration

Requires minor restoration

Removing adhesive tape blood

Rubbing alcohol, ammonia

Soft wax is used for ( surface restorer )

Soft & pliable, used to fill shallow depressions. Used for burn restorations and concealing sutured incisions.

What are not surface bones on the skull?

Sphenoid & Ethnoid

Physiogomy

Study of structures and surface markers of the face and features

Parietal bones

Superior portion of the sides and back of the cranium, as well as the posterior two thirds of the roof of the cranium

Maxilla bones

The maxilla bones are paired bones joined in the midline. They are located in the upper lip region and together are commonly referred to as the "upper jaw." They also form a portion of the wall of the orbit, the wall of the nasal cavity, the hard palate, and they contain the upper row of teeth.

The most obvious characteristic of old age,

The reduction of size in the upper/lower jaw due to lack of teeth

Proximal

Toward (farther) from the trunk of the body, toward the attached end of a limb.

Medial

Toward (nearer) to the midline of the body

Inferior (term)

Toward the feet

Various cosmetics may be applied?

Under, mixed with, or applied over wax

Surfaces of the Frontal Bone

Vertical Surface (forehead). This surface extends from the upper margin of the eye sockets to the level of the two frontal eminences. The part of the face above the eyes. Horizontal Surface (Crown). This surface continues to ascend superiorly until it reaches the parietal bones.

Opaque cream cosmetics works

Well with all scenarios

Removing glue?

White vinegar, glue solvent

Transparent and semi-opaque cream cosmetics work

With an oil vehicle these can be applied upon or mixed with wax. Water soluble types are not effective.

Liquid tints do not

Work well on wax, except colloid types, these may work.

squama

a recession in the temporal cavity

Frontal eminence

a rounded prominences on the median line and a little inferior to the center of the frontal bone

Frontal bone

anterior portion of the cranium that forms the forehead

Temporal bones

inferior portion of the sides and base of the cranium, inferior to the parietal bones and anterior to the occipital bone

Superficial

nearer to the surface of the body

Surface bones of the cranium

occipital, parietal, temporal, frontal

What is restorative Art

restorative the care of the deceased to recreate natural form + color

Frontal process of the maxilla

the ascending part of the upper jaw which gradually protrudes as it rises beside the nasal bone to meet the frontal bone; the ascending process of the upper jaw.

Form

think 3D , Shape

Posterior (dorsal)

toward the back of the body

Anterior ( ventral)

toward the front of the body

Superior ( term )

toward the head