Small parts midterm review

hyperthyroidism clinical signs include what

-weight loss -increase appetite -nervous -sweat -heat intolerance -protruding eyes

most common cause of prostate enlargement in older men

BPH

what is the most common cause of hypothyroidism in the united states

Hashimoto thyroiditis

an elevation of this protein can be an indicative of prostate disease

PSA

what is the most common type of thyroid carcinoma

Papillary carcinoma (80%)

which lab value would be elevated in a patient with hypothyroidism

TSH

epididymo-orchitis is most commonly results from what

a bladder infection

what type of thyroid cancer is most lethal

anaplastic

a small protuberance at the head of the epididymis

appendix

what is the most common etiology of graves disease

autoimmune disorder

what syndrome is a predisposed factor for torsion

bell clapper

a cystic formation lateral to the thyroid gland

brachial cleft cyst

a cystic mass noted at the mandibular angle is most likely a what

brachial cleft cyst

parathyroid glands control the release and absorption of what nutrient

calcium

what arteries give rise to the centripetal arteries

capsular artery

what characteristic increases the suspicion of thyroid malignancy

colloid

what vascular structure is closest to the thyroid lobe

common carotid artery

term for undescended testicle

cryptorchidism

approx. 20% of solitary thyroid nodules are

cystic

the efferent ductule converges to form a single duct called the what

ductus epididymis

what is the most common cause of acute scrotal pain in adults

epididymitis & epididymo-orchitis

the superior thyroid artery is a tributary of which artery

external carotid

what abnormality is associated with sono finding of thyroid inferno

graves disease

what is the most common cause of hyperthyroidism

graves disease

spermatocele is always located in which portion of the epididymis

head

occurs when blood fills the space of the tunica vaginalis

hematocele

the rete testis is located at

hilum of thetestis

sono characteristic of normal testes

homogenous pattern w/ medium level echoes

which condition is suggestive of parathyroid pathology

hypercalcemia

seminoma of the testicle generally appears as a what

hypoechoic mass

underexcretion of the thyroid hormone

hypothyroidism

most common place for an undescended testicle to be found

inguinal canal

what is the most common cause of thyroid disease worldwide

iodine deficiency

parathyroid gland produces a hormone that affects the what

kidneys bones gi tract

what structure lies medial to the left thyroid lobe

larynx

varicoceles are more common on what side

left

lest testicle vein empties into the what

left renal vein

sonographic feature of a thyroid adenoma that is most common

longus colli muscle

microlithiasis of the testis is associated with what

malignancy

what do the thyroid gland hormones regulate

metabolism and growth

a condition characterized by tiny calcifications within the testis

microlithiasis

what does the patient experience with Graves disease

nervousness

what almost always transpires secondary to epididymitis

orchitis

a network of veins that drains the epididymis and testis

pampiniform plexus

80% of primary hyperparathyroidism is caused by

parathyroid adenoma

patient has history of hypercalcemia. what abnormality should you look for

parathyroid adenoma

hydrocele develops between the what

parietal and visceral layer of the tunica vaginalis

which gland located immediately anterior to the ear

parotid gland

which zone of the prostate has the highest risk of developing carcinoma

peripheral

most common type of cancer in men

prostate cancer

occurs when pus fills the space of the tunica vaginalis

pyocele

the superior extension of the thyroid isthmus is what

pyramidal lobe

the site sperm production

seminiferous tubules

what is the most common testicular malignancy

seminoma

a clinical history of a vasectomy is associated with what

sperm granulomas

what muscles are located lateral to each thyroid lobe

sternocleidomastoid

what muscles are located anterior to the thyroid gland

strap muscle

the perithyroidal lobe of the thyroid gland extends from the what

superior thyroid

what is the first branch of the external carotid artery

superior thyroid artery

the scrotal sac contains what structures

testes, epididymis, spermatic cord

primary source of blood flow to the testicles is via the what

testicular artery

acute onset of testicular pain at rest is clinical finding of what

testicular torsion

benign congenital cyst located superior to the thyroid gland near the hyoid bone

thyroglossal cyst

what hormone is most abundantly produced by the thyroid

thyroxine

what structure is located posterior to the isthmus

trachea

what zone is most common location of BPH

transitional zone

cluster of dilated cyst/tube along the mediastinum testis within testicles

tubular ectasia of the rete testis

the testes are covered by a fibrous capsule formed by the what

tunica albuginea

covering of the testicles that contain the parietal and visceral layer

tunica vaginalis

a technique in which patient bears down to increase intraabdominal pressure

val salva maneuver

the junction of the ejaculatory ducts with the urethra

verumontanum