S2T5 extras
NSAID V acetaminophen
Both acetaminophen and NSAIDs reduce fever and relieve pain caused by muscle aches and stiffness, but only NSAIDs can reduce inflammation (swelling and irritation) You may prefer acetaminophen over NSAIDs if you have high blood pressure or stomach ulcers or bleeding. That's because acetaminophen drugs such as Tylenol are less likely to increase your blood pressure or cause stomach pain or bleeding than NSAIDs are
Which information would be included in the teaching plan for the older adult client with peptic ulcer disease who is taking an antacid and sucralfate?
Sucralfate works best in a low pH environment; therefore it should be given on an empty stomach either 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. Sucralfate also should be administered no sooner than 30 minutes before or after an antacid.
what do HR and BP do with dehydration
decreased BP, fast HR weak pulse
what does orthostatic hypertension indicate
fluid loss
what causes exacerbations of symptoms in crohns
food, stress, anxiety
peptic ulcer disease causes damage to _ causing _
gastric mucosal which causes upper GI bleeding dyspepsia is a symptom
complications of PN
infection and sepsis metabolic complications and fluid overload mechanical complications refeeding syndrome (shallow respirations, confusion, seizures,weaknes, cardiac rhythm changes, fluid retention, acidosis pneumothorax - air in cath
why should atropine not be given to glaucoma patients
it dilates the pupil and increases IOP
foods to eat with diverticulitis
whole grains cooked fruits and veggies nuts seeds milk eggs
cholecystitis ppl at risk
women indian mexican
glaucoma is an excess production of
aqueous humor
Nursing actions after a client has had general anesthesia are directed at preventing which postoperative respiratory complication?
atelectasis
Famotidine is prescribed for a client with peptic ulcer disease. Which mechanism of action is a characteristic of this medication?
decreases gastric secretion by inhibiting histamine at H2 receptors.
Pain in the LLQ is associated with
diverticulitis
A client is scheduled for surgery to repair a retinal detachment. Which information would the nurse provide as part of the preoperative teaching?
familiarize the client with vital aspects of the environment, which provides for physical and emotional safety. Surgery usually takes approximately 2 hours, followed by a stay in the postanesthesia care unit. The health care provider should discuss the procedure and risks; informed consent is the primary health care provider's responsibility, not the nurse's.
Sensorineural hearing loss occurs as a result of damage to
he auditory nerve in the inner ear. Prolonged exposure to noise can cause damage to the cochlea.
sharp pain in eye after surgery indicates
hemorrhage
perforation
hole that completely penetrates a structure serious complication of chronic inflammation of the bowel
common side effect of an epidural
hypotension
Which is the first sign that would assist the nurse in suspecting malignant hyperthermia in a client?
increased CO2, then fast breathing, then fast HR
labs for exacerbated ulcerative colitis
increased bun hypokalemia leukocytosis anemia hyponatremia
foods with diverticulitis
low fiber with exacerbation and low fat high fiber after with low fat
Fistula management (crohn's)
needs at least 3000 calories/day low fiber high protein and vitamin wound vac antibiotics electrolyte therapy
While in the postanesthesia care unit, a client reports shortness of breath and chest pain. Which is the most appropriate initial response by the nurse?
oxygen Supplemental oxygen supports the body while the cause of the problem is identified; supplemental oxygen can be instituted without a prescription in an emergency.
hematemesis is associated with
peptic ulver disease
The nurse is caring for a client with chronic inflammation of the bowel. For which mostserious complication would the nurse monitor in this client?
perforation
perioperative
period of time that includes before, during, and after a surgical procedure
what kind of eye disorder causes pain
primary angle closure glaucoma
wet macular degeneration
progresses rapidly sudden loss in vision at any age
drug that is the preferred choice for acid-related disorders
proton pump inhibitor -prazole
Pantoprazole (Protonix)
proton pump inhibitor used for GERD prevent stress uclers during surgery administer through a seperate IV line, use an IV pump, use an in line filter
what type of hearing loss are hearing aids used for
sensory neural
In which position would the nurse place a client recovering from general anesthesia?
side lying Turning the client to the side promotes drainage of secretions and prevents aspiration, especially when the gag reflex is not intact. This position also brings the tongue forward, preventing it from occluding the airway when it is in the relaxed state. The risk for aspiration is increased when the supine position is assumed by a semi-alert client.
postural hypotension
sudden drop in blood pressure upon standing
Which finding is an indication of ulcer perforation in a client with peptic ulcer disease (PUD)?
tachycardia rigid abdomen N/V back and shoulder pain
when a patient with uclerative collitus has severe diarrhea, why is HR and rythm assessed first?
the client is most at risk for cardiac dysrhythmias secondary to potassium and magnesium loss from severe diarrhea
Which mechanism would the nurse attempt to increase to prevent postoperative deep vein thrombosis?
venous flow velocity should be increased through activity.
A client who is scheduled for a bowel resection is to receive antibiotics preoperatively. Which explanation would the nurse include when teaching the client about the purpose of the antibiotics?
