Sociology 111 Final Study Guide

the typical African American family has about blank of the net worth of the typical white family

10%

which of the following is one of the golden rules of ethical conduct in Social research

Do no harm

structural changes brought on by industrialization in the United States Mint that families changed from Grapevine forms to

bean poles

a sociologist studies the family dynamics of Marie, a transgender woman who was raised as a boy named Max. the sociologist notices that Marie's fathered dead naming her. What is he doing?

calling her Max even though she wants to be called Marie

what kind of group ceases to exist if one member leaves the group

dyads

how does social context affect crime, according to the broken windows Theory?

evidence of disorder, such as broken windows, send a signal that it's acceptable to engage in further deviant Behavior such as vandalism

George mead

generalized other

Pedro describes himself as mestizo, meaning that

his ancestors include both Native Americans and Europeans

merton

midrange theory

according to your textbook, the most frequent form of domestic violence is

sibling on sibling

Chicago school premise

social ecology

which of the following is one main reason why a Navajo person would identify as NATO? The person

was born with ambiguous genitalia

tax evasion is an example of which of the following types of crime, as defined by sociologists

white collar crime

Adolf hitler

"great man" research

about how long did the majority of single mother stay on welfare rolls in the United States

2 years

recent US Census Data shows that US citizens have very high incomes While others do not. This data predict that of every hundred children blank lives in a household with an income below the poverty

20%

approximately what percentage of the nation's population age 16 years and older is innumerate

30%

in 2007, intimate partner violence accounted for more than 2300 deaths. What percentage of these victims were male

30%

Samuel is a white Christian minister in 1830. Like most of his contemporaries, he believes in the biblical curse of ham. This means that when Samuel sees an African-American he sees

A descendant of ham, the original black man who was set apart as cursed

ATV direct your pitches the idea of remaking the adventures of Ozzie and Harriet, but with African American characters. And African American producer says, this is a terrible idea! That family could have never been black! Why was the traditional family depicted in The Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet never reality for American families?

African American women have always had to combine work and family

land of joiners

Americans frequently come together to join voluntary associations

which feminist sociologist wrote sex, gender, and society which argued that much of what we attribute to biological sex differences can actually be traced to learned behaviors and socialization?

Ann Oakley

if affirmative action programs were eliminated, which group would most likely see an increase in chances of admission to Elite colleges and universities?

Asian students

Which sociologist invented the theory of positivism?

Auguste comte

your deference to your parents, professors, and the loss of the US government is best seen as an example of Domination by

Authority

Norms are to blank as values are to blank

Behavior, attitudes

who wrote the Feminine Mystique

Betty Friedan

taking into account students family backgrounds blank schools tend to help perform blank schools in preparing children academically

Catholic, non-catholic private

which theorist argued that other people provide us with a social mirror and that our interpretations of this mirror affect how we see ourselves

Charles Horton Cooley

most Arabs in the United States are not Muslim but blank, and about 20% of us Muslims are blank

Christian, African American

the examples of more and more people bowling and eating alone are used to highlight a more General Trend involving

Civic disengagement and decline in social capital

a theory of collective action claiming that Collective action arises because of people's tendency to conform to the behavior of others is blank Theory

Contagion

which term refers to a legally recognized person who shares many of the rights of a human individual as well as the ability to act as a legal entity by entering into contract or owning property

Corporation

Melissa keeps a poster showing the Victorian feminine domestic ideal in her dorm room. She says she loves Imagining the past when women's worlds were at home and women supported each other in child-rearing. Melissa enjoys Imagining the

Cult of Domesticity

Quantitative

Data that is in numbers

a stratification system with a governing Elite that is few leaders who Bradley hold the power in society is called a blank system

Elite Mass dichotomy

how was Dove campaign for real Beauty a response to feminist critiques of the media messages to girls and women

Embrace those critiques and was among the first to feature women with cellulite and frizzy hair

Enoch is an 80 year old man who receives moderate Social Security funds and works part-time bagging groceries. Adolf an 80 year old man with more Social Security funds has no need to work. Sociological research predicts that

Enoch may live longer because of the social interaction benefits of working

Which sociologist suggested that modernity was a time when each person was a unique combination of overlapping group affiliations

Georg simmel

which act formalized the exclusive definition of whiteness by imposing immigration restrictions based on a National Origins quota system that limited the yearly number of immigrants from each country

Immigration Act of 1924

an 1851 excerpt from Harper's Weekly Magazine describes a certain racial group as law breaking, Idol, thriftless, poor, and Barbarian. What group is this excerpt describing

Irish

which founder of Sociology is known, in part, for providing the theoretical Foundation of communism

Karl Marx

10000 people riding the governor, asking him or her not to execute an individual, is an example of

Mass Collective action

imagine you are a member of critical mass, the cycling organization that attempts to educate the public about carbon dioxide pollution from gas vehicles. Even though it lacks the organizational structure of a professional movement, it has high levels of number participation. This would be a blank organization

Mass protest

Venus Williams is one of the top women's tennis players in the world. Because this status overrides all of her other statuses, it is known as her

Master status

Juan is a college student who loves poetry and art and says he is becoming more cultured as he pursues a broad and pure knowledge of the world. His way of using the culture concept is no longer used by sociologists today. Who's the youth culture is juan emulating

Matthew Arnold

Michael is a case manager for a group home. Stay in as a man with severe developmental disabilities who lives at a group home. Michael needs to seek medical coverage for stand. Which government program will Michael likely seek out

Medicare

social deviance is a breach of blank crime is a breach of blank

Norms, law

___ sociology makes a prediction about homelessness rates. ____ sociology seeks to understand the experience of homelessness.

Positivist; Interpretive

the blank studies showed how stigmas can become self-fulfilling prophecies

Pygmalion

a homeless shelter for battered women, where they can learn how to care for themselves in their children, would be an example of blank social movement

Redemptive

Nathan is an upperclassman who enjoys a mansion, a pool, and a wealthy lifestyle. Most likely the distinguished characteristic of Nathan's class position is his source of income, which is

Returns on investments, not wages

when Public Health officials use social network analysis to understand sexually transmitted diseases what conclusions did they draw?

STIs can spread according to any of these models, and interventions must correspond with a pattern of the disease

which of the following scenarios provides an example of front stage Behavior?

Sally discovers her mother-in-law is dropping by shortly, so Sally rushes to tidy up the house

what is one difference between Street crime and white-collar crime?

