SIMCLEX Questions attempt 1

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Cushing reflex

a late sign following a head injury characterized by a triad consisting of -severe hypertension, bradycardia, and periods of apnea.

bronchiolitis

a respiratory infection that primarily affects the bronchioles found in the lower airways. It does primarily occurs in the winter.

why does prone positioning improve oxygenation ARDS

decreased atelectasis, mobilizes secretions, decreases pleural pressure.

metabolic acidosis

decreased pH in blood and body tissues as a result of an upset in metabolism

Rett Syndrome

disorder that results from a single-gene defect during development, in which there is a mutation on one of the X chromosomes, MECP2. The condition almost exclusively affects girls. Rett syndrome causes difficulties with social and language skills, as well as problems with activity and coordination. Most persons with Rett syndrome are never able to live independently and they may not live past middle age.

metabolic alkalosis

elevation of HCO3- usually caused by an excessive loss of metabolic acids

clear liquid diet

coffee, broth, tea

atelectasis

collapsed lung; incomplete expansion of alveoli

bronchitis occurs

the lower airways. Bronchitis is when there is inflammation in the large airways, the trachea and bronchi, which are part of the lower airways.

Physical carcinogens

ionizing radiation and ultraviolet light

aortic stenosis sound

swooshing

The Braden scale must be completed

once per shift

full liquid diet

peanut butter, ice cream, grape juice

A newborn infant should pass the first stool of meconium within

24 hrs after birth

respiratory acidosis

A drop in blood pH due to hypoventilation (too little breathing) and a resulting accumulation of Co2.

Aripiprazole

Antipsychotic, used for schizophrenia

If a gallop sound (S3) is heard

this indicates blood prematurely rushing into the ventricle. This is often related to volume overload as seen in heart failure, but could also be caused by pulmonary hypertension or coronary artery disease.

side effects of albuterol

tremor in extremities, restlessness, pounding HR

Valves of the heart

tricuspid valve, pulmonary semilunar valve, bicuspid or mitral valve, aortic semilunar valve

PVCs originate in the

ventricles of the heart

antipyretic

Medication used to reduce a fever

with Parkinson's, avoid foods high in

Vitamin B6

metabolic alkalosis causes

severe vomiting, excessive GI suctioning, diuretics, excessive NaHCO3

Gestational hypertension in the mother causes

A baby that will be small for gestational age. the fetus to be growth restricted due to inappropriate blood flow to the placenta and fetus.

Carbamazepine

Anticonvulsant

respiratory alkalosis

Arise in blood pH due to hyperventilation (excessive breathing) and a resulting decrease in CO2.

Which of the following medications lower blood pressure by reducing cardiac cell excitability?

Calcium channel blockers. When calcium enters the cell, it causes the cell to contract. Therefore, calcium channel blockers reduce cardiac cell excitability.

how to tell if patient is in fluid overload?

Chest X-Ray

foods high in vitamin B6

Meat, Poultry, Grains, Seeds, and Seafood

When should phytonadione be given?

Phytonadione is vitamin K. A newborn should be with mom for the first HOUR after delivery, and then given the vitamin K injection.

metabolic acidosis causes

Primary Cause: Addition of large amounts of fixed acids to body fluids; Contributing Causes: Lactic acidosis (circulatory failure), Ketoacidosis (diabetes, starvation), Phosphates and sulfates (Renal dz), Acid ingestion (salicylates), Secondary to respiratory alkalosis, Adrenal insufficiency

The S2 sounds of the heartbeat is

The Pulmonic valve closing

The S1 sounds of the heartbeat is

The Tricuspid valve closing

TURP syndrome

This complication occurs due to significant absorption of fluids used to irrigate the bladder. This causes significant volume overload and a resulting hyponatremia.


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