Social Psychology EXAM 1

Research finds that our brain activity changes in as little as ________ after seeing the faces of people from different groups. This supports the suggestion that social categorization is a truly automatic process.

200 ms

Researchers examined people's ability to make predictions by having them use "thin slice judgments," where a very limited amount of information was provided. They asked about people's emotional states, personality traits, and even sexual orientation based on this limited information. What did they find?

Judgments made based on very limited information were, in many cases, surprisingly accurate.

Which is true of online samples compared to traditional in-person samples?

a and b are true

Social psychologists who do research on "big data," such as social media posts, are conducting:

archival research

Our friends and romantic partners tend to be similar to us in ________.

attractiveness

For most of us, driving a car, riding a bike, and walking are examples of:

automatic behavior

When Anita reads a story and a character is scared, she tends to get scared too. This example is best explained by what concept?

automatic empathy

While reading a magazine Juan notices an advertisement for tennis shoes. Juan is very interested in reading about the materials the shoes are made out of and logically concludes the tennis shoes would be a good purchase. Juan was likely in which persuasion route?

central

Belief in a just world is an example of a(n):

defensive attribution

In Cohen's culture of honor studies, cortisol and testerone levels in saliva were:

dependent variables

Chukwudi believes that atheists cannot be trusted. As a result, he refuses to hire anyone who does not regularly attend church. Chukwudi's action is an example of __________.

discrimination

The stereotype content model suggests that when we interact with homeless people we feel what type of emotional prejudice?

disgust

Even though LaPiere found that his Chinese friends were served at most restaraunts and hotels on their road trip, these establishments reported that they would not serve a Chinese couple, highlighting that attitudes:

do not always predict behavior

A pager or an EAR (electronically activated recorder) can be used for what kind of research method in social psychology?

experience sampling study

Which of the following is not a part of the proposed "triad of trustworthiness?"

expertise

Which of the following actions from a child would exemplify having a sense of self as a social actor?

expressing emotions such as embarrassment, shame, guilt, and pride

A psychologist or social worker is likely to be high in social dominance orientation.

f

The halo effect is strong for adults and children, but does not show up when we judge babies.

f

Which type of brain imaging technique measures changes in the oxygenation of blood flowing in the brain?

functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)

Mitra et al. (2016) analyzed Twitter and found that communities with more anger-related words in their tweets had higher:

heart disease

In addition to answering basic research questions about human behavior, social psychologists are also interested in answering applied research questions that:

help solve problems in the real world

You get your first exam grade back and didn't do as well as you had hoped. Your first reaction is to curse your professor, saying that they didn't teach the material well enough, or in a way that helped you understand it. Only later when you've calmed down, do you realize that you only studied for an hour the day before the exam, and not 30-60 minutes every week like your professor suggested. Your initial anger response is an example of:

hot cognition

Focalism and immune neglect are explanations for _________.

impact bias

Timothy is participating in a research study where they measure his attention with an eye-tracker. What kind of attitude measurement is this?

indirect

In the context of psychology studies, WEIRD samples are all of the following EXCEPT:

intelligent

1 out of 1 points At what point in life does one begin to construct a narrative identity?

late adolescence

Bazerman and Moore (2013) outline six criteria for making a rational decision, including all of the following EXCEPT what?

make a pro-con list

Which of the following is NOT one of the five major areas in social psychology?

marketing

Mrs. Lee is an 8tht grade teacher. According to research into the attractiveness halo effect she will judge Eli, who has attractive physical features, in all but which of the following ways?

more likely to misbehave

At the park one morning, I counted how many parents were using their cell phones instead of supervising their kids. This is an example of what kind research method in social psychology?

naturalistic observation

Bounded rationality suggests that humans are

not capable of being fully rational because of cognitive limitations

In triplett's study on social facilitation, the amount of time it took kids to wind a fishing reel was the:

operational definition of performance

Marissa believes that even 30 years after graduation she will be able to name 250 of the 300 students in her graduating class. Later, she is only able to correctly identify 75. This reflects her ______in her own skill

overconfidence

All of the following are types of schemas EXCEPT what?

performance schemas

Someone from from a Western culture is likely to have an indepednent self-concept that emphasizes _________.