Street crime usually occurs in public, white collar crime usually occurs in private

in political speeches about the poor, those who are believed to deserve assistance are often themed the

Working Poor

a mass protest organization and a Grassroots organization both rely on a high level of membership, but a Grassroots organization

Works through existing political structures to promote change

a married couple and their first born child are a type of group known as

a Triad

which of the following is an example of an interest group

a corporation lobbying to win a government contract

in the 1960s most social scientists, including Daniel Patrick Moynihan, Feud the strong roll held by women in mini African American families as

a detrimental characteristic that undermined men's roles in the family and caused all sorts of social problems

a white woman goes into an upscale shop to look at clothes she's excited to see that there's a sale in gathers a huge pile of clothes to take him to the dressing room. And African American woman goes into the store and is also excited about the sale but hesitates to take too many clothes in the dressing room because she's afraid the staffel accused of shoplifting. W e b Dubois would say that African American woman has:

a double consciousness

Judith lorber believes that gender is a social institution because it is

a major structure organizing our day-to-day experiences

the gini coefficient is

a measure of economic inequality

until 1973, the American Psychiatric association and the American Psychological Association listed homosexuality as

a mental disorder

Tamara is a medical doctor who is driving to the park. On her way, she passes by the scene of an accident. And US Society, the expectation is that Tamara has

a moral obligation to stop and try to help

each Society has a type of social stratification. How does the United States ideologically justify its type of stratification system?

a person is in complete control over the class he or she is in. Hard work determines class

some policy experts believe that welfare creates more problems than it solves because it discourages people from finding work. This is also known as

a perverse incentive

the General Social Survey is replicated yearly with a new sample of 2000 respondents. This is an example of

a repeated cross-sectional survey

Galileo's discovery that the Earth revolves around the Sun rather than standing at the center of the universe is an example of

a shifting ideology

which of the following describes a research problem that sociologists have to deal with?

a sociologist is part of the very subject here she is studying

results from the Coleman report found that

achievement differences between schools could be explained best by the family background of students and peers with whom children attended School

ethicalism is the blank examples of it are blank

adherence to ethical principles in order to live a moral life, taoism and Buddhism

some factors are called moderating variables because they

affect the relationship between an independent and a dependent variable

in his book punished policing the lives of black and Latino boys Victor Rios questions whether

aggressive policing in inner-city neighborhoods actually decreases juvenile crime

see the spacing medical bills that threaten to bankrupt him. He reads an article from Carrie Smith's creative financing on her son's college education. Steve decides to follow her example, so he

agrees to wear corporate logo on his hospital gown in exchange for payment

Karl Marx described workers as

alienated from the process of production

majority-minority states, where whites are not the majority of the population,

already here, about four US states have this dynamic

Mothers Against Drunk Driving introduced the concept of the designated driver in order to combat drunk driving. Because it focused on a single issue and sought to change individual behavior is best described as

alterative

an example of blank social movement might be a group of individuals trying to stop unwed mothers from having abortions

alterative

which of the following represents an ascribed status

an American of Japanese descent

which of the following statements is true concerning the domestic world of Ozzie and Harriet portrayed in the 1950s television program? The program was a good portrayal of

an idealized version of American Family Life in the 1950s

which of the following factors contributed to the development of the ideal traditional family in post World War II America

an increase in real wages

a factory worker wins 10 million dollars in the lottery. He doesn't know what to do with his life anymore or how to spend his time, so he becomes depressed and commit suicide. Emile durkheim would say that he has committed the blank type of suicide

anomic

in the classroom, compared to boys, girls

are expected to be better at Reading

sociologist who studies scientist in the laboratory do so typically because they

are interested in how scientific facts are socially constructed

modern day schools tend to reward which of the following parenting techniques?

asking children many questions and reasoning with them

we Face the risk of car accidents because as a society we have developed automobile in Road Technologies invested in them heavily thinking from the perspective of Charles Perrault we should make choices that might

attempt to reduce the prevalence and severity of accidents

why aren't antibiotics a successful in treating illnesses they were several years ago

bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics

how to observe morals and manners

based on assumption that women are inferior

for the sambia, taking in semen of older men by performing fellatio is the only way to

become real men

animism is the blank examples of it are blank

belief that Spirits are present in the natural world, totemism and shamanism

Georg simmel describe three basic forms of political relations a third party can assume when joining a diet. Which was one of the rules discussed by symbol? A third-party who

benefits from conflict

Herrnstein and Murray question whether poverty was a result of blank conditions or whether it actually caused limited opportunities for

biological

Elaine's daughter wears dresses, plays with dolls, and likes to pretend she is a princess. Elaine does not think Society has influenced her preference or games at all. He views his daughter as evidence that human behavior is determined by genes and hormones. Which term best describes a Lanes views?

biological determinism

the one drop rule asserts that just one drop of black blood makes a person

black

which of the following aligns with the arguments of black feminism

black women face unique impressions that white women, and even black men, do not

Kohl's parents divorced when he was 6, but now both of them are remarried. He has two stepsisters on his mother's side and a new step brother on his father's side. These families are examples of which of the following type of

blended family

the first form of mass media was the

book

a powerful example of the devaluation of housework in the United States was the original September 11th victim compensation fund. Ultimately, after feminist group Lobby the US government, what happened

both the deceased future earnings and his or her estimated contributions to the families unpaid household work were measured to determine the families amount of compensation

two scientists argue in a conference about human Origins. Dr. Leo argues that the journal Nature portrays legitimate science with its article on African origins. Dr. Wertz argues that the Creation Museum in Petersburg Kentucky has facts the facts are not fax at all this debate portray scientist engaged in

boundary work

Adam Smith demonstrated with his pin Factory example that

by dividing labor, factory production increases output by making it more efficient

when one factor is said to influence another Factor it is called

cause and effect

according to political theorist th Marshall, a group of protesters picketing a political speech is exercising blankrights

civil

two young men are on an elevator together. After briefly acknowledging each other's presence, they politely ignore each other for the remainder of the ride. Erving Goffman would refer to this Behavior as an example of

civil inattention

Annette lareau, author of unequal childhoods, makes a compelling case for the existence of differences between working-class and middle-class families. Which of the following statements best summarizes what she found?

class differences, played out in the daily routines of parenting, have a powerful impact on a child's life chance

the stage of a social movement when people start organizing, donating money, and lobbying political officials is

coalescence

Rodger Brubaker study analyze Notions of citizenship in both France and Germany. His method of research is known as

comparative research

a researcher studies the effects of gender by comparing people's experiences before undergoing sex changes and then again after their sex changes. The researcher uses a statistical technique called individual fixed effects, which involves

comparing and out come across time as some factors change

in a capitalist economy system, the price of distribution of goods and services are determined by what

competition

during the mid-twentieth century in the United States, many blacks moved

competition for housing and employment in the north, resulting in violent clashes between whites and blacks

you are a deacon in a Southern Baptist Church. The church condemns same-sex marriage, however, you personally believe same-sex marriage should be allowed, and in your free time you test for equal rights for gays and lesbians. This would be an example of

conflicting identities

according to Robert Merton, which of the following describes a person who accepts both the goals to find by society and the means to achieve them?

conformist

functionalism argues that: conflict theory argues that:

consensus; competition

Harry study compared to how to post on Craigslist of men seeking women different from the post of women seeking men. What method was Harry using when he catalog the traits mentioned in post?

content analysis

due to both birth rate and the increase tendency among whites to embrace their native Roots, the Native American population is likely to

continue increasing

Amira is an obstetrician who regularly test for developmental abnormalities in fetuses in her Chicago practice and believes that promotes better outcomes for mothers and infants she's planning the year of Professional Service in India and is concerned that in that social context, closely examining a fetus while a woman is pregnant May

contribute to families choosing to abort female fetuses

JPMorgan Trader Bruno placed a giant risky trade and lost six billion dollars for the bank. His boss and assistant conspired to cover up the losses by filing false reports. These crimes are known as

corporate crimes

Ramses II

could not have died of tuberculosis because the disease had not been discovered at the time of death

how did the enclosure movement change the economy in the early tutor. In England? The enclosure movement

created a large, new pool of urban labor

violation of laws enacted by Society is also known as

crime

this figure shows crime Rising falling quite rapidly and drastically. A social logical interpretation of these Trends would emphasize that

crime rates fluctuate in response to changes in how Society classifies deviance

in the 1960s Peter Berger wrote that pluralism would cause a blank in which religion lose its legitimacy as the blank came apart. The result would be psychological malaise and a loss of meaning to life

crisis of credibility, sacred canopy

ethnographer Mitchell deneer spent five years hanging out with booksellers on the streets of Manhattan his role as both researcher and participant provides a great example of the importance of

critically assess see how our role is researchers may affect the people we study

Roberto has red Richard Dawkins book for many years and decides to devote his life to advancing Dawkins vision of humanism which of the following is Roberto likely to do?

