SNHS 450 Final
What is the purpose of Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS)? A. Assessing patient satisfaction B. To provide bonuses to providers who keep their patients healthy C. To regulate fee-for-service provider reimbursement D. To reduce hospital readmissions
A. Assessing patient satisfaction
Which example best depicts "pay for performance"? A. A provider receives a bonus for implementing preventative care services within their practice. B. A provider receives bonuses based on the number of diabetic patients they see in a day. C. Physicians and other providers are paid based on the amount of patients they see in a day. D. A doctor gets paid every time a patient receives an MRI.
A. A provider receives a bonus for implementing preventative care services within their practice.
Which of the following represents a scenario in which health providers exercise The Theory of Bad Apples? A. Dr. Dennery failed to order an MRI for a patient that came in with a head-injury after a minor car accident. Unfortunately, due to the lack of scanning, a minor brain bleed went undetected. As a result, Dr. Dennery was fired for incompetence. B. Dr. Lopez failed to order an MRI for a patient that came in with a head-injury after a minor car accident. Unfortunately, due to the lack of scanning, a minor brain bleed went undetected. As a result, the patient died and Dr. Lopez continued his daily regime. C. Dr. Smith failed to order an MRI for a patient that came in with a head-injury after a minor car accident. Unfortunately, due to the lack of scanning, a minor brain bleed went undetected. As a result, the attending doctor discussed the mistake with Dr. Dennery and put in place new protocol for head injuries. D. Dr. Gomes ordered an x-ray for a patient that came in with a head-injury after a minor car accident. Unfortunately, due to the lack of appropriate scanning, a minor brain bleed went undetected. As a result, he was reprimanded and continued on his day.
A. Dr. Dennery failed to order an MRI for a patient that came in with a head-injury after a minor car accident. Unfortunately, due to the lack of scanning, a minor brain bleed went undetected. As a result, Dr. Dennery was fired for incompetence.
Based on the TED Talk by Peter Saul, there have been advancements in care which have led to? A. Extending lives so that patients are living with chronic illnesses for longer B. Lifesaving miracles C. Shortened lives of patients D. More than 50% of patients dying at home
A. Extending lives so that patients are living with chronic illnesses for longer
What would be considered medical negligence? A. Failure to meet the standard of practice of an average qualified physician in the same specialty B. Untrained physicians C. Lack of patient compliance D. Misdiagnosis
A. Failure to meet the standard of practice of an average qualified physician in the same specialty
Johnny Appleseed, a patient of Dr. Orchard, is seen for recent onset of diabetes. Dr. Orchard spends 20 minutes performing an examination, finger-stick blood glucose test, urinalysis, and ECG. Each service has a fee set by Dr. Orchard: $100 for a complex visit, $10 for a finger-stick glucose test, $10 for a urinalysis, and $80 for an ECG. Because Mr. Appleseed is uninsured, Dr. Orchard reduces the total bill from $200 to $100. Which method of physician payment is exemplified in this scenario? A. Fee-for service B. Capitation C. Salary D. Payment per episode of illness
A. Fee-for service
3. Utilizing large investments of resources in new technologies may produce more marginal and difficult-to-measure improvements in the overall health of a population. This concept demonstrates: A. Flat of the curve B. Benefit of the curve C. Area under the curve D. Peak of the curve
A. Flat of the curve
Pete is a healthcare proxy for his grandmother. In what way does Pete help his grandmother by being her health care proxy? A. He is able to make medical decisions for her when she cannot make those decisions for herself B. Pete reads the will at her funeral. C. Pete takes over financial decisions D. Ignoring all medical advice and using Wikipedia to answer all questions he may have
A. He is able to make medical decisions for her when she cannot make those decisions for herself
Which of the following is an example of painful cost-containment? A. Reducing administrative waste B. Restricting price increase C. Sacrificing quantities of medically beneficial services D. Eliminating inappropriate and effective services
C. Sacrificing quantities of medically beneficial services
According to chapter 16 "Conflict and Change in America's Health Care System," our major actors, or components, make up the US Healthcare System: the purchasers, insurers, providers, and suppliers. Often times, the provider also plays the role of the supplier. Which of the following is an example of this overlap? A. Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) acting as the insurers while also owning hospitals and primary care practices. B. Physicians referring patients to a physical therapy practice that they own. C. A pharmaceutical company CEO advertising a new drug to their spouse's patients. D. Insurers receive money from the government to pay the providers.
