SOC Exam 1

Wrote about the "sociological Imagination" and discussed the differences between social problems and personal issues.

C.. Wright mills

Believed that socialites evolved from lower to higher forms because as generations pass, the most capable and intelligent members of society prosper while the less capable die out in a process known as the survival of the fittest.

Herbert Spencer

Founded Hull house

Jane Addams

Associated with conflict perspective. Believed that economics were primary and the ownership of the means of production determined social standing.

Karl marx

Created the idea of "ideal" types and brought the idea of Vershsten. Wrote the book The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism

Max Weber

Co-Founded the NAACP. Was the first African American to get a PhD from Harvard. Founding father of African American studies.

W.E.B. Dubois

Mary goes on her first job interview after graduating form college. She gets up early that day to iron her clothes and fix her hair. According to Goffman this is an example of ______. Select one: a. Impression management b. The Play Stage c. Symbolic Interaction d. The Looking Glass Self

a. Impression management

Howard is a NASA Engineer working on proposals for the first manned mission to Mars. Sociologically, what is NASA in relationship to Howard's life? Select one: a. It is a secondary group because NASA serves as Howard's employer and aerospace technology is his vocational interest b. It is an in-group because Howard was required to take a loyalty oath not to discuss his work outside the office c. It is a primary group because few people hold such a prestigious position d. It is an out-group because there is not intimacy between Howard and his employer, supervisors or colleagues

a. It is a secondary group because NASA serves as Howard's employer and

Cody is a member of the L.A. Crips. The other gangs in his territory are the bloods and the Latin Kings. Cody feels very antagonistic toward the Bloods and the Latin Kings. For Cody what type of groups do these two rival gangs represent? Select one: a. Out-groups b. Social networks c. Secondary Groups d. Primary Groups

a. Out-groups

Jimmy and Alex are doing a survey on the opinion undergraduate students have regarding academic services at their university. There are 12,000 undergraduate students at their university and they plan to survey 2, 000 of them. The 12,000 students would be considered the _____ and the 2,0000 students surveyed would be the _______ Select one: a. Population; sample b. Universe; Population c. sample; respondents d. design; population

a. Population; sample

Cordell has done an extensive study of the increase in divorce rates in the United States since 1950. He has come to the conclusion that the transformation of American society through interpersonal interaction, has resulted in a redefinition of love, marriage, children and the rate of divorce. In view of this, which sociological perspective would Cordell's conclusion be most aligned? Select one: a. Symbolic Interactionism b. The Conflict perspective c. Structural Functionalism d. Feminist Theory

a. Symbolic Interactionism

The correct answer is: Ideal Culture; Real Culture In Piaget's model, in which stage do children become "young philosophers" who are capable of abstract thinking? Select one: a. The formal Operational stage b. The Team games stage c. Sensorimotor stage d. the psychoanalytic stage

a. The formal Operational stage

Thorstein Veblen coined the term ________, which refers to the fact that the wealthy enjoy showing off their wealth, such as driving around their neighborhood in luxury automobiles Select one: a. conspicuous consumption b. hyperconsumption c. conspicuous leisure d. Conscious consumerism

a. conspicuous consumption

Many people believe that when they get laid off from their job they are alone, but many soon come to realize that this is a result of the current recession. They are able to connect their _____ troubles to _______ issues. Select one: a. private; public b. Individualistic; common c. public; private d. secret; overt

a. private; public

Joe teaches his son how to cook, as he is aware that his son will need these skills when he moves out next month. This is an example of_________. Select one: a. resocialization b. Anticipatory Socialization c. Role Taking d. reverse socialization

b. Anticipatory Socialization

Which theoretical perspective stresses that society is a whole unit, made up of interrelated parts that work together harmoniously? Select one: a. Symbolic interactionism b. Functional Analysis (Structural Functionalism) c. The Neo-Conflict perspective d. Conflict Theory

b. Functional Analysis (Structural Functionalism)

The United States values equality which represents ________, yet racism, sexism, and ageism are still prevalent, which represents _______. Select one: a. Symbolic culture; negative culture b. Ideal Culture; Real Culture c. Material culture; real culture d. Real Culture; ideal Culture

b. Ideal Culture; Real Culture

Which is not an ethical issue discussed when conducting sociological research Select one: a. maintaining subject privacy b. Providing incentive to subjects c. Maintain objectivity d. Disclosing financial support

b. Providing incentive to subjects

What was the conclusion reached by Stanley Milgrim in his "teacher-learner" experiment Select one: a. most people conform to social norms, even when told to deviate from them by persons in authoirty b. Some people will inflict pain on others when ordered to do so by a person in a position of authority c. only emotionally disturbed persons enjoy inflicting pain on others. d. Electric shock treatments improve students' ability to learn

b. Some people will inflict pain on others when ordered to do so by a person in a

