SJDC - POLSC 1 - Chapter 4

The right of the individual to be left alone to make decisions freely is known as the right to

privacy or right to privacy

The right of an individual to be left alone without any interference from others is known as the right to

privacy.

In 2015, the USA Freedom Act

renewed a number of expired elements of the USA PATRIOT Act.

Which of the following acts of legislation legalized the surveillance of communications without a warrant or court order obtained by the U.S. government?

the Protect America Act

The religion clauses of the First Amendment do which of the following?

Bar the government from supporting one religious sect over another Ensure the government does not hinder individuals' exercise of religion Bar the government from establishing a national religion

True or false: Under the First Amendment, the government may not limit or prohibit any form of political expression.

False

Which of the following are central to the democratic process?

Freedom to speak openly about politics Freedom to speak openly about the government

What are the religious clauses in the First Amendment?

The free exercise clause The establishment clause

Which of the following freedoms in the Bill of Rights specifically encourage community and civic engagement?

The freedom of privacy The freedom of religion The freedom of criminal due process

In addition to the freedoms of speech and assembly, what other freedom does the First Amendment protect?

The freedom of religion

What do the protections of the First Amendment allow?

The freedom to express ideas

True or false: Central to the democratic process is the freedom to speak critically about government and politics.

True

In McDonald v. Chicago, the Supreme Court expanded its earlier decision in Columbia v. Heller to state that

an individuals' right to bear arms applies also to state and local law.

Constitutionally guaranteed civil liberties exist to protect Americans from

arbitrary government interference against citizens, opinions, and property.

The Supreme Court's ruling in District of Columbia v. Heller dramatically changed the meaning of the Second Amendment by

confering to citizens an individual right to possess a firearm for lawful purposes.

The __________ clause of the First Amendment requires government neutrality toward religious institutions, whereas the __________ exercise clause prohibits the government from taking hostile action toward individuals' practice of their religion.

establishment, free

The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) is one of several groups that ______ post-9/11 anti-terror measures such as domestic surveillance without a warrant.

has been critical of

Why has the Supreme Court placed restrictions upon the freedom to assemble?

in order to preserve order and public safety

To the framers, ______ was the central principle that guided the creation of a new democratic republic.

liberty

Throughout U.S. history and especially since the 9/11 attacks, there has been tension between

liberty and security.

The role of the Bill of Rights is to ______ government power.

limit

What type of behavior do time, place, and manner restrictions on public assembly seek to control?

loud or violent protests that threaten public peace

The concept based on the belief that authentic discourse depends on free and unrestrained discussion of different points of view is known as the ______ of ideas.

marketplace

Which of the following is true of the Fourteenth Amendment's extension of the Bill of Rights to the states?

According to the Supreme Court, only some of the most important freedoms are applied to the states.

Which of the following best describes positive acts of government intended to protect individuals against arbitrary or discriminatory actions?

Civil rights

Which of the following arguments relate to the controversy surrounding the Second Amendment?

Easy access to firearms is a threat to public safety. Gun ownership creates a free and safe society.

Based on their experiences with the British, what types of government action did the framers of the Constitution seek to protect citizens against?

Limitations on speech Confiscation of property Censorship

What is one concern in expanding the government's authority during times of national emergency?

Such actions will limit an individual's First Amendment rights.

Which of the following amendments contribute to ensuring criminal due process?

The Eighth Amendment The Fourth Amendment The Sixth Amendment The Fifth Amendment

True or false: Protection of groups against being singled out by the government for unequal treatment led to the constitutional protections of freedom of religion, the right to privacy, and the right to due process in the criminal justice system.

True

True or false: The American gun debate stems from a disagreement about how to interpret the language of the Second Amendment.

True

True or false: The unhappiness of early Americans with the British criminal justice system is demonstrated by the fact that four of the first eight amendments in the Bill of Rights deal almost exclusively with rights of the accused.

True

Match the term to its appropriate definition. Terms: total incorporation selective incorporation Definitions: the theory that the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause requires states to uphold freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights the process by which the Supreme Court gradually applied freedoms that served some fundamental principle of liberty to the states

total incorporation: the theory that the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause requires states to uphold freedoms guaranteed in the Bill of Rights selective incorporation: the process by which the Supreme Court gradually applied freedoms that served some fundamental principle of liberty to the states

The application of all the protections claimed in the Bill of Rights to the states is known as __________ incorporation, whereas case-by-case consideration of these protections is known as __________ incorporation.

total, selective