A. Health maintenance organizations (HMOs) acting as the insurers while also owning hospitals and primary care practices.
Patient is a 95-year-old female who has stage 4 stomach cancer. She has been in the ICU for 2 weeks and is continuing to decline. She currently has many lines and tubes, including a ventilator, G-tube, colostomy bag, urinary catheter, and HR monitor. Her doctor never asked her what she wanted at end of life care and decided to make his decision on her care. Although the patient is likely to die within 24 hours, he is continuing to treat her with expensive interventions. How could this situation BEST be prevented? A. Initiate "The Conversation" for end of life care in prior to hospitalization B. Contact the patient's next of kin to ask about continuation of care. C. Continue to utilize all extreme measures in attempt to prolong the patient's life as providers have the responsibility to "do no harm." D. This situation cannot be prevented and is up to the doctor to make the decision
A. Initiate "The Conversation" for end of life care in prior to hospitalization
Dotty just recently left the hospital, she can't figure out which of her medications are new and feels very confused and overwhelmed. She also feels really insecure about getting up and moving about her home without someone home. Which of the following is a measures would have made Dotty's return home more manageable? A. Minimize disruption to the patient's life B. Aim for health C. Recognize and respect the caregivers D. Make the journey clear
A. Minimize disruption to the patient's life
In the article "The Affordable Care Act's Payment and Delivery System Reforms: A Progress Report at Five Years," the Affordable Care Act (ACA) contains provisions intended to resolve underlying problems in how health care is delivered and paid for. The provisions focus on three broad areas EXCEPT: A. Offer an assessment of the law's transformative-seeking reforms B. Testing new delivery models and spreading successful ones C. Encouraging the shift toward payment based on the value of care provided D. Developing resources for system wide improvement
A. Offer an assessment of the law's transformative-seeking reforms
What's the best model to help incentivize providers to deliver better quality care? A. P4P B. Capitation C. DRG D. Fee-for-service
A. P4P
Mary arrives at the outpatient physical therapy clinic for her appointment. She is told that she has a co-payment of $50. What is this an example of? A. Patient cost-sharing B. Supply limits C. Utilization management D. Capitation
A. Patient cost-sharing
A 70-year-old patient, with diabetes, and a recent hip fracture is having difficulty bathing and getting in and out of bed. She lives alone. What service is she eligible for if she has Medicare only? A. Physical therapy B. Home health aide C. Nurses' aide D. Nothing
A. Physical therapy
Lindsay is a 52-year-old female who has new insurance coverage after starting a new job. She wants to stay with her previous PCP, but they are out of the "preferred network" and thus causing her to pay a higher share of cost. What care plan is this an example of? A. Preferred Provider Organization (PPO) B. Health Maintenance Organization (HMO) C. Medicare D. Medicaid
A. Preferred Provider Organization (PPO)
With the creation of Blue Cross and Blue Shield (BCBS), the U.S.'s largest health insurance system, the provider-insurer pact was established where providers had legal control of insurers.Which of the following are likely under the premise that providers had direct control of insurers as with BCBS in the 1960's? A. Providers set generous rules of payment, and BCBS (the insurers) made payments without asking too many questions - this greatly benefitted the providers. B. Patients saw great increases in health care quality because providers were well paid and happy, therefore providing better care. C. Health costs nationwide were reduced as a result of this pact. D. Insurers began to focus on cost containment by way of implementing patient cost sharing stipulations.
A. Providers set generous rules of payment, and BCBS (the insurers) made payments without asking too many questions - this greatly benefitted the providers
Private insurers, Medicare, and Medicaid are replacing fee-for-service payment, which encourages use of more services. Does this tend to: A. Shift financial risk away from payers toward physicians and hospitals in an effort to control costs. B. Shift financial risk from hospitals and physicians towards patients in effort to control patient spending. C. Create no shift at all. D. Shift financial risk away from hospitals, physicians, and payers in an effort to control costs.