criticize religion in general rather than investing more time and trying to understand it sociologically

goth culture tends to exist

cross-culturally

when your friend returns from a study abroad he reports back to you on very different foods that people in his country ate. He explains that to them it's normal. That people in different cultures do things differently and that he learned not to make value judgments this is known as

cultural relativism

Vandana Shiva agrees to the Green Revolution has increased agricultural output and household incomes, but she is concerned about the

cultural, economic, and environmental costs of such changes

during the Olympics, people often compile media quotes and images to show how female athletes are treated differently than male athletes. This strategy of using media to critique media is called

culture jamming

a politician who argues that poverty causes people to reject the practices of mainstream Society is making a blank argument

culture of poverty

some postmodern sociologists work to show us how all facts are created arbitrarily by people with varying degrees of power. this is known as:

deconstructing social phenomena

according to espenshade & Chung, eliminating affirmative action programs would do which of the following

decrease Black and Hispanic admission acceptance rates by 1/2 to 2/3

research to start in different places on the research cycle .1 indicates a blank approach to research point to indicates a blank approach to research.

deductive; inductive

protestantism is split into many different blank or groups that share the same faith and are governed by the same Administration. Examples are Baptists, Lutheran's, and methodists

denominations

a variable that is thought to be influenced by another variable is known as the

dependent variable

Serena works for Shoemaker in a small shop, doing a variety of tasks. At the end of the week the Shoemaker offers her a choice. She can be paid with cash or with her choice of a pair of shoes. Serena chooses cash, which confirms George stimmel's Theory that says blank is a part of historical evolution of economy that has many advantages

depersonalized Exchange

Hippocrates believed that physical markers such as skin color were the result of

different environmental factors

it's step-siblings Rebecca and Susanna are asked to share bedrooms or other possessions and Rebecca fuse such sharing as an intrusion, she may have difficulty overcoming the tendency to play the role of blank between her parent and the new stepparent

divide ET impera

a person who intentionally tries to divide a wedge between two other people is termed by Georg simmel as

divide and conquer

after 1990, nurse practitioners began treating patients more widely and gained authorities acient prescribed medications. This trend allows more patients to be treated more quickly, but what is one of the unintended consequences?

doctors having less Authority

prejudice is to discrimination as thinking is to

doing

Anthropologist Michelle Rivaldo believe women were usually lower and stratification system because of their identification with

domestic life

erving goffman

dramaturgy

which of the following is an argument that would be made by a conflicttheorist

during elementary school, children are socialized by learning skills that will help them become adults who will become obedient workers

which of the following examples would be supported by research findings on the influence of Home characteristics on education?

during the summer, children from higher socioeconomic status backgrounds make educational games, all children from lower socioeconomic status families experience greater summer setbacks

Hegel felt that the relationship between slave and master was dialectic. This meant that

each was dependent on the other

Rockefeller Stanford oil company was in a position to issue commands and dictate the price of oil to oil producers by virtue of its Monopoly on oil refining. This is an example of Domination by

economic power

when a company dominates because it has a monopoly on the industry this is called Domination by

economic power

see Wright Mills argues that there are three major institutions in the United States today that have the power to make decisions for the masses. What are they?

economy, politics, and the military

Why does Puerto Rico have higher voting rates than the United States

election day is a holiday

for some followers of religion blank such as dancing can make the religious experience feel more authentic and real

embodied practices

the period when a few people try to draw attention to a particular social issue that is not in the public Consciousness describes which stage of a social movement

emergence

an accident occurs on a busy street, and a pedestrian immediately starts pulling people from cars and instructing others on what to do. This person would be an example of which Collective action Theory

emergent Norm

the division of labor

emile durkheim

Casa has fallen in love with me so, a man who is outside her ethnic group. Family shames her and convince her to marry x, a man with in her group. She is following her ethnics groups rules of

endogamy

a sociologist and a biologist work together to investigate possible epigenetic marks for cancer. In the case of Danny, a cancer patient, they are looking at both her jeans and

environmental hazards her parents were exposed to

Hagel argued that Notions of inequality are constantly evolving in a larger historical Ark and will eventually lead to

equality

Which social stratification system was favored in feudal Europe and the American South before the Civil War

estate system

if a person judges another Group by his or her own standards, he or she is being

ethnocentric

Barbara Ehrenreich

even with only herself to support and juggling two or more jobs, she could not afford to live off her wages

an example of collective action would be

everyone walking out on an exam

Jamie is using secularization Theory to study changes in the European Society. She first studies education and notices that the public school curriculum began referring to God less and less and stopped using theistic explanations of historical and geological processes. She then turns the economy and politics, expecting to see

evidence of secularization across all social institutions

in her native country of India, Molina's family would have insisted that she marry someone of a similar ethnicity and social class. Her family has immigrated to the United States, I know her family disapproves, Melina marries a Hawaiian man she is falling in love with. Her choice reflects her preference for the u.s. marriage rule of

exogamy

in ulrich Beck's description of risk Society, a tornado is an example of what type of risk

external

microsociology

face to face

in his book The marriage-go-round the state of marriage and the family in America today, sociologist Andrew cherlin proposes that America's love hate relationship with marriage stems from the

fact that Americans are individualistic and evaluate their marriages in personal terms

Nancy is a white woman who believes all races are equal and she is committed to Civic groups that promote diversity. She is walking down the street and pass as a white man. She acknowledges him with an odd she sees a black man coming down the street and she crosses to the other side of the street to avoid passing him because his Blackness makes her feel unsafe. Robert Martin would say Nancy was a

fair weather liberal

using Emile durkheim definitions, many feminists would say that the 1950s Housewives were more likely to commit the blank type of suicide

fatalistic

Mia is a correctional officer who wants to understand the rising prison population. Which group is fueling the increase seen in this chart

first-time incarceration for drug-related crimes

in a legal rational Society, personality and a tradition are less important than

formal rules

punishments that are overt expressions of official group sentiments toward deviance are also known as

formal social sanctions

the most age segregated social institution In society is

four-year college

a friendship group isn't an example of a formal organization because

friends typically don't have formal rules and governing structures

the blank theory of the family, developed by Talcott Parsons, argues that nuclear families are necessary for child rearing and fulfilling society's need for productive workers

functionalist

the expectations that girls play with Barbie dolls and boys play with GI Joe dolls are examples of

gender roles

the final step in George Herbert Meads theory of socialization is the development of an internalized sense of the total expectations of others. This is known as the blank other

generalized

Thomas Malthus believed that the human population grows blank but the ability to produce food increases blank

geometrically, arithmetically

contrary to popular belief

girls and boys score about the same in National math tests

which of the following Trends in current educational achievement is supported by research evidence?

