Scientific Method
How do you take a temperature and read a thermometer?
1. Make sure that the thermometer is clean and not broken. 2. Immerse it half way (don't put the bulb at the bottom of the beaker). 3. Leave it in the liquid until the temperature stops changing. 4. Make sure that your eyes are level with the top of the red line then read it. Have someone double check it.
What is the scientific method?
A way to solve problems in a logical and repeatable way.
What is a controlled experiment?
An experiment where everything is kept the same except the one thing you change (manipulated variable). So you know the results are from the one thing changed.
What is the fourth step of the scientific method?
Experiment: This is the way to test your hypothesis. The steps must be specific and someone must be able to follow your directions and get the same result.
What is the purpose of a test tube?
For experiments (to see in it)
What is the third step of the scientific method?
Hypothesis: Always an IF-THEN statement. This is what you test with the experiment. Make it based on your research.
Are all thermometers the same? Explain.
No because all of them use different increments since some of them need to be really accurate.
What are the two types of lines used on line graphs and when do you use each of them?
One type of line is connected point-to-point and you use it when individual data point matters. The second type of line is a Line of Best Fit and you use it when the general trend of the data is more important.
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Question: Start with a solvable, scientific question (question that you can start using observations, facts, and evidence). What? Why?
What is the second step of the scientific method?
Research the problem: What do you know about the topic? Have you seen it before? Research on Google or the science textbook.
What acronym do you use to make sure your graph is completed? What does it stand for?
TALKS T- Title A- Axis L- Labels K- Key S- Scale
What is the sixth step of the scientific method?
The C.E.R.: C: Restate your hypothesis and CLAIM if you were correct or not. E: Give specific examples of your EVIDENCE, like temperatures, times, and results. R: Give the REASONING behind what happened in the lab.
What goes on the x-axis 95% of the time?
Time
What is the purpose of a Bunsen Burner?
To be a source of high heat for experiment's
What is the purpose of a graduated cylinder?
To carefully measure liquids (no experiments)
What is the purpose of a funnel?
To get liquids into narrow openings
What is the purpose of a thermometer clamp?
To hold a thermometer in place on a ring stand
What is the purpose of a ring stand?
To hold equipment for experiments
What is the purpose of an Erlenmeyer flask?
To hold liquids for experiments
What is the purpose of a test tube clamp?
To hold test tubes so that you don't get burned
What is the purpose of a test tube rack?
To hold test tubes up right
What is the purpose of beaker tongs?
To hold/grasp hot beakers
What is the purpose of a beaker?
To measure liquids for experiments
What is the purpose of a dropper?
To move small amounts of liquids
What is the purpose of a graph?
To show a visual representation of relationships between various quantities, parameters, or variables.
What are variables and what are the three types of variables?
Variables are part of your hypothesis. Manipulative variable (independent): the change that you make to your experiment [IF]. Responding variable (dependent): the cause of the independent variable, what you measured, and the result of the experiment [THEN]. {Cause and Effect}. The third variable is called the controlled variable.
The scale chosen for each axis should always be _______ (keeping the same increments for the whole axis), ________ (data takes up most of the graph space), and should use ________ (so it is easy to count/label them without making a mistake).
consistent, appropriate, intervals
Variables are the _____ in experiments that are likely to _____. Experiments have _ types of variables: ______, ________, _________ (____). An independent variable is the variable that is ______ by a scientist in an experiment. Scientists make ________ using independent variables. A dependent variable is what is ________ by a scientist in an experiment. Scientist determine the experiment _______ with the dependent variable. To tell the variables apart, ask yourself these questions: What is being ______ on purpose? This is the ______ variable. What is being ______ throughout or at the end of the experiment? This is the ______ variable.
parts, change, 3, and manipulative, responding, controlled, sames, changed, experiments, measured, outcome, changed, independent, measured, dependent
What are the three main types of graphs?
line graph, bar graph, pie chart
The independent variable is also called the ______ variable while the dependent variable us also called the _____ variable.
manipulative, responding
Referring to the data table, which column goes on the x-axis and y-axis?
x-axis: left column y-axis: right column
Which variable is plotted on each axis?
x-axis: manipulative variable y-axis: responding variable
What does the numbers on the left and the right of the beaker mean?
Left: The amount of liquid used Right: The amount of liquid in the beaker
What are controlled variables?
Controlled variables are variables that you keep the same so only your hypothesis is being tested and to make sure that the changes to the manipulative are causing changes in the depending variable. You always keep the conditions the same ("SAMES").
What is the fifth step of the scientific method?
Data (numbers) and observation (words): All observations go here. Numbers: data tables, graphs of data, speed, time, temperature, diagrams, etc. Words: Observations about the experiment and data.
How is a data table useful?
It is what you graph, it gives you the key, it organizes a collection of data into columns and rows.
What is a common format for a graph title?
Y axis vs X axis