Social studies cold war: Section 1

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What was the containment?

-A foreign policy adopted by president Truman -This was a policy directed at blocking soviet influence and stopping the expansion of communism

The goal of the soviet union was to shield itself from invasion from the west, so what did they do?

-at the end of WWII, soviet troops occupied a strip of countries along the soviets own western border -stalin regarded these countries as a necessary buffer, or wall of protection

containment policies included....

-forming alliances -helping weak countries resist soviet advances

Two examples of countries who were helped bythe truman doctrine

-greece and turkey who recieved 400 million dollars

What did the countries at the Yalta conference agree on?

-to divide Germany into zones of occupation controlled by the allied military forces -Germany would have to pay the soviet union to compensate for its loss of life and property

how many western european nations joined with theUS and canada in NATO

10 western european nations (12 altogether including US and canada)

how much money does the US spend on the Marshall plan?

12.5 billion dollars

How many countries were in the united nations in 1945

48

What was the truman doctrine?

A US policy of giving exonomic and military aid to free nations threatened by (communism) internal of external opponents

What is a cold war?

A struggle over political differences carried on by means short of military action or war

After WWII, western europe had _______ turmoil, specidfically, __________

After WWII, western europe had economic turmoil, specifically scarcity of jobs and food

what countries did stalin install communist governments in?

Albania, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Poland and Yugoslavia

What were the western zones in germany named? in what year?

Federal republic of germany, in 1949

What was eastern Germany named?

German DEmocratic republic

where was the united nations based out of?

New York City

What does NATO stand for?

North Atlantic Treaty Organization

What agreement did stalin disregard by creating the Iron Curtain

The Yalta agreement

The Berlin airlift

The soviet union cut off highway, water and rail traffic into berlin's western zones -American and British officials flew food and supplies into west berlin for nearly 11 months

who created the marshall plan?

U.S. Secretary of state George Marshall

US vs. USSR government views

US- encouraged democracy in other countries to help prevent the rise of communist governments USSR- encouraged communism in other countries as a part of a worldwide workers revolution

US vs. USSR use of materials

US- gain access to raw materials and markets to fuel bombing industries USSR- rebuild its war-ravaged economy using eastern europes industrial equipment and raw materials

US vs. USSR- what they do worldwide

US- rebuild European governments to promote stability and create new market for US goods USSR- control eastern Europe to protect soviet borders and balance the US influence in western europe

US vs. USSR - views on what to do with germany

US- reunite Germany to stabilize it and increase the stability of Europe USSR- Keep Germany divided to prevent its waging war again

Which countries met at the Yalta conference?

United States, Britain, Soviet Union

What did countries do at the united nations? Where did they do this?

Voted at the general assembly over global issues

who was skeptical at the yalta conference? who was he skeptical of?

Wiston churchill, Stalin

What did the Iron Curtain create in europe?

a divide between the east and west (with germany being split into two sections)

What was the warsaw pact?

an alliance created in 1955 created by the soviet union which included many of the eastern European countries in the iron curtain

What did wiston churchill describe this division between the east and west as?

an iron curtain

What city in germany was divided because of the iron curtain?

berlin

What did Truman do in attempt to further the containment policy?

created the Truman Doctrine

results of the berlin airlift

in may 1949, the soviet union admitted defeat and lifted the blockade

Why was the NATO created?

our of fear of soviet aggression

What was the marshall plan?

plan to give aid to needy european countries

How did the soviet union react to NATO?

they created the warsaw pact

What was NATO

they stated an attack on any NATO member would be met with armed force by all members

What was the purpose of the united nations?

to create an international peace keeping organization

What did Stalin agree to do in the Yalta Conference?

to join the war against Japan, while also promising eastern europe would have free elections

was the united states in the united nations in 1945?

yes


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