sociology ch. 1
The term "sociology" was coined in 1838 by
Auguste Comte
the pioneering sociologist who studies patterns of suicide in Europe was
Emile Durkheim
______ had an important influence on the development of the social conflict approach.
Karl Marx
which of the following statements best illustrates the career advantage of a person gains by studying sociology
a police officer understands which categories of people are at high risk of becoming victims of crime
which research method asks subjects to respond to a series of items in a questionnaire or an interview
a survey
Unlike simple stereotypes, sociological generalizations
are based on all available facts
To evaluate a theory using evidence, sociologists
gather data or facts
sociologist can not identify laws of society that allow us to precisely predict the behavior of an individual because
human behavior may be patterned, but it is also spontaneous
understanding the differences between countries encourages
increasing our understanding of both of our own lives and the lives of others
an example of a latent function of college is
keeping young people out of a tight labor force, which may not have jobs for them.
Using the symbolic-interaction approach, sports becomes ________
less a system than an ongoing process of interaction
The recognized and intended consequences of a social pattern are referred to as
manifest functions
Robert Merton explained that what is functional for one category of a society's population
may not be functional for people in another category
social problems in the United States, such as poverty and gender inequality, are
more serious in poorer countries
Joseph Ewoodzie's research to learn about homeless people in Jackson, Mississippi is an example of
participant observation
a social exchange analysis states that
people typically seek mates who offer as much as they do.
By stating that the sociological perspective shows us "the strange in the familiar," the text argues that sociologists
reject the familiar idea that people simply decide how to act in favor of the initially strange idea that society shapes our lives
social structures sometimes have negative consequences for the operation of society as a whole. which of the following concepts refers to these negative consequences?
social dysfunctions
the ____ approaches are macro level, describing societies in broad, structural terms.
structural - functional and social - conflict
The theoretical approach in sociology that assumes society is a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability is the
structural functional approach
herbert Spencer described human society as a complex system having much in common with
the human body
Among the historical changes that stimulated the development of sociology as a discipline was
the rise of the industrial economy and growth of the cities
the ancient romans saw the stars as being gods. Auguste Comte would classify roman society as being in which of the following stages of history
theological stage
a statement that explains how and why specific facts are related is called a
theory
The major goal of sociology's pioneers, including Auguste Comte and Emile Durkheim, was ________
to discover how society actually actually operates