A. Shift financial risk away from payers toward physicians and hospitals in an effort to control costs.
What percent of the population consumes 50% of healthcare spending? A. The top 3% of the population B. 50% of the population C. 63% of the population D. There is an equal distribution of healthcare spending across the population
A. The top 3% of the population
What is an important reason for distinguishing between frailty, comorbidity, and disability? A. There is evidence that each is preventable but requires different interventions B. They are all interrelated requirement the same intervention C. There is evidence that each is preventable and can all be treated with the same intervention D. They are not preventable however appropriate intervention can improve quality of life
A. There is evidence that each is preventable but requires different interventions
Mr. Smith is a 65-year-old and has lived with COPD for the past five years. He has difficulty preparing meals, walking up and the down stairs, and carrying his laundry. Mr. Smith's feels he would benefit having assistance at home to help him complete his daily tasks. As Mr. Smith's healthcare provider, Mr. Smith is wondering what his options are. A. These services are considered custodial care and are not covered by Medicare. You will need to hire a home health aide through a private agency to assist you. B. Medicare will cover PT services when you are living with a chronic illness C. Since these are skilled services, Medicare will provide VNA for Mr. Smith. D. Your wife can get trained and then paid to be your healthcare provider
A. These services are considered custodial care and are not covered by Medicare. You will need to hire a home health aide through a private agency to assist you.
A patient arrives to a hospital-based primary care office 15 minutes late for their appointment. According to the patient cycle of service model, what would be the best way to approach this situation? A. Understand how much time may have been dedicated to their hospital visit, and inquire as to what caused their delay. B. Charge the patient a fee for missing their appointment C. Inform them that they will have to reschedule the appointment D. Inform the patient of the clinic policy for late appointments.
A. Understand how much time may have been dedicated to their hospital visit, and inquire as to what caused their delay.
A patient marked their experience as "poor" on the HCAHPS survey, with an especially low ranking in the "Discharge Information" category. The patient is a type II diabetic using injectable insulin for the first time. Which of the following strategies would NOT be a good strategy to prepare the patient for discharge? A. Waiting until 30 minutes before discharge to show them so it is fresh in their mind B. Demonstrate how to inject their insulin on day 1 of their admission, and recheck their knowledge the next day with the patient demonstrating proper use of drawing up insulin and self-administration. C. Providing them with a handout on how to inject insulin D. Bringing in any family members who are present to assist
A. Waiting until 30 minutes before discharge to show them so it is fresh in their mind
Which model uses an insurance system where insurers are called "sickness funds," where these funds are jointly financed by employers and employees through payroll deduction? A. Beveridge Model B. Bismarck Model C. National Insurance Model D. Out-of-Pocket Model
B. Bismarck Model
Medicare pays Simmons Hospital $7,699 for their beneficiary's total knee replacement. This payment was made up front to cover services rendered from the orthopedic surgeon, anesthesiologists, nursing, physical therapists and more. This is an example of a(n) ________ payment. A. Fee for service B. Bundled C. Out of pocket D. Pay for performance
B. Bundled
Which of the following unit of payment methods would shift the most risk onto the provider? A. Fee for Service (FFS) B. Capitation Payments C. Per Diem Payments D. Cost Reimbursement
B. Capitation Payments
MR, a 62-year-old patient was involved in a motor vehicle accident that caused him to have a significant blood loss requiring a blood transfusion. MR is alert, oriented, and able to make his needs known to his healthcare team. Upon consenting for the blood transfusion, MR tells the provider that receiving blood is against his religion and he refuses the transfusion. The provider illustrates the risks and potential outcomes of not receiving the blood, but MR ultimately decides that he does not want the blood. There are four basic principles of medical ethics, which one of the principles is illustrated in this patient scenario? A. Nonmaleficence B. Autonomy C. Beneficence D. Justice