girls from all backgrounds have performed well since the 1960s

when token men enter feminized jobs, they enter a quick rise to leadership positions this is referred to as the

glass escalator

trade of goods and services across National boundaries, as well as the mobility of business and labor through immigration is called

globalization

G vs Chicago Housing Authority was a class action suit that alleged at public housing was in effect

government-sponsored segregation

Solomon ran experiments in which subjects were presented with this image and asked about line length other people in the room offered wrong answers and the subjects responses were recorded. What did Solomon conclude?

groups exert powerful influence on an individual

recent Trends in marriages between people from different races or ethnic groups indicate a

growing acceptance of exogamy

Main Street at Harvard's graduation ceremony. How would George Herbert Mead Theory interpret streaking? The Streaker

has a keen awareness of the generalized other and simply enjoy soliciting peoples reactions

the concept of race

has changed over time

in discussing Financial changes that influence the economic volatility of recent Years, A Deal describes how commercial banks are mostly blank but investment banks are mostly

heavily regulated, less-regulated

Antonio's concept for the historical process in which a dominant group exercises moral and intellectual leadership by voluntarily receiving the approval and consent of the masses is known as

hegemony

part of what we learn in elementary school is to obey Authority, follow the rules, and be on time. Because these values are important to functioning of the capitalist system, Antonio would call this

hegemony

what effects did the Agricultural Revolution in Europe have on the transition to capitalism? The agricultural revolution in Europe

helped capitalism develop

Bob and Sue paint their baby's room Pink as soon as they find out they're having a girl. They are beginning to provide their baby with

her gender identity

at 9:05 a.m., the bell rings and children file into their third grade classroom. The first student to sit at his or her desk book open and pencil ready to write when to start for the day. The students love this little bit of competition. It's example of non academic socialization is referred to by sociologists as the

hidden curriculum

one of the things that may have led dr. Paul Farmers continued commitment to help with the poorest regions of the world with regard to

his PhD and medical anthropology, which gives him experience as a social scientist

which of the following is a characteristic of bureaucracy

house positions that are highly specialized

in 1961 Stanley Milgram devised an experiment to measure

how far Ordinary People would go in obeying and authority figure

which question is a sociologist of religion most likely to ask

how were religious beliefs pattern by social forces

Jackson's parents pay for him to take private violin lessons and send him to language arts lessons after school. In the summer, he attends science camp. His parents try to take him on one vacation to a foreign country every year. Jackson's parents hope that these activities will build his skills and better position him to get into a competitive University. Jackson's parents are investing in his

human capital

which of the following characterized the pre-industrial family?

husbands and wives were Partners in both homemaking and economic labor

Weber argued that

ideas influence society, not just economics

morbidity means blank mortality means blank

illness, death

which of the following is a reason why the egalitarian nature of American democracy has made Americans more likely than Europeans to enlist in voluntary organizations?

immigrants formed organizations to unite with other immigrants similar values

during a presidential election, we alternate Lee end up with two choices. If we were to be presented with more choices, we would not end up with the top choice of most voters. This is known as Kenneth arrows

impossibility theorem

according to Erving Goffman, we all try to make good Impressions on others and we actively work to ensure that others believe they are doing the same he calls this

impression management

The Cooperative wheat research and production management was established in 1945 to

improve Mexico's agricultural output

which of the following is an argument in favor of school vouchers

in order for schooling to be equal for all children, parents should be able to decide where their children go, regardless of their ability to pay

a society is pluralistic if no distinct ethnic group is statistically

in the majority

which categories do sociologists use to distinguish between majority groups and minority groups?

in-groups and out-groups

the Green Revolution, by increasing new technologies requiring more skills, has resulted in

increasing the value of formal schooling for women in rural areas

a variable that is thought to cause a change in another variable is called the

independent variable

what is the difference between alternative social movements and reformative movements? Alternative social movements focus on blank performative movements focus on

individual behaviors, the entire Society

punishments that are based on the usually unexpressed but widely known rules of group membership are known as unspoken rules and as

informal social sanctions

a person who desires a big mansion and the perfect American Dream lifestyle, but sells illegal drugs to achieve this, is known by Robert Merton as an

innovator

in the Dover Pennsylvania School District, what theory was presented as an alternative to Darwin's theory of natural selection

intelligent design

a trade Union representing workers in a particular job category acts as a blank when it attempts to influence policy

interest group

George Herbert Mead would probably argue that if your four-year-old daughter picks her nose and keeps pulling up her dress while you are out of a fancy restaurant, it is because she has not

internalized the generalized other

postmodernsim

interpretive (no grand narrative)

the most significant division within the discipline of sociology exists between

interpretive and positivist sociology

which of the following is a criticism of resource mobilization Theory

involvement of the elites often results in the demise of a social movement

sociologists view socialization as a lifelong process that begins when a child

is born

normal science

is conducted within an existing paradigm

the functionalist perspective argues that deviance

is necessary for a society survival

Convergence Theory says that the role of planning in Collective action

isn't necessary, Collective action can emerge from social circumstances

a process by which organizations face the same conditions, and ultimately tend to end up like each other is known as

isomorphism

how has the history of feudalism actually reduce the level of inequality in many modern European nations?

it created a tradition of State paternalism, which set the stage for the modern welfare state

if you are a salaried worker and you miss a day of work, how does your salary change

it doesn't change

research on teacher quality demonstrates that

it is difficult to identify characteristics that will make effective teachers because these characteristics are hard to quantify

one of the richest men in America, Tom Monaghan, the founder of Domino's Pizza, thought being poor was one of the most exciting things in the world

it is possible to get by on very little if you live very frugally

John Gray's Book Men Are from Mars, Women Are from Venus was a number one bestseller for more than a decade. Which of the following is one of the reasons his book has been sopopular

it offers the appeal of easy to grasp, Common Sense generalizations

what is Jean kilbourne's critique of an advertisement that shows a pair of women's legs with expensive high heel shoes on them popping out of a garbage can?

it promotes, even implicity, violence against women

you are the Lord of an estate. During the enclosure movement in Tudor England, what did you likely do with some of your common land

kicked off The commoners Who had use the land for grazing

the sociological significance of roles is that they

lay out what is expected of people

according to research in Dalton Conley the pecking order, how does the average income of daughters raised by stay-at-home mothers

less likely to earn as much as their brothers

some sociologist a religion such as Kelly B, study help people reconcile scientific knowledge with religious beliefs. Be found that American Christians practice reflexive spirituality. This means that people

look True Religion to provide meaning, wisdom, and profound thought rather than absolute truths about the way the world works

u.s. Senator Thompson proposes and incentivized Ira bill that will encourage savings among people who did not have an employer-sponsored retirement plan. 1 key incentive is

making a single choice to automatically save from each paycheck rather than deciding whether or not to save when each paycheck arrives

although women now outnumber men in terms of college enrollment, men still dominate which fields

math and physics

by looking at anthropological findings in tribal societies, sociologist can see fluidity in gender, which helps us see that the boundaries within our own system of gender

may not be stable

a sociologist, biologist, and psychologist are studying the causes and consequences of obesity. Their results

maybe complementary or conflicting

a strong study establishes validity because it is important that the researcher

measure what he or she intends to measure

which of Emile durkheim's types of social solidarity characterized pre-modern life

mechanical

parenting coordinators are sometimes brought in by the court to help relieve tension between divorcing parents. When a dispute arises between parents, the parenting coordinator can step in and help moms and dads keep the peace. The coordinator plays the role of

mediator

promotions to higher levels within an idealized bureaucratic hierarchy based on a cheese mat rather than personal attributes or favoritism refers to

meritocracy

to understand the role of religion in people's lives and how individuals value and experience their Fates, which type of sociological approach should we adopt?

