Science Set 6
How much of a 16 M stock solution must you add to make 4 L of a 1 M diluted solution?
0.25 L
What volume would you need to dilute 0.2 L of a 15 M solution to obtain a 3 M solution?
1 L
Use a Punnett Square to figure out what percentage of pea plants would have purple flowers in the following cross: A purple flowered pea plant (PP) crossed with a white flowered pea plant (pp).
100% would have purple flowers.
Suppose a solution at 50℃ contains 12g Potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) per 100g of water. Based on the provided solubility curve, how much additional mass of Potassium dichromate would be required to saturate the solution at the same temperature? 12g
12 g
How many grams of CH3 OH is needed to make a 0.244 M solution in 400 mL of water?
3.13 g
If I used 0.3 L of a stock solution to make 5 L of a 2 M diluted solution, what was the original molarity of the stock solution?
33.3 M
What is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 26.42 g of (NH4) 2 SO4 in enough water to make 50 mL of solution?
4M
Based on the following Punnett square, what percentage of fruit flies would you expect to have a red body and round wings? B (black body), b (red body), F (flat wings), f (round wings)
6%
What is an electrolyte?
A compound that dissolves by breaking into ions and conducting electricity in solution.
In oxidative phosphorylation:
ATP is generated by proton motive force created by the transfer of electrons.
Which statement about the cell wall is FALSE?
All bacteria have a cell wall
Which of the following is NOT true regarding solubility curves?
All substances increase in solubility with temperature.
Which of the following statements about anaerobic respiration is TRUE?
Anaerobic respiration uses an electron transport chain to generate a proton motive force.
How are autosomal genetic disorders from sex-linked disorders?
Autosomal genetic disorders occur in the first 22 chromosomes, while sex-linked disorders occur in the 23rd chromosome.
Viruses that target bacteria are known as:
Bacteriophages
As a bacterium gets larger, how does it compensate for the large volume relative to the surface area?
By increasing invaginations in the cell membrane.
How is a supersaturated solution made?
By making a saturated solution, heating it up and adding more solute, then cooling the solution.
What is the event called when bacteria senses a poisonous compound and swims away from it?
Chemotaxis
By analyzing DNA, scientists have hypothesized that _____ are evolutionary ancestors of plant-like protists such as red and green algae.
Cyanobacteria
What is nucleic acid?
DNA or RNA
DNA stands for which of the following?
Deoxyribonucleic acid
The trait which is expressed in a heterozygous state is known as :
Dominant
In which step does the polypeptide continue to grow as amino acids are added to the chain?
Elongation
Which of the following would you NOT expect to see on a plasmid?
Gene for cell wall synthesis
What is the end goal of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Generation of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.
Which of the following is true of a genetic disorder?
It is a condition caused by a defective gene or other chromosomal abnormality.
Which of the following describes prokaryotic DNA?
It is circular
What would happen to a bacteria if its plasmid was removed?
It would lose the characteristics coded for by the genes in the plasmid.
What is the dilution of solutions equation?
M1 V1 = M2 V2
What is molality?
Moles of solute per kg of solvent
Do all cells replicate at the same rate?
No, some cells replicate constantly; some do for a while, then stop; others stop, but are able to start up again.
What is Mendel's Second Law?
Non-linked genes do not affect the outcome of other genes.
What would happen to a bacteria with no plasmids that was put into a low-stress environment, and why?
Nothing, because plasmids are not essential for survival in a low-stress environment.
Let's say P is an allele that codes for purple flowers and p is an allele that codes for white flowers. A plant has alleles Pp. According to the Law of Segregation, what alleles would each gamete have?
One gamete would have P and one would have p.
In oxidation-reduction reactions:
Oxidation involves the removal of electrons.
All of the following are TRUE of anaerobic respiration, EXCEPT:
Oxygen is a possible terminal electron acceptor.
What happens when mistakes occur in replication?
Proofreading corrects most of the mistakes by removing and replacing the mismatched nucleotides.
Looking through a microscope at a drop of pond water, you see a unicellular organism with a nucleus and chloroplasts. It is most likely a (n):
Protophyta
Which of the following would make sense to represent left and right hand nature (left is recessive and right is dominant) and eye color (brown is dominant and green is recessive) in a Punnett Square?
R fir right hand, r for left hand; B for brown eyes b for green eyes.
Which of the following is the enzyme that adds RNA nucleotides to build off of the antisense strand?
RNA polymerase
Which of the following is NOT an example of a homozygous genotype?
Rr
What is a solute?