B. Autonomy
Identify the principles of medical ethics in the following case. A 97-year-old F has late stage cancer that has metastasized, she has poor quality of life and her prognosis is <6 months. She is confused and unable to understand the severity of her condition. Despite no curative treatment, her husband and decision maker wishes to have surgery to remove the tumor. The neurosurgeon refuses as it will cause the patient more suffering and will not help her situation. A. Autonomy vs. Beneficence B. Autonomy vs. Non-maleficence C. Beneficence vs. Non-maleficence D. Justice vs. Beneficence
B. Autonomy vs. Non-maleficence
All of the following are examples of social determinants of health, except: A. Economic stability B. Birth order C. Education D. Social and community context
B. Birth order
All of the following are services provided by Hospice EXCEPT FOR: A. Manage pain and non-pain symptoms B. Curative care C. Psychosocial and spiritual support D. Provide medications and medical supplies
B. Curative care
1. Which of these is NOT a method of cost containment A. Supply limits B. Fee for service C. Increased preventive care D. Global budgeting
B. Fee for service
Which of these systems of physician payment produces risk that is completely absorbed by insurance companies, governing agencies, or patients A. Capitation B. Fee for service C. Payment per episode of illness D. Per diem
B. Fee for service
There are many ways to incentivize better patient centered care. Which scenario below is the BEST way to assure that healthcare professionals can achieve this objective? A. Lower the cost of healthcare and decrease hospital bills B. Financial incentives for doctors and hospitals to provide better care C. Increase the amount of nurses and personnel per patient D. Increase spending on programs to teach personnel how to provide more palliative care to their patients
B. Financial incentives for doctors and hospitals to provide better care
There were two male patients, both 62, patient X has BCBS insurance and patient Y is uninsured due to unemployment. They both presented to the ED with abdominal pain and are treated by Dr. Smith. To ensure that both Patient X and Y are treated fairly and equally requires all concepts EXCEPT: A. Justice B. Fiscal rationing of services C. Beneficence D. Recognition of implicit bias
B. Fiscal rationing of services
Which of the following is an example of "flat of the curve medicine"? A. Adding an additional dose of pain medicine when the maximum dose has already been reached B. Spending additional money on health care yielding smaller and smaller increments in health C. Further developing new medicines to treat diseases that do not already have sufficient treatment options D. Shifting medical care to a patient-centered model
B. Spending additional money on health care yielding smaller and smaller increments in health
Mrs. Jones is recovering from a total hip replacement at BIDMC in Boston, her PT comes into the room and begins to fit her for her walker and proceeds to tell her about her hip precautions. The PT lists all her precautions, finished fitting her walker, says goodbye and tells Mrs. Jones she will see her tomorrow and leaves the room. What is the BEST answer that describes what Mrs. Jones' PT should have done prior to leaving the room? A. Give her the call button and make sure she's back in bed B. Have her demonstrate the skills she learned in the session and repeat her hip precautions (teach back method) C. Give her lunch and tell her she did a great job D. Ask her to fill out the HCAHPS survey
B. Have her demonstrate the skills she learned in the session and repeat her hip precautions (teach back method)
A Progress Report at Five Years", a number of the ACA's reforms seek to transform primary care by encouraging a patient-centered medical home model. Which of the following scenarios best exemplifies this model of care? A. Having a greater number of specialty care offices available within the patient's network. B. Interdisciplinary care teams (doctors, nurses, PT/OT/SLP, nutrition, etc.) that offer extended office hours and have increased communication between providers and patients. C. Increasing the availability of home health aides. D. Increased time allotted for patient evaluations and discharges.
B. Interdisciplinary care teams (doctors, nurses, PT/OT/SLP, nutrition, etc.) that offer extended office hours and have increased communication between providers and patients.