microsociology

today, sociologists tend to study religion from a blank perspective. This allows them to look at everyday human interactions, practices, and beliefs on a small scale

microsociology

Elliot essman asserts that America is a blank because the very wealthy do not have much impact on the country in general

middle-class Nation

according to research by Annette lareau parents of different social classes socialize their children differently which of the following statements best describes these differences

middle-class parents are more likely to structure their child leisure-time with formal activities, working-class parents leave it up to the kids to decide how much they want to structure their free time

the Civic voluntarism model points to three components to explain political participation or non participation. Which of the following is one of these components?

mobilization efforts

a focus on science, Universal truths, and objectivity was a characteristic of which period

modern

James has had four wives, but this is illegal in the United States because he was married to only one at a time. This week ality reflects a rule of

monogamy

during Darwin's time people believed there were several different species of humans. Darwin rejected this view, siding with the plank who said humans are one species

monogenists

a pastor is founding a community church with a core belief in gender equality. Sociological research predicts that the pastor is likely to see

more women engaged in church activities than men

which of the following is mentioned in your text as a criticism of using the SAT as a College admission Criterion

most of the time, College admissions officers would make the same admissions decision using information only from the students High School records, furthermore, low SAT scores might disqualify from admission students who are otherwise academically talented

blank trade agreements, such as NAFTA, encourage business at a regional or worldwide level

multilateral

in Navajo tribes, there are three genders. Which of the following is their third gender category?

nadle

Christoph looked is an American living in Chicago during World War II. Concerned about discrimination against German Americans, he makes choices that will help his family survive. Sociologists call the strategy passing, citing as an example his choice to

name his daughter Jane and to be happy when she marries and changes her last name to Jones

crystals camping in the woods with her dog and Friends. If she interprets her experience the sociological lens, she will see culture in every thing around her except for

nature

within the International Community, and Unwritten rule exist that neighboring states must first recognize a new States autonomy before

new distant ones will do so

which is one of the major breaks between the postmodern. And the modern.

new ideas about multiculturalism and the blending of different narratives

you conduct a study of romantic love among college students

no because this harm is not greater than that which people encounter in everyday life

you have six friends over to your apartment for dinner and drinks. Three of the friends are discussing Einstein's theory of relativity, while the other three are talking about the World Cup. According to Georg simmel, is this a party yet?

no, because the conversation is not multifocal

one of the two main categories of culture that includes values beliefs norms and behaviors is known as

non-material culture

the fate of Americans tend to be more proud than deep. This is evidenced by which of the following results from research

of those Americans who agree that the Bible is inspired by the word of God, only half can name the first book of the Bible

ideologies are

often brought into question when certain aspects of that ideology are challenged

there are two producers of wagon wheels that together are the exclusive fighters to a large economy. The executives of those companies meet to set minimum prices and production levels, thereby ensuring that they each will make a higher profit than they would in a free-market. This is an example of

oligopoly

which of Emile durkheim's types of social solidarity characterizes Modern Life

organic

which of the following is a central belief of evangelical Protestants?

others must be converted to the faith

today's assumption that childhood represents a distinct phases in the life course stands in sharp contrast the notion of children as little adults that was popular in pre-industrial times. This example highlights how

our notions of childhood are socially constructed

how does the dialectic Theory assume social change occurs

out of conflict

stigmatized groups, such as felons in the United States, are known as

out-groups

surf's with the lowest class in the feudal system and we're bound to the land they worked, yet they were not slaves. They were different from slaves because they could

own property

Max Weber said that a person who pursues profit removed from any sense of right and wrong has

parceled out his soul

one of the problems with credentialism is that more and more students are attempting to attend private schools or to be placed in their best trucks in there public school. This may be one of the reasons that

parents are attempting to have their children accepted at the right daycare, sometimes even before they are born

married people tend to live longer than unmarried people. It could be that they take better care of themselves when they have the responsibility of a family. It could also be that

people that are healthier are more likely to get married

in general, rulers prove their Authority by

persuading subordinates that their claims to power are valid

under Johan lavatories theory of blank people with light skin were thought to have higher intellect

physiognomy

Carl has been hired to paint a house blue, but he mixes the color wrong, and it turns out purple instead of blue. Under which wage system would he be responsible for paying for new paint

piecework

some critics claim that the Carlyle Group uses Insider political knowledge, or blank to dominate heavily regulated markets

political Arbitrage

Piven and cloward hold who or what responsible for that precipitous drop in political participation

political Elites

most broadcasting companies are privately owned in the United States and are supported financially by advertising. This means they are likely to reflect the biases of their owners in backers. Knowing that the Press is not free suggests that there is a

political economy of the media

rap music, the Seagram building in New York City, and the Centre Georges in Paris or cultural examples from which time period

postmodern

symbolic interactionist study

postmodernism (shared meaning)

from her research, Susan Mayer concluded that it was not poverty that mattered, but rather

poverty in the midst of growing wealth

according to the state centered approach, a politician from West Virginia who pushes a bill to improve health benefits for miners would do so to enhance his or her own

power

the president vetoes a bill although there are many supporters. This is an example of

power

of cording to Herbert Gans, what determines the content of news stories

powerful Boards of directors

a society that relies purely on tradition to choose its leaders would be classified as

pre-modern

in blank societies tradition was important because the customers that were passed down through the generations helps guide everyday life

pre-modern

the time. That is characterized by concentric circles of social affiliation is

pre-modern societies

when Shelly, a white American, season Middle Eastern man, she worries that he may be a terrorist. She would never say this I would never take action on these thoughts, but none the less, they come into her mind. Despite her commitment to fair treatment, she is harboring

prejudice

Jennifer goes out at night with a spray can and writes on the stop sign. She successfully vandalizes for the first time. Labeling theorists would call this blank deviance

primary

a family is an example of which type of group identified by Charles Horton Cooley

primary

Karl Marx and Jean tended to agree on at least one thing. They both solve the primary source of social ills in a society as

private property

some products such as Fitness tracking devices like Fitbit for economic successes. Because they add value to the overall economy, Adam Davidson refers to them as

productivity enhancing

a sociologist studies children at a daycare center. She must get approval from an Ethics board because children are a blank

protected

under feudalism, Lord's exchanged land with the vassals in return for what

protection

according to Emile durkheim's research, what is the primary reason that Protestants are more likely to commit suicide than Catholics and Jews?

protestantism is based on the individual, which creates less social integration

according to controversial twin study, there is a genetic link to

psychotropic use

deliberate long-term media campaign Touch of Smokey the Bear, which began in 1944 and is still with us today, are examples of ads used by nonprofit organizations to educate the public. They are commonly known as

public service announcements

Adam Smith the father of liberal economically, determined that groups of individuals pursuing their own self-interest and it's to stay intact and not fall into civil Strife because individuals

pursuing self-interest in an environment of others acting similarly will lead healthy competition