"They are given to eliminate bacteria from the gastrointestinal (GI) tract."
Which client statement would cause the nurse to stop the health care provider from initiating epidural anesthesia?
"im not sure how it works"
Midazolam (Versed)
*class*: Benzodiazepine *Indication*: sedation, conscious sedation, anesthesia, status epilepticus *Action*: Acts to produce CNS depression, may be mediated by GABA. *Nursing Considerations*: - assess level of sedation during and for 2-6 hours following - monitor blood pressure, pulse, respirations during IV administration - The antidote for overdose is flumazenil
primary causes of glaucoma
-Aging -Hereditary
H2 receptor antagonist indication and ending
-idine famotidine for GERD reduces gastric acid secretion and provides for symptomatic improvement in GERD
normal iop
10-21 mmHg; however IOP outside of the range is not pathogenic for glaucoma; it is only simply a risk factor associated with the development or progression of glaucoma
HCO3 normal range
22-26 mEq/L
PaCO2 normal range
35-45 mm Hg
Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)
5-aminosalicylate, Decrease inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis Used for IBD (Crohn's, UC), RA
PaO2 normal range
80-100 mm Hg
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs)
A group of drugs whose main action is a pronounced and long-lasting reduction of gastric acid production. They are the most potent inhibitors of acid secretion available today.
Which items would the nurse include in assessment of the integumentary system for a preoperative client?
Assess the skin turgor for signs of dehydration. Correct3 Examine the skin for rashes or lesions. Correct4 Question the client about any skin disorders
A postoperative client has these changes in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) with position changes: Lying HR = 70 beats/minute, BP = 110/70 mm Hg; Sitting HR = 78 beats/minute, BP = 106/66 mm Hg; Standing HR = 85 beats/minute, BP = 108/64 mm Hg. Which collaborative intervention will the nurse anticipate?
Because the assessment findings do not indicate postural hypotension (decrease of more than 20 mm Hg of systolic pressure or more than 10 mm Hg of the diastolic pressure), there is no indication that a change in the current therapeutic plan is needed.
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Benzodiazepine antianxiety
A client is admitted via the emergency department with a tentative diagnosis of diverticulitis. The nurse anticipates that which test will be prescribed?
CT
palliative care
Care designed not to treat an illness but to provide physical and emotional comfort to the patient and support and guidance to his or her family.
what can lead to a conductive hearing loss
Cerumen in the ear can cause obstruction in the ear Foreign bodies can cause infection and inflammation in the ear, Perforation of the tympanic membrane leads to an increased risk for ear infections,
Which functions of leukocytes are involved in the inflammation process?
Destruction of bacteria and cellular debris and Release of vasoactive amines during allergic reactions
The gold standard for diagnosing disorders of the stomach is an
EGD
The nurse is caring for a postoperative client who had general anesthesia. Which independent nursing intervention would prevent an accumulation of secretions?
Frequent changes of position
ambivalent
Having mixed feelings
A client with severe Crohn disease develops a small bowel obstruction. Which clinical finding would the nurse expect the client to report?
Nausea and vomiting, accompanied by diffuse abdominal pain, commonly occur in clients with small bowel obstruction; the vomiting may be projectile and may contain bile or fecal material
A client is scheduled for skin cancer surgery and has not signed the consent form. Which situation will cause the nurse to legally delay signing the operative consent?
Sedation may interfere with the client's knowledge of the consent form. Many clients face contradictory feelings regarding their impending surgery, but their consent is legal unless they withdraw the consent. A complete history and physical examination are needed before surgery, but they do not affect the legality of consent. A second opinion is not required for a consent to be legal.
Which priority interventions would the nurse follow when caring for a client with malignant hyperthermia?
The client should be ventilated with 100% oxygen using the highest possible flow rate when malignant hyperthermia is evident. The client should be intubated immediately with an endotracheal tube. All inhalation anesthetic agents should be stopped immediately as the client's condition may worsen.
medication for glaucoma
Timolol maleate is a beta-adrenergic antagonist that decreases aqueous humor production and increases outflow, thereby reducing intraocular pressure.
Lubiprostone (Amitiza)
Used for IBS-C and chronic constipation Increases fluid secretion in intestine, promotes motility Can cause diarrhea, nausea (take w/ food) oral laxative - take with food and water
dry macular degeneration
accounts for 90% of these cases, is caused by the slow deterioration of the cells of the macula caucasian
pneumothorax
air in the pleural cavity
duodenal ulcer
an ulcer, or erosion, in the wall of the duodenum of the small intestine often have melena - black tarry stool
Bradycardia in the immediate postoperative client can indicate
anesthesia effect or hypothermia take temperature
How is mild diverticulitis treated?
antibiotics
An absent red reflex may indicate
cataracts
Where is ulcerative colitis found?
colon and rectum
what does BP do with dehydration
decrease
Decreasing blood pressure postoperatively may indicate
hemorrhage - increase fluids, transfusions, go back to OR
what can cholecystitis be triggered by
high fat and high volume meals