In the late 1950s, which percentage of the elderly had health insurance? A. 50% B. Less than 15% C. Less than 30% D. 100%
B. Less than 15%
Mr. Simmons is a 42-year-old male who comes into the ED with suspected myocardial infarction. Looking back at his medical record, you note that his blood pressure at his last well-visit 6 months ago was 170/92 (highly elevated blood pressure), with no medication adjustments or referrals made to a dietitian or cardiac rehab. He reports that his provider sent him for an EKG, but did not provide any education about prevention of cardiac disease with dietary changes or other lifestyle modifications. This is an example of what factor that contributes to health spending growth? A. Aging of the population B. Poor allocation of our health spending C. Great primary care utilization D. Administrative waste
B. Poor allocation of our health spending
Why are healthcare prices so high in the U.S.? A. Patients in the United States are richer than patients in other parts of the world so are willing to spend more B. Prices of most health care products and services are not regulated by the government C. The United States government does not invest excessive amounts of money into research and development of new technologies D. The United States regulates pharmaceuticals companies
B. Prices of most health care products and services are not regulated by the government
With lifestyle choices driving up to half the preventable deaths and disabilities in the US, what area of healthcare delivery system should resources be allocated to improve the overall lifestyle choices of the American public? A. Public health B. Primary care C. Secondary care D. Tertiary care
B. Primary care
According to the, "WHO Report: Closing the gap in a generation health equity through action on the social determinants of health," the Commission's overarching recommendations for closing the health gap and creating health equity include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Improve daily living conditions B. Provide additional resources to those who can afford private health insurance C. Measure and understand the problem and assess the impact of action D. Tackle the inequitable distribution of power, money and resources
B. Provide additional resources to those who can afford private health insurance
What is the major difference between health care financing in the U.S. compared to health care financing in other developed nations like Canada, The UK, Germany, and Japan? A. The United States does not have government financed health insurance, while other developed nations do B. The United States has many methods of financing healthcare, while other developed nations have a more unified method C. The United States has a unified method of financing healthcare, while other developed nations have many D. The United States has government financed health insurance, while other developed nations do not
B. The United States has many methods of financing healthcare, while other developed nations have a more unified method
Most medical errors in healthcare are caused by: A. Lack of healthcare provider training B. Lack of patient compliance C. Communication and coordination problems D. Technology malfunction
C. Communication and coordination problems
Moving forward clinicians hope to improve patient knowledge and awareness surrounding advanced directives and end of life care. All of the following would have to be implemented in order for advanced directive to be enacted appropriately EXCEPT: A. Documentation of a MOLST form B. The use of technology for patient education C. Increased transparency between PCPs and hospitalists D. Improved communication with family members and primary care givers
B. The use of technology for patient education
All of the following are one of the four major actors in the US healthcare system EXCEPT: A. Suppliers B. Unions C. Providers D. Insurers
B. Unions
An entity formed by health care providers—from primary care physicians and specialists to hospitals and postacute care facilities—that agree to collectively take responsibility for the quality and total costs of care for a population of patients is an example of an: A. HMO B. PPO C. ACO D. In-network provider
C. ACO
All of the following are examples of primary care EXCEPT: A. Educating patients on smoking cessation B. Ensuring patients are wearing helmets when riding bicycles and seat belts when riding in a car C. Care for patient in new acute renal failure requiring dialysis D. Checking that the patient's vaccinations are up to date
C. Care for patient in new acute renal failure requiring dialysis
Care that would be paid for by Medicare includes A. Blood pressure measurements, teaching patients better communication techniques, and assisting with laundry B. Listening to heart and lung sounds, working with patients to maximize function, and assisting a patient out of bed. C. Change wound dressing, perform gait training, and teach patients communication techniques. D. Assist patient with taking medications, bathing, and eating.
