Review Quiz #1 on Chapters 1 QA and 2 Immunology
The standard operating procedure is a document that: may be substituted with package inserts. is necessary only for training new employees. helps achieve consistency of results. must be very detailed to be accurate.
helps achieve consistency of results.
The major histocompatibility complex is located on chromosome 6 and is important in all the following immune functions except: recognition on nonself. hemolysis. graft rejection. coordination of cellular and humoral immunity.
hemolysis.
In safety training, employees must become familiar with all of the following except: limits of protective clothing and equipment. the appropriate action to take if exposure occurs. tasks that have an infectious risk. how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a donor or other employee.
how to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a donor or other employee.
Blood irradiators require all of the following safety procedures except: equipment leak detection. proper training. personal protective equipment. that the user have a degree in radiology.
that the user have a degree in radiology.
Opsonozation is a term to describe what process? Lysis of cells Ingestion of cells Binding to cells or antigens Phagocytosis
Binding to cells or antigens
Which class of HLA antigens would be typed when matching patient and donors for platelet transfusion? Class II only Classes I, II, and III Class I and II Class I only
Class I only
Ch 2: Select the portion of the antibody molecule that imparts the antibody's unique class function. Constant region of the light chain Variable region of the light chain Correct Answer Constant region of the heavy chain. Incorrect Response Variable region of the heavy chain
Constant region of the heavy chain. Incorrect Response
Select the substance that regulates the activity of other cells by binding to specific receptors. Anaphylatoxin Immunoglobulins Cytokines Complement
Cytokines
Accuracy
Degree to which a measurement represents the true value
Validation
Establishing that a specific process produces an expected result
Competency assessment
Evaluation of an employee's stability to perform a specific skill
Quality control is the same as quality assurance. True False
False
What is the potential effect in a tube agglutination test if a red cell suspension with a concentration greater than 5% is used? Hemolysis No effect False negatives False positives
False negatives
Which of the following organizations are involved in the regulation of blood banks? College of American Pathologists Food and Drug Administration AABB The Joint Commission
Food and Drug Administration
Found in secretions, such as breast milk
IgA
Associated with allergic reactions and mast cell activation
IgE
Able to cross the placenta
IgG
Has the highest serum concentration
IgG
Associated with immediate-spin in vitro reactions
IgM
Associated with intravascular cell destruction
IgM
Ch 2: What immunoglobulin class reacts best at room temperature at immediate spin? IgA IgE IgM IgG
IgM
Efficient in activation of the complement cascade
IgM
Has the highest number of antigen binding sites
IgM
In order to enhance the reaction of an antibody in vitro, it may be necessary to adjust which of the following? Increase the incubation time in the incubator Speed of the centrifuge above the calibrated settings Increase the concentration of red cells in the test system Temperature above 37°C
Increase the incubation time in the incubator
Root cause analysis
Investigation and identification of the factors that contributed to an error
Preventive maintenance
Maximizes the duration of equipment and increases the reliability of the equipment
A laboratory technologist decided she would like to bring her lab coat home for laundering because it had too many wrinkles when it was returned by the laboratory's laundry service. Is this acceptable? Yes, if she clears it with her supervisor Yes, if she uses 10% bleach Yes, as long as she removes the coat and does not wear it home. No, because the laboratory is a biosafety level 2, and lab coats may not be removed
No, because the laboratory is a biosafety level 2, and lab coats may not be removed
Calibration
Process of standardizing an instrument against a known value
Recall
Removal of products from the market that might compromise the safety of the recipient
Which of the following will cause an antigen to elicit a greater immune response? Small antigen size Composed largely of carbohydrates Similarity to the host Size greater than 10,000 daltons
Size greater than 10,000 daltons
Change control
System to plan and implement changes to prevent problems
Audit
Systematic evaluations to determine whether procedures are being followed
Quality Control
Testing to determine the accuracy and precision of reagents and equipment
Proficiency test
The CAP survey is an example
Several units were released to a hospital by mistake before all viral marker testing was completed. What is the appropriate course of action? The error is reportable, and the Food and Drug Administration must be contacted. Recall only the units that are positive for viral markers. Perform a root cause analysis and, if the units are found to be negative, report the test result to the hospital. Ask the hospital to avoid transfusion and quickly complete the testing.
The error is reportable, and the Food and Drug Administration must be contacted.
A facility does not validate a refrigerator before use. What is a potential outcome? The facility is in violation of AABB and may no longer be members. The facility is in compliance if the blood products stored in it are not transfused. The facility is in violation of current good manufacturing practices and could be cited by the Food and Drug Administration. The facility is in compliance if the equipment functions properly.
The facility is in violation of current good manufacturing practices and could be cited by the Food and Drug Administration.
A patient's record indicated that he had a history of an antibody to HPA-1a. What is the significance of this antibody if this patient requires a platelet transfusion? No testing is necessary because the frequency of HPA-1a positive donors is very rare. The patient would require HPA-1a negative platelets, which are relatively rare. Washed platelets are necessary to avoid antibody interference. Transfusion of HLA-matched platelet donors would yield a better response.
The patient would require HPA-1a negative platelets, which are relatively rare.
The Occupation Safety and Health Administration does not require the routine use of gloves by phlebotomists working with healthy prescreened donors or changing gloves between donors. True False
True
Ch 1: Which of the following is an example of an unacceptable record-keeping procedure? Using dittos in columns to save time Recording the date and initals next to a correction Not deleting the original entry when making a correction Always using permanent ink on all records
Using dittos in columns to save time
Select the region of the antibody molecule responsible for imparting unique antibody specificity. Fc fragment Constant region Variable region Hinge region
Variable region
Ch 1: Unacceptable quality control results for the antiglobulin test performed in test tubes may be noticed if: preventive maintenance has not been performed on the cell washer. all of the above. the reagents used were improperly stored. the technologist performing the test was never trained.
all of the above.
It was observed that an antibody identified in the transfusion service appeared to be reacting stronger following the second exposure to an antigen from a transfusion. The most likely explanation of this is: affinity maturation of the immunoglobulin molecule. anamnestic response. isotype switching. all of the above.
all of the above.
In a lymphocytotoxicity test, cells that take on the dye: do not recognize a human leukocyte antigen. Incorrect Response are not affected by complement. recognize a red cell antibody. Correct Answer are recognized by a specific antibody.
are recognized by a specific antibody.
