Science test
White dwarfs
A dying star that has collapsed to the size of earth and is slowly cooling off; located at the lower left on the hr diagram
A star that converts hydrogen into helium through nuclear fusion is called
A main sequence star
Hr diagram
A plot of intrinsic brightness versus surface temperature for stars. When so plotted stars positions take the form of a main sequence for average stars with exotic stars above or below the main sequence
Pulsar
A rapidly spinning neutron star that produces radio waves
Neutron star
A small extremely dense star composed of tightly packed neutrons formed by the welding of protons and electrons
The sun
A typical star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system.
A light year is this
Distance light travels in a year
Which is the hotter star an m class star or a f class star
F class star
Which is the hotter star K7 or G0
G0
A star leaves the main sequence when it has depleted its supply of
Hydrogen
All stars that are considered main sequence stars fuse the element ___________into the element______
Hydrogen Helium
The last element that can be fused by the most massive stars is
Iron
What can most massive stars make
Iron
How does the numbering work
Lower number higher appeared magnitude
The factor that determines a stars life cycle it's the stars
Mass
The sun is considered to be a ___________ mass star
Medium/ small
What do less massive stars become
Neutron stars
Hottest stars are designated with the letter
O
List the category of stars from hottest to coolest
O B A F G K M
Star classification and colors
Oh-blue Be- white A-white Fine- yellow Girl- yellow-White Kiss- orange Me- red
A very hot dense object that has yet to produce nuclear fusion as it gains mass and gravity is called a
Photo star
Before becoming stars all stars were ball of hot gases being crushed together by gravity to form a _______
Photostar
Sun shields outer layer
Planetary nebula
The remnant gas and dust from a dead star with a medium mass is called a _______
Planetary nebula
The remnants of a sun like star at the end of its life cycle_______________composed of gases and dust with light elements, and a ___________ which is the remnant hot dense core of the star
Planetary nebula and white dwarf
A star moving away from the earth would appear to shift towards the ______end of the visual spectrum
Red
The coolest stars have the color
Red
2 things affect a stars true brightness
Size Temperature
All stars form from a collection of gases and dust called a
Stellar nebula
The heaviest elements that can only be formed during a
Super nova
Betelgeuse is a red supergiant which means that it will some day go ______when it's live as a star has ended
Supernova
Very high mass stars undergo a violent explosion called a __________which spreads heavy elements throughout the universe leavening behind either a __________ or a ___________
Supernova Neutron star Black hole
Event horizon
The boundary of the region of a black hole from which no radiation may escape. No event that occurs within the event horizon is visible to a distant observer.
Supernova
The explosion of a massive star caused by gravitational collapse with the emission of enormous quantities of matter
Black hole singularity
The object of zero radius into which the matter of a black hole is compressed
Red dwarfs
Which stars have the lowest mass and lowest luminosity? (Brightness )
A a class star would have the color
White
The remnant core or our sun after it has stopped fusing elements will be called a
White dwarf
What's the remnate of a small star
White dwarf
The sun is a G2 star meaning it's color is
Yellow
Red giant
a very large star of high luminosity and low surface temperature. Red giants are thought to be in a late stage of evolution when no hydrogen remains in the core to fuel nuclear fusion.
Nova
an event where a white dwarf suddenly brightens and becomes a new star
Life cycle of a high mass star
nebula --> protostar ---> main sequence ---> red supergiant ----> supernova ---> black hole ---> neutron star
Life cycle of a low mass star
nebula, protostar, main sequence, red giant, white dwarf, black dwarf
main sequence
the diagonal band of stars on the hr diagram ; such stars generate energy by fusing hydrogen to helium
Light year
the distance light travels in one year
Supernova
the explosion of a massive star caused by gravitational collapse with the emission of enormous quantities of matter
The sun will exsists as a main sequence star for about_______billion years
10
How long would it take you to get to nearest star if going speed of light
4.2 LY
Giant stars
Cool giant stars above main-sequence stars ok the hr diagram
The part of the sun that is inky visible during a full solar eclipse is called a
Coronna
How does a photo star become a star
When it fuses hydrogen into helium
Most luminous stars
Blue supergiants
The most luminous stars on the hr diagram are
Blue supergiants
Where are the dimmist stars located on the diagram
Bottom right
What's the last element the suns going to make
Carbon
Planetary nebula
An expanding shell of gas ejected from a low-mass star during the latter stages of its evolution.
Celestial sphere
An imaginary sphere surrounding Earth to which the stars are attached
What is the densest object in the universe
Black hole
What do most massive stars become
Black holes
________colored stars are the hitting stars while _________ stars are the coolest
Blue Red
Red Supergiant
The stage in the life cycle of a massive star during which the star increases in size and becomes very bright.
Luminosity
The total amount of light energy that a star emits into space
Why do scientist believe that it is impossible to locate black dwarfs
The universe hasn't been around long enough
Blue supergiants
The very largest of the large, hot, bright stars at the uppermost-left end of the main sequence on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram
A red dwarf is believed to exist for ______ of years
Trillions