Norma's interested in whether pet owners are more likely than those who do not own pets to live a healthier Lifestyle. By comparing the numbers he gathers on both groups, normal most likely be using what type of research

quantitative

positivist sociologists tend to use which of the following types of methodological approaches?

quantitative

most sociologists and biologists argue that racism a human invention, or is socially constructed. Which of the following statements highlights how race is socially constructed

racial categories on census forms have continued to change over time

in 1942 120,000 Japanese-Americans were sent by federal order to internment camps. Afterward, all Asian Americans went from being a relatively unnoticed group to being singled out for discrimination. This is known as

racialization

Barbara Risman equated gender inequality in the form of marriage to

racism

which term refers to the belief that members of separate races possess different and unequal traits?

racism

Sandra is doing research to determine how come and cheating is among students at Duke University. The student body at Duke will serve as her

random sample

which of the following features was part of the social context of the early 19th century America, a time when religious faiths were becoming networks for social change

rapid population growth

economists see humans as ____, but sociologists include ___

rational actors; irrational motivations

although some criticize rap music for its violent lyrics, many rappers defend it by saying it emerges directly from their experiences. Those rappers who make these claims are invoking

reflection Theory

a qualitative researcher who assumes everything he observes would have happened exactly the same way if he wasn't there observing

reflexivity

you may do a study of college wrestling and use your experience as a student-athlete to access wrestling spaces, athletes, and coaches. Considering how your past opportunities and privileges influence your study and its findings is

reflexivity

the more consistent the results given by repeated measurements, the higher the blank of the measurement procedure

reliability

Jeremy used to be religious, but after he spent a summer doing anti-poverty blank Legend really is the Opium of the masses said Karl Marx which of the following statements reflects Jeremy's agreement with Marx

religion pacifies people with Promises of rewards in the afterlife, therefore, they do not challenge the subjugating, exploitive, and alienating social conditions in this life

the SAT was developed in order to provide children from public schools with a chance to demonstrate their Fitness for college and to show that they are as ableist ins from private high schools. Is there for ironic that

researchers now question how meritocratic the SAT is, because the SAT May test knowledge that is biased against certain groups

sociologist finds a strong relationship between education and income. If he only assumes that the amount of Education people receive directly causes them to earn a certain income, and not that a family's income can determine educational attainment, he is forgetting to consider

reverse causality

social rights to public assistance, such as temporary assistance for needy families, are contingent on proof of insufficient Financial Resources. This is referred to as

rights to means-tested programs

but Susie takes up smoking, the cost of her insurance coverage goes up. This is a result of

risk adjustment

the difference between a social movement in a ritual is that

rituals don't aim to change something about Society

Janet has a paper due in her English class, a test in her psychology class, and field notes doing her anthropology class this week. On top of it all, she needs to meet with her advisor to plan out classes for next semester. She feels pressured. She is experiencing

role strain

expectations that Define appropriate or inappropriate behavior for the occupant of a particular status arecalled

roles

J is a child diagnosed with ADHD. The school counselor says it is genetic, thus, J must be medicated. Psychiatrist Haddad might see social factors also it plays such as

schools require Conformity and a child individuality might fall outside those norms

you believe that you have received an unfair grade on a paper, but you know that arguing with your professor would do little good. You leave the classroom it angrily throw the paper into the nearest trash can. Stephen Luke's would call this blank dimension of power

second

Amy is a married woman with children she and her partner Alan both work full-time jobs. When they come home, Amy makes dinner, cleaned, and tends to the children for the evening. Island helps with these things sometimes, but many days he rest after work. If Arlie hochschild saw this household, she would say Amy's experience the

second shift

the 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy versus Ferguson upheld

segregation

the difference between evangelist Protestants and fundamentalist Christians is that fundamentalists

separate themselves from the world, evangelicals try to win converts by engaging with the world

structural changes brought on by the industrial revolution had major consequences for families. One important consequences that the Industrial Revolution

separated work and home and create a new roles for men and women

George is the landowner. In return he gets protection from roaming bandits in thieves

serf

feminist philosopher Elizabeth G propose that we view the relationship between sex and gender as existing on a Mobius strip because

sex and gender are two sides of the same coin and are thus inseparable

James sees an advertisement in a fashion magazine that pictures to beautifully dressed white women in a crashed car with blood on their faces and arms and legs dangling went. If he uses Jean kilbourne's film killing us softly to interpret this advertisement, what might he conclude

sexism and misogyny are prevalent in advertising and media

in Brazil, gender is determined by

sexual practice

you see an advertisement on television for a new burger at McDonalds. The next day you're running by McDonald's and decide to give it a try

short-term deliberate media effect

what is the relationship between birth weight and education?

siblings who weighed less at Birth exhibit lower educational attainment than heavier siblings

when Asians are referred to as the model minority this refers to their

smooth assimilation

some people consider corporations to be Psychopathic because corporations

so little regard remorse or guilt for harming others

if you were to look for an apartment, you would be free to live in any neighborhood that you choose. This is an example of a person's blank rights

social

while the notion of sex refers to biological characteristics, the concept of gender refers to blank characteristics

social

Jackie is a student in a Catholic middle school. One day she is asked by her friends from the public school to skip school. The Jackie wants to be with her friends and is excited by the thought of breaking the rules she decides not too. Her actions reflect badly on her school, her parents, and her teachers. She also does not want to undermine the trust of that adults have placed in her. Her rationale illustrates how blank in Catholic schools May influence behavior

social capital

when people in a society form social bonds and relate to each other on a daily basis, the society is said to exhibit

social cohesion

postmodern "facts"

social constructions

according to intersex activists, why do parents and surgeons push to assign a sex to genitally ambiguous child?

social discomfort and fear of difference

altria wanted a new

social identity

according to Emile durkheim religion is created by blank and religious Expressions represent blank

social interaction, Collective realities

sets of dyads held together by ties between the individuals are known as

social networks

the Green Revolution has made it expensive for individual Farmers to survive on their own, so new collectives and cooperatives have emerged to bring together household Farmers. Emile durkheim might call this type of

social solidarity.

the logic of industrialism thesis argues that

social welfare benefits emerge to satisfy the social needs created by capitalism

the process by which a person internalizes the values beliefs and Norms required to become a functioning member of a given Society is known as

socialization

a person sits on a crowded Subway, phone in hand and staring blankly at no one in particular. Psychiatrist in God sees Behavior such as this and worries that technology is making people less

socially nuanced

Asians tend to have lower infant mortality rates than other minority groups in the United States. This is most likely attributed to

socioeconomic status

a policy of imprisoning and monitoring criminal offenders for committing crimes in an effort to prevent them from committing war crimes is known as

specific deterrence

which of the following is an example of a given off gesture

staring at the ceiling while your professor is talking

which of the following explains the deductive approach to research? The researcher

starts with the theory, forms hypotheses, makes observations, and then analyzes the data

a recognizable social position that an individual occupies such as a student or Professor is known as a

status

with regard to biological or genetic differences between people, sociologist have found that

stigmatize minorities in all countries have lower IQs, lower educational attainment and lower occupational status

