Science test

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White dwarfs

A dying star that has collapsed to the size of earth and is slowly cooling off; located at the lower left on the hr diagram

A star that converts hydrogen into helium through nuclear fusion is called

A main sequence star

Hr diagram

A plot of intrinsic brightness versus surface temperature for stars. When so plotted stars positions take the form of a main sequence for average stars with exotic stars above or below the main sequence

Pulsar

A rapidly spinning neutron star that produces radio waves

Neutron star

A small extremely dense star composed of tightly packed neutrons formed by the welding of protons and electrons

The sun

A typical star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system.

A light year is this

Distance light travels in a year

Which is the hotter star an m class star or a f class star

F class star

Which is the hotter star K7 or G0

G0

A star leaves the main sequence when it has depleted its supply of

Hydrogen

All stars that are considered main sequence stars fuse the element ___________into the element______

Hydrogen Helium

The last element that can be fused by the most massive stars is

Iron

What can most massive stars make

Iron

How does the numbering work

Lower number higher appeared magnitude

The factor that determines a stars life cycle it's the stars

Mass

The sun is considered to be a ___________ mass star

Medium/ small

What do less massive stars become

Neutron stars

Hottest stars are designated with the letter

O

List the category of stars from hottest to coolest

O B A F G K M

Star classification and colors

Oh-blue Be- white A-white Fine- yellow Girl- yellow-White Kiss- orange Me- red

A very hot dense object that has yet to produce nuclear fusion as it gains mass and gravity is called a

Photo star

Before becoming stars all stars were ball of hot gases being crushed together by gravity to form a _______

Photostar

Sun shields outer layer

Planetary nebula

The remnant gas and dust from a dead star with a medium mass is called a _______

Planetary nebula

The remnants of a sun like star at the end of its life cycle_______________composed of gases and dust with light elements, and a ___________ which is the remnant hot dense core of the star

Planetary nebula and white dwarf

A star moving away from the earth would appear to shift towards the ______end of the visual spectrum

Red

The coolest stars have the color

Red

2 things affect a stars true brightness

Size Temperature

All stars form from a collection of gases and dust called a

Stellar nebula

The heaviest elements that can only be formed during a

Super nova

Betelgeuse is a red supergiant which means that it will some day go ______when it's live as a star has ended

Supernova

Very high mass stars undergo a violent explosion called a __________which spreads heavy elements throughout the universe leavening behind either a __________ or a ___________

Supernova Neutron star Black hole

Event horizon

The boundary of the region of a black hole from which no radiation may escape. No event that occurs within the event horizon is visible to a distant observer.

Supernova

The explosion of a massive star caused by gravitational collapse with the emission of enormous quantities of matter

Black hole singularity

The object of zero radius into which the matter of a black hole is compressed

Red dwarfs

Which stars have the lowest mass and lowest luminosity? (Brightness )

A a class star would have the color

White

The remnant core or our sun after it has stopped fusing elements will be called a

White dwarf

What's the remnate of a small star

White dwarf

The sun is a G2 star meaning it's color is

Yellow

Red giant

a very large star of high luminosity and low surface temperature. Red giants are thought to be in a late stage of evolution when no hydrogen remains in the core to fuel nuclear fusion.

Nova

an event where a white dwarf suddenly brightens and becomes a new star

Life cycle of a high mass star

nebula --> protostar ---> main sequence ---> red supergiant ----> supernova ---> black hole ---> neutron star

Life cycle of a low mass star

nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf

main sequence

the diagonal band of stars on the hr diagram ; such stars generate energy by fusing hydrogen to helium

Light year

the distance light travels in one year

Supernova

the explosion of a massive star caused by gravitational collapse with the emission of enormous quantities of matter

The sun will exsists as a main sequence star for about_______billion years

10

How long would it take you to get to nearest star if going speed of light

4.2 LY

Giant stars

Cool giant stars above main-sequence stars ok the hr diagram

The part of the sun that is inky visible during a full solar eclipse is called a

Coronna

How does a photo star become a star

When it fuses hydrogen into helium

Most luminous stars

Blue supergiants

The most luminous stars on the hr diagram are

Blue supergiants

Where are the dimmist stars located on the diagram

Bottom right

What's the last element the suns going to make

Carbon

Planetary nebula

An expanding shell of gas ejected from a low-mass star during the latter stages of its evolution.

Celestial sphere

An imaginary sphere surrounding Earth to which the stars are attached

What is the densest object in the universe

Black hole

What do most massive stars become

Black holes

________colored stars are the hitting stars while _________ stars are the coolest

Blue Red

Red Supergiant

The stage in the life cycle of a massive star during which the star increases in size and becomes very bright.

Luminosity

The total amount of light energy that a star emits into space

Why do scientist believe that it is impossible to locate black dwarfs

The universe hasn't been around long enough

Blue supergiants

The very largest of the large, hot, bright stars at the uppermost-left end of the main sequence on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram

A red dwarf is believed to exist for ______ of years

Trillions


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