C. Change wound dressing, perform gait training, and teach patients communication techniques.
High quality care is care that assists healthy people to stay healthy, cures acute illnesses, and allows chronically ill people to live as long and fulfilling a life as possible. Which of the following is not a component of high quality care? A. Competent health care providers B. Adequate scientific knowledge C. Combining of financial and clinical decisions D. Organization of health-care institutions to maximize quality
C. Combining of financial and clinical decisions
There are 5 Conversation Ready principles that provide a framework for teams to use when initiating this talk with patients. All of the following are included in these principles EXCEPT: A. Engage B. Respect C. Communicate D. Connect
C. Communicate
Bill is an 87-year-old male who presents to the hospital with symptoms consistent with pneumonia and urinary tract infection (UTI). He receives x-rays, urinalysis, antibiotics, and a full metabolic workup. He is on continuous telemetry and receives continuous oxygen. After a few days, Bill is discharged and the hospital stay costs $25,000. Based on his diagnosis, Medicare paid a lump sum of $8,000 to the hospital for all the services provided during his hospital stay. This form of payment is defined as: A. Capitation B. Pay-for-Performance C. Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) D. Fee-for-Service
C. Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG)
Upon initiation of The Conversation, the provider asks the patient what matters most to them. What principle of being Conversation Ready does this reflect? A. Exemplify B. Respect C. Engage
C. Engage
Which of the following factors does not drive growth of new medical technology? A. Consumer demand for better health B. Health insurance simultaneously paying for new technologies and hiding the real cost from patients C. Hospitals trying to decrease costs D. Investment in Research & Development
C. Hospitals trying to decrease costs
To enable healthcare consumers to fully engage in their healthcare, payors and providers must deliver in all of the following ways EXCEPT: A. Know consumers and what drive their behaviors B. Guide consumers toward the information they need to make better decisions C. Inspire consumers to seek alternative options for healthcare D. Engage consumers to help prepare them for and enable behavior change
C. Inspire consumers to seek alternative options for healthcare
Two patients are admitted at the same time to the ER: 30 y/o M with a history of substance abuse who presents for alcohol detox and a 65 y/o F with Stage IV cancer who is having adverse effects from chemo. The nurse could tend to the cancer patient first, but decides to find 2 open beds so both patients can receive care quickly. What ethical principle does this MOST represent? A. Nonmaleficence B. Autonomy C. Justice D. Beneficence
C. Justice
A health system is the organization of all of the following EXCEPT... A. People B. Institutions C. Law enforcement D. Resources
C. Law enforcement
Physical disability in older adults is associated with all EXCEPT: A. Increased risk for mortality B. Hospitalization and high health-care costs C. Less of a need for long-term care D. Higher health care expenditures
C. Less of a need for long-term care
A 65-year-old female with worsening congestive heart failure presents to her annual physical and is now eligible for Medicare. She asks her primary care provider about Medicare's role in end of life care. The primary care provider would discuss all of the following EXCEPT: A. Medicare covers advanced care planning provided during your annual wellness visits. B. If you become terminally ill, Medicare will cover hospice care if a physician confirms you are expected to die within six months. C. Medicare will continue to cover curative care while on hospice. D. You may still have to pay co-payments for your current medications on Medicare.
C. Medicare will continue to cover curative care while on hospice.
What type of international healthcare system does Medicare correspond with? A. Beveridge Model B. Bismarck Model C. National Insurance Model D. Out-of-Pocket Model
C. National Insurance Model
The "flat of the curve" medicine is the idea that in the US: A. The more dollars spent the better the health outcomes B. The fewer dollars spent the worse the health outcomes C. Once a certain level money is spent additional dollars will not improve healthcare outcomes at the same rate that they did at the beginning D. None of the above
C. Once a certain level money is spent additional dollars will not improve healthcare outcomes at the same rate that they did at the beginning
How do other countries avoid the 'Flat of the Curve" problem that the US has? A. Other countries spend more per person B. Other countries provide more medical care per person C. Other countries regulate provider fees and budget spending D. Other countries have better doctors
C. Other countries regulate provider fees and budget spending
Long-term care in the United States can be improved through all the following ways except A. Developing a social insurance program B. Financing long-term care to shift to community-based care C. Paying hospitals per procedure D. Training and supporting family members as caregiver
C. Paying hospitals per procedure
In reducing medical errors, a whole systems approach is the most effective. In this approach, medical errors are not just the result of human error, but also the result of the systems in which humans work and interact. Understanding this, which of the following principles could a hospital apply to reduce medical errors? A. Individualize certain tasks to better suit specific patient needs. B. Have nurses record information outside of the patient room to reduce anxiety of the patient. C. Simplify the process, reduce handoffs between different providers and other healthcare prof D. Rely on caregiver vigilance as the primary strategy for preventing mishaps