Tammy is a student who does fieldwork in a low-income neighborhood near her college. She interviews women who say they're very religious but don't go to church. She interprets these data after reading Susan Crawford Sullivan's research, which explains that low-income religious women often don't go to church both because of logistics and because of stigma because of this their religion is

still an important source of resilience and meaning

hypothetical group of immigrants come to United States, settle in learn English, send their children to public schools, and become economically self-sufficient. Robert Parks model explain this journey as

straight line assimilation

Emma is hoping to secure an internship with an engineering firm this summer. She talked with friends and family, but they have not been able to provide her with any helpful contact. Emma runs into former aerobics instructor, whom she hasn't seen in several years, and her instructor offers to put her in contact with an engineering friend of hers. This is an example of what concept

strength of weak ties

although deviant Behavior can be threatening and damaging, paradoxically it also

strengthens Society by exercising mechanisms that preserve cohesion

an elementary school isn't a total institution because

students leave every afternoon and adopt different roles at that time

as is the case with Christianity, denominational divisions exist within Islam. The main division is which two groups?

sunnis and Shiites

blank is generally the best method available to social scientists interested in collecting original data to describe a population too large to observe directly

survey research

which of the following theories argues that people's feelings and choices about how to act are based on sharing meanings, orientations and assumptions?

symbolic interactionism

Microsociology is (was) the main focus of

symbolic interactionists

sacred things can include books, buildings, days, and places. From a sociological standpoint the sacredness comes from the

symbolic meaning created from the collective investment of community

which of the following is an argument against tracking in schools

systems of tracking socialize students to the inequalities they will encounter in American society

a Marxist theorist of Education would critique schools for socializing children to accept the status quo because schools

teach skills that make students subordinate

Liam is a sociologist studying with factors determine Health outcomes. He's doing a study that were find the outcomes of the Whitehall study. That's he looks at different says in health outcomes between the groups

teachers, lawyers, service workers

acronyms in emoticons demonstrate that

technology itself can generate ideas and Concepts

which of the following took a new historical role when it fueled the Civil Rights and anti-war movements

television

Linda is a US lawyer devoted to improving privacy rights in the digital age. According to the right to be forgotten, predict

tensions between the right to free speech and the right to privacy will be negotiated for many years

during the 1960's and 1970's, academic studies of media shifted from focusing on blank to also include blank

text, audiences

research questions such as why fairy tales often begin with a mother's death or an example of the analysis of media content stemming from Antonio's work what is this kind of analysis known as

textual analysis

during the 1960's some social scientists touted the secularization Theory. This Theory predicted

that the influence of religion would be diminished in the coming years

what appears to be the main reason for the success of Amish businesses when compared to other us businesses?

the Amish live by prioritizing the community and its Social Capital rather than rugged individualism

what was one of the largest American social movements that affected major social change?

the Civil Rights Movement

if Peter Berger read this data about belief in God by country, he would conclude that

the Philippines has the strongest sacred canopy

why is the United States best described as having a mix of mechanical and organic sanctions

the United States applies mechanical sanctions in some contests in organic sanctions in other context

after a traumatic accident a male baby is left with a micropenis that is badly damaged. Based on the case of David Reimer, what would it be most helpful?

the baby should be raised as a boy and should participate in medical decision-making in age-appropriate ways

people who are born into poverty and ultimately raise their own children in poverty learn how to live in poverty. They learn the norms and values associated with that particular way of life. Oscar Lewis called this

the culture of poverty

which of the following situations provides an example of how the social categories of gender influence the biology of sex

the decision to perform sex reassignment surgery on a male infant born with a micropenis and raise the baby as a female

the most important difference between primary and secondary groups has to do with

the degree of intimacy or instrumentality that people experience in these groups

Georg simmel saw the development of monetary Payment Systems as a part of historical Evolution leading to

the depersonalization of Exchange

Eliana was giving a 10-day course of antibiotics, but she stopped taking them once she started feeling better on day 4. Eliana's decision seems to be personal, but has social implications. What public health risk do we face if more and more people fail to complete prescribed courses of antibiotics?

the development of antimicrobial resistant antigens

according to Michelle rosaldo Theory, regardless of time or culture women tend to be associated with blank and men tend to be associated with blank

the domestic sphere, the public sphere

in terms of the evolution of payment and exchange, wage labor is more developed than piecework payment because under wage labor

the employer assumes responsibility for the quality of the raw materials, the technology and the production process

in our society, many people take for granted that sex has only two categories and tend to ignore facts that suggest sex itself is socially constructed. Which of the following is an outcome of the sexual dichotomisation?

the exclusion of those who don't fit neatly into one category or the other

which of the following examples calls into question the two firm categories of sex and gender that dominate our thinking

the existence of more than two gender groups in other cultures

the student guards in zimbardo's Stanford Prison Experiment behaved the way they did because

the experience the Lucifer effect, in which they were affected by social surroundings and cultural expectations

which of the following best describes the difference between the I and the me in George Herbert Meads Theory

the eye is one century of agency, the me is how we believe others see us

media centralization refers to

the fact that fewer and fewer groups on more and more of the media

Robert volunteers at the local animal shelter. After 10 days, abandoned animals are put to death. This distress is Robert and goes against the ethical beliefs, but because the manager of the shelter says he must, robber participates in the euthanasia. This is an example of

the findings in milgram's Authority experiment

a professor assigns a group project. And one group, Darren does nearly all of the work. Martin, 8, and Abby seem to shirk responsibility, assuming that because it's a group, someone else will pull the extra weight. Feud with a sociological lens this is

the free rider problem

Authority most explicitly refers to

the justifiable right to exercise power

the popular television Sesame Street was created with explicit purpose of providing educational opportunities for low-income children. Sesame Street has been very successful, showing that

the media serves as a powerful socializing agent

Molly use the US Department of agriculture's recommendations for the minimum amount of healthy food, estimated the cost for a variety of family types, and multiply this figure by a factor of 3 to measure

the official poverty line

saying hello when answering the telephone signals the start of an encounter in the first bracket and is known to dramaturgists as

the opening

which 1966 legislation led to National welfare reform during the Clinton administration?

the personal responsibility and work Opportunity Act

C Wright Mills term for interlocking directorates is which of the following

the power elite

at the end of the 18th century and the beginning of the 19th century, a massive transition was propelled by the development of new technologies including

the power loom and steam engine

why was the production Hays code abolished in 1967

the power of the code decreased due to the influence of Television, foreign films, and the fact that being condemned does immoral did not deter the film's success.

a group of students vulture campaign to reduce malaria. The campaign's theme is malaria kills, why aren't you stopping at? And it is targeted at the general public. Jennifer research predicts this campaign will be ineffective because it is using shamed remote change, and Shane doesn't work when

the problem laxaclear guilty party

broadly defined, education is

the processes through which academic, social, and cultural ideas and tools are developed

an alien drops onto the planet, and the only books he reads are Horatio Alger Jr novels. The alien concludes that

the rags to riches Narrative of social Mobility is true and realistic

the term Six Degrees of Separation came out of research undertaken by Stanley Milgram who wanted to test

the reach of social networks

while a social network is blank a social tie blank

the relationship between two people, explains how two people know each other

which of the following might be an advantage of participant observation research

the researcher can uncover what people do rather than simply what they say they do

