Sociology 101: Chapter 7

Question 14 An average of _____ people in the United States fall victim to hate crimes each year? 200,000 150,000 195,000 100,000

195,000

Question 6 The term crime can be defined as: A harmful action directed at the authorities. A sequence of events leading to incarceration. A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions. An unintended consequence of necessary action.

A behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions.

Question 3 What is the difference between a violent crime and a hate crime? A violent crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics. A violent crime is punishable in a court of law; a hate crime is not. A hate crime is punishable in a court of law; a violent crime is not. A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.

A hate crime is based on a person's race, religion, or other characteristics.

Question 2 The term deviance can be defined as: The act of notifying authorities when criminal acts are occurring. The regulation and enforcement of norms. Social reward for the violation of norms. A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

A violation of established contextual, cultural, or social norms, whether folkways, mores, or codified law.

Question 12 Strain theory: Asserts that motivation and personal responsibility are the key factors in living a healthy lifestyle. Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals. States individuals learn deviant behavior from those close to them who provide models of and opportunities for deviance. Argues that morality is based on wealth.

Addresses the relationship between having socially acceptable goals and having socially acceptable means to reach those goals.

Question 10 Which of the following is an example of a negative informal sanction? Eleanor being given a "Teacher of the Year" award for her work as a high school English teacher. Michael being sent to jail for illegal possession of a firearm. Meredith receiving compliments on her hair after visiting the salon. Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.

Beatrix being booed off stage after telling an offensive joke during her comedy routine.

Question 5 Which theorist studied the power elite, and the influence they had over society? Karl Marx Carl Sagan C. Wright Mills Émile Durkheim

C. Wright Mills

Question 15 Bernie Madoff, recently sentenced to 150 years in prison for creating a Ponzi scheme which caused clients to lose millions of dollars, engaged in which form of crime? Institutional crime Corporate crime Violent crime Street crime

Corporate crime

Question 1 Samantha's father was sent to prison when she was 12 for the trafficking of narcotics; her brother was arrested when she was 13 for possession of meth. By the age of 18, Samantha has been arrested three times for possession of meth. Which theory best describes Samantha's experience? Opaque theory Strain theory Labeling theory Differential association theory

Differential association theory

Question 13 True or False: Deviance is always considered a crime? No answer text provided. False True No answer text provided.

False

Question 8 Which of the following is not a branch of the U.S. Criminal Justice System? The corrections system The police The jury The courts

The jury

Question 11 Social control is: A system that has the authority to make decisions based on law. A label that describes the chief characteristic of an individual. The regulation and enforcement of norms. An arrangement of practices and behaviors on which society's members base their daily lives.

The regulation and enforcement of norms.

Question 9 The term secondary deviance can be defined as: When positive formal sanctions cause an individual to deviate from society's expectations. When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society. When negative informal sanctions encourage an individual to seek more positive behavioral choices. When a violation of norms does not result in any long-term effects on the individual's self-image or interactions with others.

When a person's self-concept and behavior begin to change after his or her actions are labeled as deviant by members of society.

Question 7 Functionalist Émile Durkheim believed some deviance within society was: Instrumental; it encouraged the population to rebel. Insignificant; deviance within society is largely ignored. Necessary; it challenged people's views. Dangerous; it encouraged disruptive behavior.

Necessary; it challenged people's views.

Question 4 Cherish receives a promotion at her job after successfully helping many clients. This is an example of a: Positive informal sanction Negative formal sanction Negative informal sanction Positive formal sanction

Positive formal sanction