SCI EXAM 3 groundwater and karst topography

In Nebraska, the average saturated thickness of the Ogallala Aquifer is ____

342 feet

The Ogallala Aquifer underlies portions of _____ states in the central United States

8

Karst topography is most closely associated with limestone deposits that contain more than __________ calcium carbonate

80%

a large cave system is called a _____

a cavern

a place where water naturally seeps out of the ground is called _____

a spring

karst landscapes occur in regions that are now _____, but which were ____ at some point in the geologic past

arid now; humid then

a depression that forms when underlying rock dissolves, causing the surface to collapse is called a disappearing stream

false

a permeable layer of rock is called an aquiclude

false

another name for the ogallala aquifer is the north american aquifer

false

as water moves down the soil, it first move through the zone of saturation

false

karst landscapes typically contain nearly 50% calcium carbonate

false

the high planes aquifer is largely formed from thin, impermeable layers of rock

false

the zone of rock that is completely saturated with water is called the water zone

false

Once field capacity is reached, excess water flows downward as ______ water

gravitational

Karst landscapes are widespread in regions of _____ rainfall

high

Which letter in the diagram below corresponds to the well that will run dry in the dry season and produce water in the wet season?

shorter top of the well on the side (E)

a topographic depression that forms when underlying rock dissolves, causing the surface to collapse is called a ______

sinkhole

________ during this stage, a stream downcuts and the water table drops in response

stage 2

what feature forms in a cave when water, containing calcium carbonate, comes out of solution to create a formation on the ceiling?

stalactites

_______, these cave features form as a result of water evaporating, leaving calcium behind in a deposit that slowly grows up from the floor over time

stalagmites

__________ is the sinking of a surface as a result of the lass of support from underlying water, soils, or strata

subsidence

When water is pumped out of a well, which causes the water table around a well to drop, the initial feature formed is called _________

the cone of depression

the top of the saturated zone is called __________

the water table

_______, this type of karst topography occurs in humid subtropical areas where thick beds of limestone and high water tables exist

tower karst

a surface river or stream that flows into a sinkhole, moving into an underground river is called a disappearing stream

true

subsidence is the main reason venice, italy has continued to sink for nearly 1400 years

true

______, this is the threshold at which, for a given soil, water is no longer available for plant uptake

wilting point

Carlsbad Cavern is located in _________

North America (New Mexico)

the most heavily utilized aquifer in North America is the:

Ogallala Aquifer