personal traits and goals over group identities

According to Terror Management Theory, passing by a funeral home can lead a person to think about their own death. This is an example of:

priming

Attraction researchers have found that when rating the attractiveness of our friends, we tend to mostly consider their:

psychological features like positive personality traits

Tracy enters a car dealership interested in buying a new car. Immediately she is greeted by a salesman offering her water or soda and a cookie. The salesman is likely relying on what social norm to help persuade Tracy to buy a car?

reciprocity

Which of the following are the criteria that are necessary for a person to engage in the process of social comparison?

relevance and similarity

James uses a study technique where he connects concepts and definitions to his personal life. This works to help him remember because of the __________.

self-referent effect

What makes the study of social psychology unique from psychology more generally?

social influence

Who is more likely to be angry about a Muslim family moving into their neighborhood *because* the family does not celebrate Christmas?

someone high in rwa

What topics are among the most studied by attitude researchers?

stereotyping and prejudice

Elsa purchased concert tickets about two months ago. Today is the concert but it's raining out, meaning Elsa would have to purchase an umbrella and rain boots if she still wants to go. Why is Elsa still likely to be persuaded to attend the concert?

sunk costs

Paris has just found out that her company is downsizing their staff and that she is highly likely to lose her job at any moment. Her heartbeat is increasing, she feels warm, and she has to take several deep breaths to try to calm down. The part of her body that is currently 'speeding her up' is called the ________ nervous system.

sympathetic

Johnny and his family are watching TV. One of Johnny's favorite shows comes on so he gets up and sits in front of the TV to be closer to the screen, not realizing he is blocking the screen for the rest of his family. From this example, what is Johnny most likely still developing?

theory of mind

When we are synchronized with others, we tend to:

enjoy our interactions more

Researchers have shown that Americans from the Southern United States:

have a culture of honor

The field of social neuroscience is best thought of as a combination of a _______ approach (using measures of the brain and body to study social processes) and a ________ orientation (seeing how the field can benefit the study of social psychology).

methodological; theoretical

John is going to a football game in a city he is visiting for the first time. Even though he's never been there, he has a mental representation of what the stadium will look like and how he will find his seat. John is relying on a(n) ______for a football stadium to inform his predictions.

schema

Your new neighbor laughs at joke you tell, and you decide that he thinks your funny. Your judgment of your neighbor is an example of what?

social attribution

According to ________ theory, people tend to categorize each other into groups and then show favoritism to their own group.

social identity

Physically attractive people experience many benefits in life. Particularly, more physically attractive people have an easier time persuading others. Which characteristic is an example of why this occurs?

Physically attractive people are perceived as having higher moral character.

What did researchers find when they examined how phones on a table impacted a conversation?

all of the above

Triplett published the first experiment in social psychology on social facilitation in what year?

1898

At what age would a child most likely fail the false-belief task?

3

What is the difference between stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination?

Stereotypes are based on beliefs, prejudice is based on emotions, and discrimination is based on behavior.

Which of the following is the best statement regarding our collective attitude toward attractiveness?

We are ambivalent about attractiveness.

What are the economists/psychologists Kahneman and Tversky famous for?

all of the above

What is the definition of self-esteem?

a personâ s sense of feeling worthy or good.

When Trisha is spending time with her partner, she realized she wasn't smiling, laughing, or having any fun at all. This is an example of a ___________ type of attitude.

behavioral

The theory of planned behavior holds that __________ best predict behavior.

behavioral intentions

There is more cultural variation in:

body attractiveness than facial attractiveness

How are humans like bees and deer?

both a and b

Even though her parents offer to get her a tutor, Alaine feels that she is not good at math and never will be. She believes that she is just not smart "in this way," and she's not interested in trying to get better. Alaine has a ________ mindset about her math skills.

fixed

Joining clubs and student organizations is one way that we fulfill our:

need to belong

There is a particular region in the brain whose job is to think about other people's thoughts.

t

When you get a test back in your statistics class, you initially feel good about your score of 87. When you find out that your buddy got a 93, your satisfaction with your own grade diminishes. You have engaged in ________ comparison and that has impacted your evaluation of your own performance.

upward

The two main components of attitudes are:

valence and strength

When is the representativeness heurietics likely to lead to an incorrect judgment?

when it conflicts with base-rate information