Substance that gets dissolved
Bacteria can fit its DNA into its cell by:
Supercoiling the DNA
All of the following statements are correct, EXCEPT:
The anti-codon is part of the mRNA
What is the relationship between osmosis and the bacterial cell wall?
The cell is hypertonic and the wall prevents lysis from osmotic pressure.
What is a nucleoid?
The cytoplasmic location of the bacterial chromosome.
How does the structure DNA make replication easy?
The double helix unzips and each side serves as a template for the other.
Which of the following is true regarding aerobic respiration?
The process must utilize oxygen as the terminal electron acceptor.
8 A lab technician has 2 mol of X in an Erlenmeyer flask and pours in 1 liter of water in order to make a 2 M solution. Why is the solution not exactly 2 M?
They did not account for the volume of the 2 moles of X so the solution is not 2 M.
Which statement is TRUE of Gram-positive bacteria?
They use teichoic acid to move ions across the cell wall.
What is one of the chief functions of membrane-bound proteins?
To transport waste out and nutrients in across the membrane.
Which of the following is an example of a sex-linked chromosomal error?
Turner syndrome
What evolutionary development in plants allowed for an increase in the size of the organisms and removed the need for plants to only live in moist environments?
Vascular tissue
Which do you think is used to produce an antibiotic and why?
a bacteriocin, because it is a protein that kills or inhibits other bacteria.
What is the best definition of a solution?
a homogeneous mixture comprised of a solute and a solvent
Which of the following statements best describes a supersaturated solution?
a solution that contains more than the maximum amount of dissolved solute than a saturated solution under the same conditions.
Of the following, which group(s) of protists is (are) heterotrophs?
animal-like and fungus-like
Why does a spoonful of sugar dissolve faster than a sugar cube?
because it has a greater surface area than a sugar cube
Why does an open soda go flat?
because the pressure on the dissolved gas is released.
How is solubility determined?
by determining the maximum mass of a solute that can be dissolved in 100g of a solvent at a given temperature.
Which of the following is a way scientists classify, or organize, viruses?
by who they infect, by how they replicate, and by the shape of their capsid
Which of the following is a characteristics of fungi?
cell wall made of chitin
All of the following can make up a virus, execpt:
cells
Mutations are defined as which of the following?
changes in DNA
What type of organism has two copies of every gene?
diploid
Which of the following are characteristics of DNA?
double helix, double strands
Which of the following correctly pairs the type of protist with the primary source of nutrition?
fungus-like: absorption.
Gregor Mendel is famous for his involvement in ______________-
genetics
Which of the following does not describe plants?
heterotrophic
Which of the following is not a characteristic of all three types of protists?
heterotrophic
In which phase of transcription does the RNA polymerase attach to the promoter sequence of DNA?
initiation
What do you need to know about a stock solution in order to calculate a dilution?
its molarity
What is the equation used to determine the mass percent of a solute in a solution?
mass percent = mass of solute/mass of solution x 100%
Because ethanol dissolves in water, it is:
miscible
What is the equation used for determining molarity?
molarity = moles of solute/liters of solution
What is molarity?
moles of solute per liter of solution
What do all eukaryotes have that prokaryotes do not?
nucleus
The purpose of ___________ is to provide separation and compartmentalization of processes in eukaryotes.
organelles
What characteristic does not describe both plants and fungi?
photosynthetic
Which of the following is true?
polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents
Scientists hypothesize that the evolutionary ancestor of both plants and fungi were:
protists
What do both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have that is involved in translation?
ribosomes
DNA can be changed by which of the following?
substitution, insertion and deletion
During fermentation, ATP is generated by____________.
substrate-level phosphorylation.
In which step does the ribosome reach a stop codon and end the process of translation?
termination
Which strand of DNA serves as the template for the transcription?
the antisense strand
In eukaryotic organisms, the DNA is stored where?
the cell nucleus
Which of the following best describes the process of glycolysis?
the glucose molecule is split into pyruvate molecules via enzymatic action.
Which is a step in the lytic life cycle of a virus?
the host cell explodes
During translation protein X, the codon UAA is found on the mRNA. This codon codes for _____________
the termination of the protein synthesis
What is cytosol?
the watery fluid inside the cell
Some people have blue eyes and some people have brown eyes. Which answer best explains why this is the case?
they have different alleles
Which of the following does NOT affect the rate of dissolution of a solute?
time of day
Why is DNA replication necessary?
to pass on genetic information to new daughter cells.
Natural selections is based on the which of the following ideas?
variations in DNA that help or hinder an organism's ability to survive and reproduce
