Science test 18 NRCA

The density currents that cause a mixing of the air are an example of

Convection

Excessive exposure to UV rays can cause which of the following in humans?

Eye damage sunburn and skin cancer

Atmospheric scientists have determined that halting the global production of CFCs 20 years ago has definitely begun shrinking the ozone hole over Antarctica.

False

Auroras occur when charged particles escape from the ionosphere into the magnetosphere.

False

Exposure to any kind of ultraviolet light in any amount is dangerous and should be avoided.

False

If an atmosphere with 21% oxygen is good for us, then an atmosphere with 100% oxygen would be much better.

False

Most of the sun's energy makes it to the earth's surface.

False

Scientists are absolutely sure that they guessed right when they determined that banning CFCs would restore the ozone layer and close the hole over Antarctica.

False

Since warm air rises, the troposphere is the coolest layer of the atmosphere.

False

The ozone layer protects life on Earth from dangerous radio waves from the sun.

False

The troposphere is the only atmospheric layer to have winds.

False

How does the atmosphere give evidence for divine design?

God has created the atmosphere to provide a proper ratio of gases for all living things for breathing (1 pt.) 2. It provides protection from harmful rays and particles from space. (for example: the ozone layer blocks much of the sun's ultraviolet radiation that can cause health complications for humans and other living things) (1 pt.)

What is the single most significant difference between the heterosphere and the homosphere?

In the heterosphere the gases separate into layers based on their atomic weights (1pt.), while in the homosphere the gases stay uniformly mixed 1pt.).

A thermal convection current in the atmosphere is a kind of density current.

True

Infrared rays are a form of thermal radiation.

True

Old-earth scientists believe that the early earth had no free oxygen in its atmosphere.

True

The atmosphere is not clearly mentioned in the Genesis Creation account.

True

The colors of the auroras depend on which composition layer of the atmosphere the auroras form in.

True

The discovery of radiation belts surrounding the earth in 1958 was completely unexpected.

True

The percentages of gases in the homosphere remain relatively constant.

True

The vitamin D that is produced in our skin is the result of a reaction caused by _____ light.

UV

_____ are a large but infrequent source of new, naturally produced carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Volcanoes

The atmosphere was formed by

a direct act of God during the Creation week.

the envelope of gases surrounding the earth

atmosphere

Of the solar energy that makes up the solar constant, most of it is

both infrared and visible

Computer models developed by Bible-believing scientists suggest that the _____ _____ theory is not a good model for the earth's atmosphere leading up to the Flood.

canopy layer

Which of the following weather conditions will result in the earth's surface absorbing the most heat from the sun?

clear and cold with low humidity

the most significant role for nitrogen in the atmosphere is to

dilute oxygen to the appropriate level.

Many creationists believe that the atmosphere is part of the _____, which God created between the waters below and the waters above.

firmament

indirect warming of the atmosphere

greenhouse effect

What is the name of the mixture of gases that extends up to 80 km (50 mi)?

homosphere

On the average, the coldest temperatures in the atmosphere occur

in the mesosphere.

Which atmospheric layer directly affects radio communications on Earth?

ionosphere

fast winds that travel in paths in the stratosphere

jet streams

the steady temperature change associated with altitude change

lapse rate

Besides being America's first successful Earth satellite, Explorer 1 also discovered the presence of the _____.

magnetosphere

The _____ is a region extending thousands of kilometers into space that includes the Van Allen belts, where charged particles such as protons and electrons have been trapped in two donut-shaped zones around the earth.

magnetosphere

Which of the following layers would be most effective in protecting the earth from a solar flare?

magnetosphere

Ozone in the atmosphere is made up of _____ oxygen atoms.

3

Nearly every year, a thin spot in the ozone layer develops over

Antarctica

Who was called the "father of chemistry"?

Antoine Lavoisier

Technicians on the ground communicate with the International Space Station using [ Select ] because [ Select ] waves reflect off the ionosphere.

microwaves radio waves

Assuming that you could survive without a space suit at the altitude of the thermosphere, in the earth's shadow you would feel

much cooler than at the earth's surface.

The most abundant gas in the homosphere is

nitrogen

Evolutionists believe that the first life forms to appear would have been poisoned by the presence of _____ in the atmosphere

oxygen

Joseph Priestley, Karl Scheele, and Antoine Lavoisier are credited with the discovery of _____.

oxygen

Which of the following gases was not present in the earth's earliest atmosphere according to naturalistic scientists?

oxygen

Air pollution that comes from artificial sources in cities is called

smog

Most of the direct solar energy that enters the earth's atmosphere is absorbed by and

soil and water

rate of solar energy flow that reaches the earth

solar constant

Aircraft that travel long distances fly in the _____ to avoid storms and benefit from the jet streams.

stratosphere

If the ozone layer extends from about 20 km (12 mi) to 50 km (31 mi) above the earth's surface, in which temperature layer does it fall?

stratosphere

The largest carbon reservoir in the carbon cycle is found in

the atmosphere

Which of the following is an example of conduction?

the earth's surface warming the air directly above

The most concentrated form of solar energy at the earth's surface occurs when

the rays come from straight overhead.

is the hottest layer of the atmosphere? is the coldest.

thermosphere mesosphere

In which temperature layer do most people live?

troposphere

Check all that apply: An example of a greenhouse gas is _____.

water vapor carbon dioxide