Social Security benefits in the United States are in example of

the right to contributory programs

sociologist George similar are use that size Matters in a group primarily because the number of people in a group determines

the structure social relations will take

why is it so difficult to track the crime rate over time

the way particular crimes are defined changes over time

Pierre, Michaela, and John are friends. Pierre and McKayla are much closer to each other than either of them is to John. Why do they say friends with John at all? The concept of triadic closure suggests that

the weaker ties to John are reinforced by the stronger ties between Pierre and Michaela

in a battle between church and state, what did the French government ban in 2004

the wearing of religious Garb or conspicuous symbols in public schools

it is difficult to make generalizations about Latino families in the United States because

their origins in geography are so diverse

legal rational Authority allows a governor to make laws, but not a police officer. What is the difference between the governor and a police officer

their roles

a Christian Missionary goes to a tribal society and shares the Christian faith. The missionary teaches that there is one God who exist in Heaven apart from the natural world. The tribal people insist that the sacred is everywhere, and Essence in trees, wind, and animals. The missionary is an expression and blank review of religion, the tribal people are expressing a blank View

theistic, animistic

3 epistemological stages

theological, metaphysical, scientific

Mika is going to Africa to implement a development project in a poor rural area. She takes Jeffrey Sachs advice, focusing on malaria reduction which outcome is most likely

there is a Resurgence of malaria do to antibiotic-resistant strains of the disease

sexuality refers to desire, sexual preference, sexual identity, and behavior. Which of the following is true aboutsexuality

there is enormous variation in how humans have sex and what it means to them

the German Nazis identified Jews as a race, and race was believed to be biological. Nonetheless, the Jews were forced to wear yellow star of David because

there was no reliable physical indicator of the supposedly race

corporations are considered people because

they are entities distinct from their owners

weak ties are valuable parts of a social network because

they are more likely to introduce us to new information and ideas

what characterized the new markets that are part of globalization

they are primarily financial and not bound by geography. Anyone anywhere with the proper equipment can participate

in one study of Television portrayals of Arabs, researchers found basic myths that continue to surround this group, such as

they are uncivilized and barbaric

which of the following is characteristic of professional movementorganizations

they attempt to influence public policy

a sociologist an environmental scientist are each interested in global climate change. The sociologist prioritizes human choices that influence climate. The environmental scientist finds biological factors that influence climate. When the sociologist and environmental scientist dialogue, they may find that their apparent disagreement is actually due to the fact that

they're working through different Frameworks

according to Adam Smith, the most efficient way to produce something is

through the division of labor that breaks down production into its constituent parts

Janet was surprised to find out that her gynecologist, dr. Herring, was good friends with her tennis partner, Sally. Janet had Met Sally years ago in graduate school, while dr. Herring new Sally from church. The nature of each one's relationship to Sally is what sociologist would call

tie

which of the following factors is needed to establish causality

time order

according to impression management, the backstage Arena would include

times of solitude in personal reflection

Lewis is a Mexican-American who says terrible things about African-Americans when he is with his Mexican-American friends. When they encounter a group of African-Americans on the street Lewis smile says hello and passes by. Robert Martin would describe Lewis as a

timid bigot

which of the following was a motivation of the welfare reforms of 1996?

to promote self sufficiency and personal responsibility

Verstehen is

to understand a situation from the point of another

a public school uses the approach of blank to divide students into classes based on ability or future plans

tracking

Angie write a college paper about the origins of patriarchy. Following Gayle Rubin Theory closely, she argues that

trading women as property gave men certain rights over there female kin

Professor Clayton hypothesizes that travel to other countries increases students ability to do well in advance sociology classes. Which variable is the independent variable

travel to other countries

according to Nell painter, author of the history of white people, white people

typically just see themselves as individuals

Sociology in US at what university?

u of chicago

in the now culture of China, a little boy grows up very close to one of his male relatives. Everyone expects a strong degree of influence between this man in the child. This role model male relative is the boys

uncle

during European colonialism, ethnocentrism classified whites as normal, and non-white says abnormal and inferior, to help justify

unequal treatment on Conquest

when your lecture class in which only the professor was speaking breaks off into 10 small groups of five students each it has switched from being blank to being blank

unifocal, multifocal

though both may study the past, historians more often focus on ____ cases while sociologists focus on ___

unique; comparative

in the one sex model, it was believed that both a man's and a woman's orgasm required for conception. when the two sects model gained momentum women and men were viewed as radically different creatures, and the female orgasm became viewed as

unnecessary

according to Max Weber in order to understand what drives social action we must try to understand what meaning social realities have for others. This is called

verstehen

Sandra wants to study how students and their senior year of high school prepare for college. She starts by visiting an elite boarding school near by. Sandra knows that to make General claims about seniors preparing for college, she will need to

visit more school so that her sample is representative of the group she wants to generalize to

research subjects have a right to know that they are participating in the study and what does study consist of. This is known as

voluntary participation

who was the following has argued that African American female headed families are the outcome, rather than the cause, of racial oppression and poverty?

w e b Dubois

Which sociologist applied durkheim's theory of anomie to explain crime rates among African-Americans after the abolition of slavery in the United States?

w.e.b. du bois

a system of payment whereby workers are paid a set amount of money not tied to the quality of raw materials, accidents, or the exigencies in the production process refers to

wage labor

which of the following statements most accurately describes the notion of traditional family in US history? The traditional family

was unique to a particular time in history and in broader historical view, seems almost unusual

which of the following is always a cultural Behavior

waving goodbye

income-based measurements are deceptive because they hide the real influence of

wealth

with industrialization, families were less able to rely on extended networks to help take care of children, the elderly, and those who are disabled. As a result, the government intervene to take care of these people. When government assume responsibility for the basic needs of citizens this is

welfare state

with regards the effects of families on children's educational outcomes, which of the following is true

what a family goes from 2 to 3 children, middle children are significantly more affected by the loss of family resources

you and your friend created a technology startup. Since its Inception, it has become very successful and you've had to hire many employees. At what point will you realize that it has become, in George symbols terms, a large group?

when formal job titles are created and formal hierarchies between employees emerge

with regard to research on the effects of race and social class on education outcomes, which of the following istrue

when social class characteristics are controlled 4, test score gaps between black and white students shrink, black students have a higher high school graduation rate, and black students are less likely to be held back a grade

when Peter bearman and his colleagues analyzed the sexual habits of teenagers, they found that a person does not date the ex of a person's ex's boyfriend or girlfriend. This no cycles of four rules seems to operate

without anyone being consciously aware of it

Euripedes is a fictional student of Aristotle. following his teachers line of thought, he probably declares his commitment to civic association, but the true test of a person's worth is in what the individual does, not in personal characteristics. He fails to examine the fact that the principle of civic association excludes

women

which regard to gender and religion, which of the following statements is supported by research?

women tend to be more religious than men

qualitative data

words used to describe what is observed

Marissa is a Catholic of Mexican descent and has recently immigrated to the United States. She studies the Civil Rights Movement wanting to apply her findings to her immigrant Community as they seek upward mobility and inclusion in the United States. She is most likely to

work to strengthen the organizational and symbolic resources of the community such as building social networks and coalition's

in her study of real estate in in quality, graduate student Shania looks for the Aspen effect. she is looking for

workers who must live very far from their jobs due to real estate prices

theism is the blank examples of it include

worship of a God or Gods, Hinduism and Islam

the Milgram experiment help to explain the actions of Nazis during the Holocaust because it showed that

would have a thority figures without hesitation

if your identity is a definition of who you are, then how does your affiliation with multiple groups affect it

your unique identity comes from the collection of groups to which you belong