C. Simplify the process, reduce handoffs between different providers and other healthcare prof
A physician is unsure of a patient's diagnosis and has a fear of being sued. In an attempt to prevent this, the physician orders unnecessary and costly testing. This is an example of: A. Health disparity B. Beneficence C. Theory of bad apples D. Care fragmentation
C. Theory of bad apples
According to Chapter 8 of the book, all of these contribute to the high cost of healthcare in the US EXCEPT A. Administrative costs B. Inappropriate and unnecessary care C. Transportation D. Price inflation
C. Transportation
Many countries that utilize a national insurance model have a large focus around primary care using a variety of different models, such as gatekeeping. What aspect of the US healthcare system that may be improved upon by adopting a similar model? A. Fragmentation of care B. Cost containment C. Patient centered care D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of these scenarios would be most likely to take place under a "pay for performance" incentive model? A. A physician orders multiple tests (MRIs, X-rays, blood tests, etc) on a patient who presents with a mild headache for thoroughness of care B. A PCP recommends that any of her patients with abnormal lab results be admitted to the hospital C. A clinic performs unnecessary medical procedures on patients to increase provider revenue D. A hospital receives high patient satisfaction ratings and the providers receive a bonus at the end of the year
D. A hospital receives high patient satisfaction ratings and the providers receive a bonus at the end of the year
Which of these does not provide long-term care? A. Informal caregivers B. Community based and home health services C. Nursing homes D. Acute care settings
D. Acute care settings
The US health system can be best described as: A. Mixed B. Fragmented C. Market-driven D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following models is best for cost control? A. Fee for service B. Payment by episode of illness C. Per diem payments to hospitals D. Capitation payment
D. Capitation payment
The benefits of having a Medicare Quality Incentive Program include all of the following EXCEPT: A. Provides financial incentive for change in the hospital B. Helps the hospital understand which measures they can improve C. Gives patient information about standards of care at each facility D. Complex patients are more likely to be admitted for care
D. Complex patients are more likely to be admitted for care
Racial and ethnic disparities that occur in the health care system are caused by all EXCEPT: A. Health care provider bias B. Socioeconomic differences C. Differentiation in access to care D. Cultural competency of providers
D. Cultural competency of providers
Mary has multiple comorbidities, including diabetes mellitus, COPD, arthritis, and CHF. Though she visits her PCP for care, he sends her to multiple specialists to address each problem. This means that she sees her specialists more than her PCP. This is an example of: A. Integrative care B. Community based care C. Long term care D. Fragmented care
D. Fragmented care
One of the 13 principles to reduce medical errors in hospitals is standardizing procedures. Which of the following is an example of this? A. Letting family members act as interpreters B. Allowing new hires to opt out of orientation based on previous experience C. Permitting providers to prescribe medication based on memory D. Having a hospital-wide admission protocol
D. Having a hospital-wide admission protocol
In 2000, African American infants in Boston were five times as likely to die as white infants. This is an example of: A. Health care bias B. Health inequalities C. Health inequities D. Health disparities
D. Health disparities
The follow are past models/mandates that have been proposed as U.S. health care reform EXCEPT: A. Single-payer model of national health insurance (NHI) B. Employer-mandate model of NHI C. Individual-mandate model of NHI D. PCP-mandate model of NHI
D. PCP-mandate model of NHI
Based on your knowledge of the "flat of the curve" model, how would increasing the healthcare budget change the overall health of people? A. People would be healthier; money spent directly relates to health. B. People would be less healthy; generally high prices de-incentivizes providing quality care. C. People's health would not change D. People would initially be healthier as money spent increases, but eventually, a plateau would be reached where spending more money would not improve health
D. People would initially be healthier as money spent increases, but eventually, a plateau would be reached where spending more money would not improve health
Which is NOT a category of national insurance plans? A. Employer-mandated private health insurance plans B. Individual-mandated health insurance plans C. Government-financed health insurance plans D. State-financed health insurance plans
D. State-financed health insurance plans
Which part of the US healthcare system most represents the Beveridge model? A. Private insurance with co-pays and deductibles B. Fee for service C. Medicare/Medicaid D. The VA
D. The VA
Which of the following countries utilizes an insurance method in which all citizens are covered by a national insurance and private insurance may be purchased individually that could cover services that are also covered by the national health insurance? A. United States B. Germany C. Canada D. United Kingdom
D. United Kingdom