Sociologists who use the ________ framework focus on how society institutions, such as our governmental system and health care system, are necessary and essential components to any society. Select one: a. Interactionist b. Structural-Functional c. Institutional d. Conflict

b. Structural Functional

According to George Herbert Mead, how does a child learn to take the role of others? Select one: a. Through intellectual development and biochemical processes b. Through play and imitation c. Through natural maturation process that shapes instict d. Through formal Education

b. Through play and imitation

Prison and Military Boot camp are good examples of Select one: a. Primary institutions b. Total Institutions c. Secondary Institutions d. Absolute institutions

b. Total Institutions

_______________ refers to the degree to which a given question produces the same results time after time. Select one: a. authenticity b. reliability c. validity d. Reality

b. reliability

__________ is important when conducting a study because it ensures a question being asked is measuring what it is intended to measure Select one: a. Reliability b. validity c. Authenticity d. Reality

b. validity

A formal norm can also be classified as a Select one: a. Idea b. Value c. Law d. Folkway

c. Law

Which is NOT a type of authority according to Max Weber Select one: a. Charistmatic b. Traditional c. Rational-legal

c. Rational-legal

A ______ is a persons' position within a social system; a ________ is what is expected of a person in this position Select one: a. persona; role b. role; persona c. Status; Role d. role; Status

c. Status; Role

Sociology was founded in the eighteenth and nineteenth century, when the study of _____ became a special focus of attention. Select one: a. the Nuclear Family b. The United States c. The Industrial Revolution d. The Decline of Religion

c. The Industrial Revolution

Often times, when people visit doctors' offices, there are pictures on a wall meant to have a "calming" effect on the patients. Patients view the pictures and feel more comfortable about the visit because they imagine they are visiting one of the places in the pictures. This is an example of Select one: a. The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis b. The butterfly effect c. The Social construction of reality d. The Sociological Imagination

c. The Social construction of reality

Sid (Male) and Nancy (female) went walking in the mall. Both of them were wearing nothing on the upper half of their bodies. In American culture, Sid would be violating a ______ and Nancy would be violating a _______. Select one: a. Taboo; folkway b. More;folkway c. folkway; more d. More: taboo

c. folkway; more

A disadvantage of secondary analysis is: Select one: a. A researcher has to conduct face-to-face interviews b. One has to conduct extensive surveys which are time consuming c. the data may not fit the researcher's needs d. It is harder than collecting one's own data

c. the data may not fit the researcher's needs

_________ sees society as held together by power and coercion. Select one: a. Rational Choice Theory b. Structuralism c. Exchange Theory d. Conflict Theory

d. Conflict Theory

In recent years, some minority groups have become inpatient with the dominant culture and have begun to assert their right not to assimilate. This is an example of Select one: a. Assimilation b. Cultural diffusion c. Subculture wars d. Identity politics

d. Identity politics

An example of participant observation would be Select one: a. Bill, A researcher, who wits on a park bench and observes behavior without people's knowledge b. John, a researcher, who watches preschool students who are not aware he is there. c. Sue, a researcher, who observes medical students working on a patient without his or her knowledge that she is present. d. Mary, A researcher, who visits with a first-grade classroom to conduct a study on teacher-student interactions and plays an active role in the interactions being studied.

d. Mary, A researcher, who visits with a first-grade classroom to conduct a study on teacher-student interactions and plays an active role in the interactions being studied.

Today if John's computer stops operating correctly, he probably calls a computer repair technician to fix it. The computer repair technician depends on people like John who need computers to help earn a livelihood. This is an example of Emile Durkheim's' Concept of: Select one: a. Mechanical Solidarity b. Integrated solidarity c. Structured solidarity d. Organic Solidarity

d. Organic Solidarity

Of the following characteristics which one LEAST applies to bureaucracies? Select one: a. Written Rules b. Written communications and records c. Division of labor d. Personal attention and individualism

d. Personal attention and individualism

Sue has had an excellent driving record for three years so she received a 30% discount on her auto insurance. This discount is an example of a Select one: a. Munificent sanction b. Neutral sanction c. Negative sanction d. Positive Sanction

d. Positive Sanction

What term describes the tendency of a bureaucracy to promote employees to their level of incompetence? Select one: a. Goal displacement b. Parkinson's law c. Bureaucratic ritualism d. The Peter Principle

d. The Peter Principle

Sue goes to a movie with her friends, her phone starts ringing during the movie and she is aware that this is quite distracting to others around her, so she immediately silences the phone. This is an example of responding to _______. Select one: a. The Important other b. The significant other c. The Substantial other d. The generalized other

d. The generalized other

Published Society in America and translated Auguste Comte's work into English. Used to hide work in a sewing basket.

Harriet Martineau

First proposed applying the scientific method to the social world in a practice known as positivism. Also sometimes credited with "coining" the phrase Sociology for the first time

Auguste Comte

Author of a book called Suicide. Defined Sociology as its own academic discipline and discussed "social facts" Sometimes associated with Structural Functionalism

Emile Durkheim

Developed concepts of dramaturgy, total institutions and impression management

Erving Goffman

There are four defining characteristics of McDonaldization. Which of the following are NOT one of those characteristics? Select one: a. Expansion b. Calculability c. Efficiency d. Control

a. Expansion

People who live in a large city, such as Los Angeles, may feel a sense of being disconnected from each other and a sense of impersonality, people living in these cities, according to the text, would be living in a ________. Select one: a. Gesellschaft society b. Gazelle-like Society c. Gemeinschaft society d. Mind shift society

a. Gesellschaft society

What was the result of intensified remedial training given to Genie, the 13 year old feral child discovered in California in 1970? Select one: a. Genie actually surpassed the intellectual level of other children her age after two years of training. b. Genie was able to achieve a normal intellectual level after two years of training. c. Genie died before the training could have an effect d. The training had little effect and Genie's language remained primitive.

d. The training had little effect and Genie's language remained primitive.

Julie is a high school teacher, on the same day she is due to give her students their final exam, her two children become sick. She doesn't know if she should stay home with her children or leave them with a sitter so she can administer the exam. Julie is experiencing Select one: a. Status overload b. Status stress c. Role Conflict d. role stress

d. role conflict