soc101 chapter 3

You have been called upon to discuss the socialization process. To which sociologist would you turn to prepare your discussion?

George Herbert Mead

According to Mead, we see the emerging of the self in which of the following activities?

a child plays "mommy", modeling herself after her mother

You are interested in learning all about universities, because you want to become a professor someday. In what process are you engaging?

anticipatory socialization

Which perspective developed by the psychologist John B. Watson claims human behavior is not instinctive, but learned within a social environment?

behaviorism

Jean Piaget focused on:

cognition: how people think and understand

What is the term for a category of people with a common characteristic, usually their age?

cohort

In Freud's model of personality, which component balances innate pleasure-seeking drives with the demands of society?

ego

Mead used the term ________ to describe the widespread cultural norms and values which we use as a reference in evaluating ourselves.

generalized other

Of special importance to sociology is Freud's idea that:

humans internalize social norms

Our basic drive as humans is reflected in Freud's:

id

Mead's concept of taking the role of the other refers to:

imagining the situation from another person's point of view

According to Mead, what is the correct order of stages in the development of the self?

imitation, play, game, generalized other

A person who has lost the capacity for independent living is referred to as:

institutionalized

Which of the following describes Goffman's description of the resocialization process?

it involves removing the old identity and then building a new self

In the nature-versus-nurture debate, most social scientists believe that:

nurture is far more important than nature

When Cooley used the term, "the looking-glass self, he was referring to the fact that:

people see themselves as they believe others see them

What is the term for a person's fairly consistent pattern of acting, thinking, and feeling?

personality

The purpose of the total institution is:

resocialization

___________ is a process of radically changing the personality through carefully controlling the environment.

resocialization

Children model themselves after key people in their lives, such as parents. Mead referred to these people as:

significant others

As a proponent of Mead's approach, you would argue that the "self" stems from:

social experience

What is the lifelong social experience by which individuals develop human potential and learn culture?

socialization

Which of the following is NOT one of the three distinctive characteristics of a total institution?

staff members encourage the maintenance of individuality, and encourage creativity

In Freud's model of personality, which component represents the presence of culture within the individual?

superego

The "self" is:

the part of an individual's personality composed of self-awareness and self-image